High Voltage MLC Radials (SV Style) Application Information on High Voltage MLC Capacitors High value, low leakage and small size are difficult parameters to obtain in capacitors for high voltage systems. AVX special high voltage MLC radial leaded capacitors meet these performance characteristics. The added advantage of these capacitors lies in special internal design minimizing the electric field stresses within the MLC. These special design criteria result in significant reduction of partial discharge activity within the dielectric and having, therefore, a major impact on long- term reliability of the product. The SV high voltage radial capacitors are conformally coated with high insulation resistance, high dielectric strength epoxy eliminating the possibility of arc flashover. The SV high voltage radial MLC designs exhibit low ESRs at high frequency. The same criteria governing the high voltage design carries the added benefits of extremely low ESR in relatively low capacitance and small packages. These capacitors are designed and are ideally suited for applications such as snubbers in high frequency power converters, resonators in SMPS, and high voltage coupling/DC blocking. C0G Dielectric N1500 X7R Dielectric General Specifications General Specifications General Specifications Capacitance Range Capacitance Range Capacitance Range 10 pF to 0.15 μF 100 pF to 0.47 μF 100 pF to 2.2 μF (+25°C, 1.0 ±0.2 Vrms at 1kHz, (+25°C, 1.0 ±0.2 Vrms (open circuit (+25°C, 1.0 ±0.2 Vrms at 1kHz) for ≤100 pF use 1 MHz) voltage) at 1kHz) Capacitance Tolerances Capacitance Tolerances Capacitance Tolerances ±10%; ±20%; +80%, -20% ±5%; ±10%; ±20% ±5%; ±10%; 20% Operating Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range -55°C to +125°C -55°C to +125°C -55°C to +125°C Temperature Characteristic Temperature Characteristic Temperature Characteristic ±15% (0 VDC) 0 ± 30 ppm/°C -1500 ±250 ppm/ºC Voltage Ratings Voltage Ratings Voltage Ratings 600 VDC thru 5000 VDC (+125°C) 600 VDC thru 5000 VDC (+125°C) 600 VDC thru 5000 VDC (+125°C) Dissipation Factor Dissipation Factor Dissipation Factor 2.5% max. 0.15% max. 0.15% max. (+25°C, 1.0 ±0.2 Vrms at 1kHz) (+25°C, 1.0 ±0.2 Vrms at 1kHz, (+25°C, 1.0 ±0.2 Vrms (open circuit Insulation Resistance(+25°C, at 500V) for ≤100 pF use 1 MHz) voltage) at 1kHz) 100K MΩ min., or 1000 MΩ-μF min., Insulation Resistance (+25°C, at 500V) Insulation Resistance(+25°C, at 500V) whichever is less 100K MΩ min. or 1000 MΩ-μF min., 100K MΩ min., or 1000 MΩ-μF min., Insulation Resistance (+125°C, at 500V) whichever is less whichever is less 10K MΩ min., or 100 MΩ-μF min., Insulation Resistance (+125°C, at 500V) Insulation Resistance (+125°C, at 500V) whichever is less 10K MΩ min., or 100 MΩ-μF min., 10K MΩ min., or 100 MΩ-μF min., Dielectric Strength whichever is less whichever