MC68HC908JL8 MC68HC908JK8 MC68HC908KL8 MC68HC08JL8 MC68HC08JK8 Data Sheet M68HC08 Microcontrollers MC68HC908JL8 Rev. 3.1 3/2005 freescale.com

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MC68HC908JL8 MC68HC908JK8 MC68HC908KL8 MC68HC08JL8 MC68HC08JK8 Data Sheet To provide the most up-to-date information, the revision of our documents on the World Wide Web will be the most current. Your printed copy may be an earlier revision. To verify you have the latest information available, refer to: http://www.freescale.com The following revision history table summarizes changes contained in this document. For your convenience, the page number designators have been linked to the appropriate location. Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. This product incorporates SuperFlash® technology licensed from SST. ©Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2005. All rights reserved. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 • MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 3

Revision History Revision Page Date Description Level Number(s) Added IRQ timing to Table17-5 . Control Timing (5V) and Table17-8 . Mar 2005 3.1 188, 190 Control Timing (3V) Chapter 9 Serial Communications Interface (SCI) — Corrected SCI 121–206 module clock source from OSCCLK to Bus Clock throughout. Figure13-2 . Keyboard Interrupt Block Diagram — 168 Removed incorrect Schmitt trigger in block diagram. Nov 2004 3 14.7.2 Stop Mode — STOP_ICLKDIS bit does not affect stop mode 176 conditions for COP. Replaced section with new text. Added Appendix A MC68HC08JL8 — ROM parts. 201 Added Appendix B MC68HC908KL8. 207 Nov 2002 2 First general release. — MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 4 Freescale Semiconductor

List of Chapters Chapter 1 General Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Chapter 2 Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Chapter 3 Configuration and Mask Option Registers (CONFIG & MOR). . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Chapter 4 Central Processor Unit (CPU). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Chapter 5 System Integration Module (SIM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 Chapter 6 Oscillator (OSC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 Chapter 7 Monitor ROM (MON) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Chapter 8 Timer Interface Module (TIM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105 Chapter 9 Serial Communications Interface (SCI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121 Chapter 10 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145 Chapter 11 Input/Output (I/O) Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151 Chapter 12 External Interrupt (IRQ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163 Chapter 13 Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167 Chapter 14 Computer Operating Properly (COP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 Chapter 15 Low Voltage Inhibit (LVI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 Chapter 16 Break Module (BREAK). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179 Chapter 17 Electrical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185 Chapter 18 Mechanical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195 Chapter 19 Ordering Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199 Appendix A MC68HC08JL8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201 Appendix B MC68HC908KL8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 5

List of Chapters MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 6 Freescale Semiconductor

Table of Contents Chapter 1 General Description 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1.3 MCU Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 1.4 Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.5 Pin Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Chapter 2 Memory 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.2 I/O Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.3 Monitor ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.4 Random-Access Memory (RAM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.5 FLASH Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.6 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.7 FLASH Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.8 FLASH Page Erase Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.9 FLASH Mass Erase Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.10 FLASH Program Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.11 FLASH Block Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 2.12 FLASH Block Protect Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Chapter 3 Configuration and Mask Option Registers (CONFIG & MOR) 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3.2 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3.3 Configuration Register 1 (CONFIG1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.4 Configuration Register 2 (CONFIG2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.5 Mask Option Register (MOR). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Chapter 4 Central Processor Unit (CPU) 4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.3 CPU Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.3.1 Accumulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.3.2 Index Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.3.3 Stack Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 7