is less 120% rated voltage, 5 seconds Dielectric Strength Dielectric Strength Life Test 120% rated voltage, 5 seconds 120% rated voltage, 5 seconds 100% rated and +125°C Life Test Life Test 100% rated and +125°C 100% rated and +125°C Performance of SMPS capacitors can be simulated by downloading SpiCalci software program - http://www.avx.com/download/software/SpiCalci-AVX.zip Custom values, ratings and configurations are also available. 90 030818

High Voltage MLC Radials (SV Style) L L T Not RoHS Compliant H H H + 3.683 (0.145) 25.4 25.4 (1m.0in0.0) LD (1.000) min. LD For RoHS compliant products, S please select correct termination style. S SV01 thru SV17 SV52 thru SV59 and SV63 thru SV67 HIGH VOLTAGE RADIAL LEAD HOW TO ORDER AVX Styles: SV01 THRU SV67 SV01 A A 102 K A A * AVX Voltage Temperature Capacitance Code Capacitance T e s t L e ads Packaging Style 600V/630V = C Coefficient (2 significant digits Tolerance L e v e l A = T i n /Lead (See Note 1) 1000V = A C0G = A + no. of zeros) C0G: J = ±5% A = Standard R = RoHS 1500V = S X7R = C Examples: K = ±10% B = Hi-Rel* Compliant 2000V = G N1500 = 4 10 pF = 100 M = ±20% 2500V = W 100 pF = 101 X7R: K = ±10% Note 1:No suffix signifies bulk packaging 3000V = H 1,000 pF = 102 M = ±20% which is AVX standard packaging. 4000V = J 22,000 pF = 223 Z = +80 -20% Use suffix “TR1” if tape and reel is required. Parts are reel packaged 5000V = K 220,000 pF = 224 per EIA-468. 1 μF = 105 Note: Capacitors with X7R dielectrics are not intended for applications across *Hi-Rel screening consists of 100% Group A, Subgroup 1 per MIL-PRF-49467. AC supply mains or AC line filtering with polarity reversal. Contact plant for (Except partial discharge testing is not performed and DWV is at 120% rated voltage). recommendations. DIMENSIONS millimeters (inches) Length (L) Height (H) Thickness (T) Lead Spacing A V X S t y l e max max max ±.762 (.030) (S) LD (Nom) TAPE & REEL QUANTITY RoHS SV01 6.35 (0.250) 5.59 (0.220) 5.08 (0.200) 4.32 (0.170) 0.64 (0.025) Part Pieces Part Available SV02/SV52 8.13 (0.320) 7.11 (0.280) 5.08 (0.200) 5.59 (0.220) 0.64 (0.025) SV01 1000 SV01 Yes SV03/SV53 9.40 (0.370) 7.62 (0.300) 5.08 (0.200) 6.99 (0.275) 0.64 (0.025) SV02/SV52 1000 SV02/SV52 Yes SV04/SV54 11.4 (0.450) 5.59 (0.220) 5.08 (0.200) 7.62 (0.300) 0.64 (0.025) SV03/SV53 1000 SV03/SV53 Yes SV05/SV55 11.9 (0.470) 10.2 (0.400) 5.08 (0.200) 9.52 (0.375) 0.64 (0.025) SV04/SV54 1000 SV04/SV54 Yes SV06/SV56 14.0 (0.550) 7.11 (0.280) 5.08 (0.200) 10.16 (0.400) 0.64 (0.025) SV05/SV55 1000 SV05/SV55 Yes SV07/SV57 14.5 (0.570) 12.7 (0.500) 5.08 (0.200) 12.1 (0.475) 0.64 (0.025) SV06/SV56 500 SV06/SV56 Yes SV08/SV58 17.0 (0.670) 15.2 (0.600) 5.08 (0.200) 14.6 (0.575) 0.64 (0.025) SV07/SV57 500 SV07/SV57 Yes SV09/SV59 19.6 (0.770) 18.3 (0.720) 5.08 (0.200) 17.1 (0.675) 0.64 (0.025) SV08/SV58 