Table of Contents 4.3.4 Program Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.3.5 Condition Code Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 4.4 Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 4.5 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 4.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 4.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 4.6 CPU During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.7 Instruction Set Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.8 Opcode Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Chapter 5 System Integration Module (SIM) 5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5.2 SIM Bus Clock Control and Generation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.2.1 Bus Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.2.2 Clock Start-Up from POR or LVI Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.2.3 Clocks in Stop Mode and Wait Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.3 Reset and System Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 5.3.1 External Pin Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 5.3.2 Active Resets from Internal Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 5.3.2.1 Power-On Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 5.3.2.2 Computer Operating Properly (COP) Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 5.3.2.3 Illegal Opcode Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 5.3.2.4 Illegal Address Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 5.3.2.5 Low-Voltage Inhibit (LVI) Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 5.4 SIM Counter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.4.1 SIM Counter During Power-On Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.4.2 SIM Counter During Stop Mode Recovery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.4.3 SIM Counter and Reset States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.5 Exception Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.5.1 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.5.1.1 Hardware Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 5.5.1.2 SWI Instruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5.5.2 Interrupt Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5.5.2.1 Interrupt Status Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 5.5.2.2 Interrupt Status Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.5.2.3 Interrupt Status Register 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.5.3 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.5.4 Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.5.5 Status Flag Protection in Break Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.6 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.6.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.6.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.7 SIM Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.7.1 Break Status Register (BSR). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.7.2 Reset Status Register (RSR). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.7.3 Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 8 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 6 Oscillator (OSC) 6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 6.2 Oscillator Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 6.2.1 XTAL Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 6.2.2 RC Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 6.3 Internal Oscillator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 6.4 I/O Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.4.1 Crystal Amplifier Input Pin (OSC1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.4.2 Crystal Amplifier Output Pin (OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.4.3 Oscillator Enable Signal (SIMOSCEN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.4.4 XTAL Oscillator Clock (XTALCLK). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.4.5 RC Oscillator Clock (RCCLK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.4.6 Oscillator Out 2 (2OSCOUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.4.7 Oscillator Out (OSCOUT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 6.4.8 Internal Oscillator Clock (ICLK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 6.5 Low Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 6.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 6.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 6.6 Oscillator During Break Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Chapter 7 Monitor ROM (MON) 7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7.3 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7.3.1 Entering Monitor Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 7.3.2 Baud Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 7.3.3 Data Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 7.3.4 Echoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 7.3.5 Break Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 7.3.6 Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 7.4 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 7.5 ROM-Resident Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 7.5.1 PRGRNGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 7.5.2 ERARNGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 7.5.3 LDRNGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 7.5.4 MON_PRGRNGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.5.5 MON_ERARNGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.5.6 MON_LDRNGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 7.5.7 EE_WRITE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 7.5.8 EE_READ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 9

Table of Contents Chapter 8 Timer Interface Module (TIM) 8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 8.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 8.3 Pin Name Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 8.4 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 8.4.1 TIM Counter Prescaler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 8.4.2 Input Capture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 8.4.3 Output Compare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 8.4.3.1 Unbuffered Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 8.4.3.2 Buffered Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 8.4.4 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 8.4.4.1 Unbuffered PWM Signal Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 8.4.4.2 Buffered PWM Signal Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 8.4.4.3 PWM Initialization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 8.5 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.6 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.6.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.6.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.7 TIM During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 8.8 I/O Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 8.8.1 TIM Clock Pin (ADC12/T2CLK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 8.8.2 TIM Channel I/O Pins (PTD4/T1CH0, PTD5/T1CH1, PTE0/T2CH0, PTE1/T2CH1). . . . . 113 8.9 I/O Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 8.9.1 TIM Status and Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 8.9.2 TIM Counter Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 8.9.3 TIM Counter Modulo Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 8.9.4 TIM Channel Status and Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 8.9.5 TIM Channel Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Chapter 9 Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 9.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 9.3 Pin Name Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 9.4 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 9.4.1 Data Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 9.4.2 Transmitter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 9.4.2.1 Character Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 9.4.2.2 Character Transmission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 9.4.2.3 Break Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 9.4.2.4 Idle Characters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 9.4.2.5 Inversion of Transmitted Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 9.4.2.6 Transmitter Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 9.4.3 Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 9.4.3.1 Character Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 10 Freescale Semiconductor

9.4.3.2 Character Reception. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 9.4.3.3 Data Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 9.4.3.4 Framing Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 9.4.3.5 Baud Rate Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 9.4.3.6 Receiver Wakeup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 9.4.3.7 Receiver Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 9.4.3.8 Error Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 9.5 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 9.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 9.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 9.6 SCI During Break Module Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 9.7 I/O Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 9.7.1 TxD (Transmit Data). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 9.7.2 RxD (Receive Data). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 9.8 I/O Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 9.8.1 SCI Control Register 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 9.8.2 SCI Control Register 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 9.8.3 SCI Control Register 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 9.8.4 SCI Status Register 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 9.8.5 SCI Status Register 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 9.8.6 SCI Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 9.8.7 SCI Baud Rate Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Chapter 10 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) 10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 10.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 10.3 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 10.3.1 ADC Port I/O Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 10.3.2 Voltage Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10.3.3 Conversion Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10.3.4 Continuous Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10.3.5 Accuracy and Precision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10.4 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10.5 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 10.6 I/O Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 10.6.1 ADC Voltage In (ADCVIN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 10.7 I/O Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 10.7.1 ADC Status and Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 10.7.2 ADC Data Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 10.7.3 ADC Input Clock Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 11

Table of Contents Chapter 11 Input/Output (I/O) Ports 11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 11.2 Port A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 11.2.1 Port A Data Register (PTA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 11.2.2 Data Direction Register A (DDRA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 11.2.3 Port A Input Pull-Up Enable Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 11.3 Port B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 11.3.1 Port B Data Register (PTB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 11.3.2 Data Direction Register B (DDRB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 11.4 Port D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 11.4.1 Port D Data Register (PTD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 11.4.2 Data Direction Register D (DDRD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 11.4.3 Port D Control Register (PDCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 11.5 Port E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 11.5.1 Port E Data Register (PTE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 11.5.2 Data Direction Register E (DDRE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Chapter 12 External Interrupt (IRQ) 12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 12.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 12.3 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 12.3.1 IRQ Pin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 12.4 IRQ Module During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 12.5 IRQ Status and Control Register (INTSCR). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Chapter 13 Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI) 13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 13.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 13.3 I/O Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 13.4 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 13.4.1 Keyboard Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 13.5 Keyboard Interrupt Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 13.5.1 Keyboard Status and Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 13.5.2 Keyboard Interrupt Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 13.6 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 13.6.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 13.6.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 13.7 Keyboard Module During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Chapter 14 Computer Operating Properly (COP) 14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 14.2 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 12 Freescale Semiconductor

14.3 I/O Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14.3.1 ICLK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14.3.2 COPCTL Write. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14.3.3 Power-On Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14.3.4 Internal Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14.3.5 Reset Vector Fetch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14.3.6 COPD (COP Disable). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14.3.7 COPRS (COP Rate Select) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 14.4 COP Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 14.5 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 14.6 Monitor Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 14.7 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 14.7.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 14.7.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 14.8 COP Module During Break Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Chapter 15 Low Voltage Inhibit (LVI) 15.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 15.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 15.3 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 15.4 LVI Control Register (CONFIG2/CONFIG1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 15.5 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 15.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 15.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Chapter 16 Break Module (BREAK) 16.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 16.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 16.3 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 16.3.1 Flag Protection During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 16.3.2 CPU During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 16.3.3 TIM During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 16.3.4 COP During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 16.4 Break Module Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 16.4.1 Break Status and Control Register (BRKSCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 16.4.2 Break Address Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 16.4.3 Break Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 16.4.4 Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 16.5 Low-Power Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 16.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 16.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 13

Table of Contents Chapter 17 Electrical Specifications 17.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 17.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 17.3 Functional Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 17.4 Thermal Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 17.5 5V DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 17.6 5V Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 17.7 5V Oscillator Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 17.8 3V DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 17.9 3V Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 17.10 3V Oscillator Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 17.11 Typical Supply Currents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 17.12 Timer Interface Module Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 17.13 ADC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 17.14 Memory Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Chapter 18 Mechanical Specifications 18.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 18.2 20-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package (PDIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 18.3 20-Pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit Package (SOIC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 18.4 28-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package (PDIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 18.5 28-Pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit Package (SOIC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 18.6 32-Pin Shrink Dual In-Line Package (SDIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 18.7 32-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flat Pack (LQFP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Chapter 19 Ordering Information 19.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 19.2 MC Order Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Appendix A MC68HC08JL8 A.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 A.2 MCU Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 A.3 Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 A.4 Reserved Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 A.5 Mask Option Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 A.6 Monitor ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 A.7 Electrical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 A.7.1 DC Electrical Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 A.8 Memory Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 A.9 MC68HC08JL8 Order Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 14 Freescale Semiconductor