500 SV08/SV58 Yes SV09/SV59 500 SV09/SV59 Yes SV10 26.7 (1.050) 12.7 (0.500) 5.08 (0.200) 22.9 (0.900) 0.64 (0.025) SV10 N/A SV10 Yes SV11 31.8 (1.250) 15.2 (0.600) 5.08 (0.200) 27.9 (1.100) 0.64 (0.025) SV11 N/A SV11 Yes SV12 36.8 (1.450) 18.3 (0.720) 5.08 (0.200) 33.0 (1.300) 0.64 (0.025) SV12 N/A SV12 Yes SV13/SV63 7.62 (0.300) 9.14 (0.360) 5.08 (0.200) 5.08 (0.200) 0.51 (0.020) SV13/SV63 1000 SV13/SV63 Yes SV14/SV64 10.2 (0.400) 11.7 (0.460) 5.08 (0.200) 5.08 (0.200) 0.51 (0.020) SV14/SV64 1000 SV14/SV64 Yes SV15/SV65 12.7 (0.500) 14.2 (0.560) 5.08 (0.200) 10.2 (0.400) 0.64 (0.025) SV15/SV65 500 SV15/SV65 Yes SV16/SV66 22.1 (0.870) 16.8 (0.660) 5.08 (0.200) 20.1 (0.790) 0.81 (0.032) SV16/SV66 500 SV16/SV66 Yes SV17/SV67 23.6 (0.930) 19.8 (0.780) 6.35 (0.250) 20.3 (0.800) 0.81 (0.032) SV17/SV67 400 SV17/SV67 Yes 030818 91

High Voltage MLC Radials (SV Style) CAPACITANCE VALUE C0G Style 600/630V 1000V 1500V 2000V 2500V 3000V 4000V 5000V min./max. min./max. min./max. min./max. min./max. min./max. min./max. min./max. SV01 100 pF/ 1500 pF 100 pF/ 1000 pF 10 pF / 330 pF 10 pF/ 220 pF 10 pF/ 120 pF 10 pF / 82 pF — — SV02/SV52 100 pF/ 6800 pF 100 pF/ 4700 pF 100 pF / 1500 pF 10 pF/ 1000 pF 10 pF/ 680 pF 10 pF / 560 pF 10 pF / 150 pF 10 pF / 100 pF SV03/SV53 100 pF/ 0.012 μF 100 pF/ 8200 pF 100 pF / 2700 pF 100 pF/ 1800 pF 10 pF/ 1000 pF 10 pF / 680 pF 10 pF / 390 pF 10 pF / 220 pF SV04/SV54 100 pF/ 3900 pF 100 pF/ 2700 pF 10 pF / 820 pF 10 pF/ 560 pF 10 pF/ 270 pF 10 pF / 180 pF 10 pF / 100 pF 10 pF / 68 pF SV05/SV55 1000 pF/ 0.027 μF 1000 pF/ 0.018 μF 100 pF / 6800 pF 100 pF/ 4700 pF 100 pF/ 2700 pF 100 pF / 1500 pF 10 pF /1000 pF 10 pF / 560 pF SV06/SV56 100 pF/ 0.012 μF 100 pF/ 0.010 μF 100 pF / 3300 pF 100 pF/ 2200 pF 10 pF/ 1200 pF 10 pF / 820 pF 10 pF / 470 pF 10 pF / 390 pF SV07/SV57 1000 pF/ 0.056 μF 1000 pF/ 0.033 μF 1000 pF / 0.015 μF 100 pF/ 0.010 μF 100 pF/ 5600 pF 100 pF / 3900 pF 100 pF /2200 pF 10 pF /1200 pF SV08/SV58 1000 pF/ 0.082 μF 1000 pF/ 0.047 μF 1000 pF / 0.022 μF 1000 pF/ 0.015 μF 100 pF/0.010 μF 100 pF / 6800 pF 100 pF /3300 pF 100 pF /2200 pF SV09/SV59 1000 pF/ 0.150 μF 1000 pF/ 0.082 μF 1000 pF / 0.039 μF 1000 pF/ 0.022 μF 1000 pF/0.015 μF 100 pF / 8200 pF 100 pF /4700 pF 100 pF /3300 pF SV10 1000 pF/ 0.100 μF 1000 pF/ 0.056 μF 1000 pF / 0.022 μF 1000 pF/ 0.012 μF 100 pF/ 8200 pF 100 pF / 5600 pF 100 pF /3300 pF 100 pF /2200 pF SV11 1000 pF/ 0.150 μF 1000 pF/ 0.082 μF 1000 pF / 0.039 μF 1000 pF/ 0.022 μF 1000 pF/0.015 μF 100 pF / 8200 pF 100 pF /4700 pF 100 pF /3300 pF SV12 0.01 μF/ 0.220 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.15 μF 1000 pF / 0.056 μF 1000 pF/ 0.033 μF 1000 pF/0.022 μF 1000 pF / 0.015 μF 100 pF /8200 pF 100 pF /5600 pF SV13/SV63 100 pF/ 0.018 μF 100 pF/ 0.012 μF 100 pF / 4700 pF 100 pF/ 2700 pF 100 pF/ 1800 pF 100 pF / 1000 pF 10 pF / 470 pF 10 pF / 390 pF SV14/SV64 1000 pF/ 0.039 μF 1000 pF/ 0.022 μF 100 pF / 8200 pF 100 pF/ 5600 pF 100 pF/ 3300 pF 100 pF / 1800 pF 10 pF / 820 pF 10 pF / 680 pF SV15/SV65 1000 pF/ 0.056 μF 1000 pF/ 0.033 μF 1000 pF /0.015 μF 100 pF/ 0.01 μF 100 pF/ 5600 pF 100 pF / 2700 pF 100 pF /1800 pF 100 pF /1200 pF SV16/SV66 1000 pF/ 0.120 μF 1000 pF/ 0.082 μF 1000 pF /0.039 μF 1000 pF/ 0.027 μF 1000 pF/0.015 μF 100 pF / 8200 pF 100 pF /4700 pF 100 pF /3300 pF SV17/SV67 1000 pF/ 0.150 μF 1000 pF/ 0.10 μF 1000 pF /0.056 μF 1000 pF/ 0.039 μF 1000 pF/0.022 μF 1000 pF / 0.012 μF 100 pF /6800 pF 100 pF /4700 pF N1500 SV01 1000 pF/ 2700 pF 1000 pF/ 1800 pF 100 pF / 680 pF 100 pF/ 470 pF 100 pF/ 220 pF 100 pF / 150 pF — — SV02/SV52 1000 pF/ 0.012 μF 1000 pF/ 8200 pF 1000 pF / 2700 pF 1000 pF/ 1800 pF 100 pF/ 1000 pF 100 pF / 680 pF 100 pF / 270 pF 100 pF / 150 pF SV03/SV53 0.010 pF/ 0.027 μF 0.010 pF/ 0.018 μF 1000 pF / 5600 pF 1000 pF/ 3900 pF 1000 pF/ 2200 pF 1000 pF / 1500 pF 100 pF / 680 pF 100 pF / 470 pF SV04/SV54 1000 pF/ 8200 pF 1000 pF/ 5600 pF 1000 pF / 1800 pF 100 pF/ 1200 pF 100 pF/ 560 pF 100 pF / 330 pF 100 pF / 220 pF 100 pF / 120 pF SV05/SV55 0.010 μF/ 0.068 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.047 μF 0.010 μF / 0.015 μF 1000 pF/ 0.010 μF 1000 pF/ 5600 pF 1000 pF / 3300 pF 1000 pF /2200 pF 1000 pF /1200 pF SV06/SV56 0.010 μF/ 0.027 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.018 μF 1000 pF / 5600 pF 1000 pF/ 3900 pF 1000 pF/ 2200 pF 1000 pF / 1500 pF 100 pF / 680 pF 100 pF / 470 pF SV07/SV57 0.010 μF/ 0.12 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.10 μF 0.010 μF / 0.027 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.018 μF 1000 pF/0.012 μF 1000 pF / 5600 pF 1000 pF /3900 pF 1000 pF /2200 pF SV08/SV58 0.010 μF/ 0.15 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.12 μF 0.010 μF / 0.047 μF 0.010 pF/ 0.033 μF 0.010 μF/0.018 μF 1000 pF / 0.010 μF 1000 pF /6800 pF 1000 pF /3900 pF SV09/SV59 0.10 μF/ 0.220 μF 0.10 μF/ 0.18 μF 0.010 μF / 0.082 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.047 μF 0.010 pF/0.033 μF 0.010 μF / 0.015 μF 1000 pF /8200 pF 1000 pF /6800 pF SV10 0.10 μF/ 0.18 μF 0.10 μF/ 0.15 μF 0.010 μF / 0.047 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.027 μF 0.010 μF/0.018 μF 1000 pF / 0.010 μF 1000 pF /5600 pF 1000 pF /3900 pF SV11 0.10 μF/ 0.33 μF 0.10 μF/ 0.22 μF 0.010 μF / 0.082 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.039 μF 0.010 μF/0.027 μF 0.010 μF / 0.018 μF 1000 pF /0.010 μF 1000 pF /6800 pF SV12 0.10 μF/ 0.47 μF 0.10 μF/ 0.33 μF 0.10 μF / 0.12 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.068 μF 0.010 pF/0.047 μF 0.010 μF / 0.027 μF 0.010 pF /0.015 μF 1000 pF /0.010 μF SV13/SV63 0.010 μF/ 0.039 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.027 μF 1000 pF / 8200 pF 1000 pF/ 5600 pF 1000 pF/ 3300 pF 1000 pF / 1800 pF 100 pF / 820 pF 100 pF / 680 pF SV14/SV64 0.010 μF/ 0.082 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.056 μF 0.010 pF / 0.018 μF 1000 pF/ 0.012 μF 1000 pF/ 6800 pF 1000 pF / 3900 pF 1000 pF /1800 pF 1000 pF /1500 pF SV15/SV65 0.010 μF/ 0.10 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.082 μF 0.010 μF / 0.027 μF 0.010 pF/ 0.018 μF 1000 pF/0.012 μF 1000 pF / 5600 pF 1000 pF /3300 pF 1000 pF /2700 pF SV16/SV66 0.10 μF/ 0.22 μF 0.10 μF/ 0.18 μF 0.010 μF / 0.082 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.039 μF 0.010 μF/0.027 μF 0.010 μF / 0.015 μF 1000 pF /8200 pF 1000 pF /6800 pF SV17/SV67 0.10 μF/ 0.33 μF 0.10 μF/ 0.22 μF 0.010 μF / 0.10 μF 0.010 μF/ 0.056 μF 0.010 μF/0.033 μF 0.010 μF / 0.022 μF 1000 pF /0.012 μF 1000 pF /0.010 μF X7R SV01 1000 pF/ 0.018 μF 1000 pF/ 0.012 μF 100 pF / 5600 pF 100 pF/ 3900 pF — — — — SV02/SV52 1000 pF/ 0.082 μF 1000 pF/ 0.047 μF 1000 pF / 0.015 μF 100 pF/ 6800 pF 100 pF/ 3900 pF 100 pF / 2700 pF — — SV03/SV53 1000 pF/ 0.180 μF 1000 pF/ 0.082 μF 1000 pF / 0.018 μF 1000 pF/ 0.01 μF 100 pF/ 6800 pF 100 pF / 4700 pF 100 pF /1800 pF — SV04/SV54 1000 pF/ 0.056 μF 1000 pF/ 0.033 μF 100 pF / 6800 pF 100 pF/ 3900 pF 100 pF/ 2200 pF 100 pF / 1800 pF 100 pF / 820 pF — SV05/SV55 0.01 μF/ 0.470 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.22 μF 1000 pF / 0.056 μF 1000 pF/ 0.027 μF 1000 pF/0.018 μF 1000 pF / 0.012 μF 100 pF /4700 pF — SV06/SV56 0.01 μF/ 0.180 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.10 μF 1000 pF / 0.033 μF 1000 pF/ 0.012 μF 100 pF/ 8200 pF 100 pF / 6800 pF 100 pF /2700 pF 100 pF /1200 pF SV07/SV57 0.01 μF/ 0.820 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.39 μF 0.01 μF / 0.10 μF 1000 pF/ 0.047 μF 1000 pF/0.033 μF 1000 pF / 0.027 μF 1000 pF / 0.01 μF 100 pF /6800 pF SV08/SV58 0.01 μF/ 1.20 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.68 μF 0.01 μF / 0.18 μF 1000 pF/ 0.082 μF 1000 pF/0.068 μF 1000 pF / 0.047 μF 1000 pF /0.018 μF 1000 pF /0.012 μF SV09/SV59 0.10 μF/ 1.80 μF 0.10 μF/ 1.00 μF 0.01 μF / 0.27 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.12 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.10 μF 1000 pF / 0.068 μF 1000 pF /0.027 μF 1000 pF /0.018 μF SV10 0.01 μF/ 1.50 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.82 μF 0.01 μF / 0.22 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.10 μF 1000 pF/0.082 μF 1000 pF / 0.056 μF 1000 pF /0.022 μF 1000 pF /0.022 μF SV11 0.10 μF/ 2.20 μF 0.10 μF/ 1.2 μF 0.01 μF / 0.39 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.18 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.15 μF 0.01 μF / 0.10 μF 1000 pF /0.039 μF 1000 pF /0.027 μF SV12 0.10 μF/ 3.90 μF 0.10 μF/ 2.20 μF 0.01 μF / 0.56 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.27 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.22 μF 0.01 μF / 0.15 μF 1000 pF /0.056 μF 1000 pF /0.033 μF SV13/SV63 0.01 μF/ 0.270 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.10 μF 1000 pF / 0.033 μF 1000 pF/ 0.012 μF 1000 pF/ 0.01 μF 100 pF / 6800 pF 100 pF /2700 pF — SV14/SV64 0.01 μF/ 0.470 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.18 μF 1000 pF / 0.068 μF 1000 pF/ 0.022 μF 1000 pF/0.018 μF 1000 pF / 0.015 μF 100 pF /5600 pF — SV15/SV65 0.01 μF/ 0.680 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.33 μF 0.01 μF / 0.10 μF 1000 pF/ 0.033 μF 1000 pF/0.027 μF 1000 pF / 0.022 μF 1000 pF /8200 pF 100 pF /4700 pF SV16/SV66 0.01 μF/ 1.80 μF 0.01 μF/ 1.0 μF 0.01 μF / 0.27 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.12 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.10 μF 1000 pF / 0.068 μF 1000 pF /0.027 μF 1000 pF /0.018 μF SV17/SV67 0.01 μF/ 2.20 μF 0.01 μF/ 1.2 μF 0.01 μF / 0.39 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.15 μF 0.01 μF/ 0.12 μF 1000 pF / 0.082 μF 1000 pF /0.039 μF 1000 pF /0.027 μF Note: Contact factory for other voltage ratings or values. 92 030818

High Voltage DSCC Radials AVX IS QUALIFIED TO THE FOLLOWING DSCC DRAWINGS Specification # Description Capacitance Range 87046 C0G-1000 VDC 10 pF - 0.025 μF 87043 X7R-1000 VDC 100 pF - 0.47 μF 87040 X7R-2000 VDC 100 pF - 0.22 μF 87114 C0G-3000 VDC 10 pF - 8200 pF 87047 X7R-3000 VDC 100 pF - 0.1 μF 87076 C0G-4000 VDC 10 pF - 6800 pF 89044 X7R-4000 VDC 100 pF - 0.056 μF 87077 C0G-5000 VDC 10 pF - 5600 pF 87070 X7R-5000 VDC 100 pF - 0.033 μF Group A inspection Requirement Test method Inspection paragraph of paragraph of Sampling procedure MIL-PRF-49467 MIL-PRF-49467 Subgroup 1 Thermal Shock 3.6 4.8.2.1 100% Inspection Voltage Conditioning 3.6 4.8.2.2 Subgroup 3 Visual and mechanical examination: Material 3.4 and 3.4.1 4.8.1 Physical dimensions 3.1 13 samples Interface requirements 0 failures (other than physical dimensions) 3.5 Marking 3.25 Workmanship 3.27 Subgroup 4 5 samples Solderability 3.13 4.8.9 0 failures Group B inspection* Requirement Test method Number of Number of Inspection paragraph of paragraph of sample units defectives MIL-PRF-49467 MIL-PRF-49467 to be inspected permitted Subgroup 1 Terminal strength 3.18 4.8.14 12 1 Resistance to soldering heat 3.11 4.8.7 Moisture resistance 3.19 4.8.15 Subgroup 2 1 Voltage-temperature limits** 3.14 4.8.10 6 1 Low temperature storage 3.23 4.8.19 Marking legibility 3.25.1 4.8.1.1 Subgroup 3 4 1 Resistance to solvents 3.21 4.8.17 Subgroup 4 10 1 Life (at elevated ambient temperature) 3.22 4.8.18 *Customers may accept at their discretion, a certificate of compliance with group B requirements in lieu of performing group B tests. **For Steps E, F & G in Table VII of MIL-PRF-49467, 500 Vdc shall be applied. 030818 93