Appendix B MC68HC908KL8 B.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 B.2 MCU Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 B.3 Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 B.4 Reserved Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 B.5 Reserved Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 B.6 MC68HC908KL8 Order Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 15

Table of Contents MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 16 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 1 General Description 1.1 Introduction The MC68HC908JL8 is a member of the low-cost, high-performance M68HC08 Family of 8-bit microcontroller units (MCUs). All MCUs in the family use the enhanced M68HC08 central processor unit (CPU08) and are available with a variety of modules, memory sizes and types, and package types. Table 1-1. Summary of Devices Generic Part Description Pin Count MC68HC908JL8 FLASH part 28 or 32 MC68HC908JK8 FLASH part 20 MC68HC08JL8 ROM part for MC68HC908JL8 28 or 32 MC68HC08JK8 ROM part for MC68HC908JK8 20 MC68HC908KL8 ADC-less MC68HC908JL8 28 or 32 1.2 Features Features of the MC68HC908JL8 include the following: (cid:127) High-performance M68HC08 architecture (cid:127) Fully upward-compatible object code with M6805, M146805, and M68HC05 Families (cid:127) Low-power design; fully static with stop and wait modes (cid:127) Maximum internal bus frequency: – 8-MHz at 5V operating voltage – 4-MHz at 3V operating voltage (cid:127) Oscillator options: – Crystal or resonator – RC oscillator (cid:127) 8,192 bytes user program FLASH memory with security(1) feature (cid:127) 256 bytes of on-chip RAM (cid:127) Two 16-bit, 2-channel timer interface modules (TIM1 and TIM2) with selectable input capture, output compare, and PWM capability on each channel; external clock input option on TIM2 (cid:127) 13-channel, 8-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) (cid:127) Serial communications interface module (SCI) (cid:127) 26 general-purpose input/output (I/O) ports: – 8 keyboard interrupt with internal pull-up 1. No security feature is absolutely secure. However, Motorola’s strategy is to make reading or copying the FLASH difficult for unauthorized users. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 17

General Description – 11 LED drivers (sink) – 2 × 25mA open-drain I/O with pull-up (cid:127) Resident routines for in-circuit programming and EEPROM emulation (cid:127) System protection features: – Optional computer operating properly (COP) reset, driven by internal RC oscillator – Optional low-voltage detection with reset and selectable trip points for 3V and 5V operation – Illegal opcode detection with reset – Illegal address detection with reset (cid:127) Master reset pin with internal pull-up and power-on reset (cid:127) IRQ with schmitt-trigger input and programmable pull-up (cid:127) 20-pin dual in-line package (PDIP), 20-pin small outline integrated package (SOIC), 28-pin PDIP, 28-pin SOIC, 32-pin shrink dual in-line package (SDIP), and 32-pin low-profile quad flat pack (LQFP) (cid:127) Specific features of the MC68HC908JL8 in 28-pin packages are: – 23 general-purpose I/Os only – 7 keyboard interrupt with internal pull-up – 10 LED drivers (sink) – 12-channel ADC – Timer I/O pins on TIM1 only (cid:127) Specific features of the MC68HC908JL8 in 20-pin packages are: – 15 general-purpose I/Os only – 1 keyboard interrupt with internal pull-up – 4 LED drivers (sink) – 10-channel ADC – Timer I/O pins on TIM1 only Features of the CPU08 include the following: (cid:127) Enhanced HC05 programming model (cid:127) Extensive loop control functions (cid:127) 16 addressing modes (eight more than the HC05) (cid:127) 16-bit index register and stack pointer (cid:127) Memory-to-memory data transfers (cid:127) Fast 8 × 8 multiply instruction (cid:127) Fast 16/8 divide instruction (cid:127) Binary-coded decimal (BCD) instructions (cid:127) Optimization for controller applications (cid:127) Efficient C language support 1.3 MCU Block Diagram Figure 1-1 shows the structure of the MC68HC908JL8. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 18 Freescale Semiconductor

MCU Block Diagram INTERNAL BUS M68HC08 CPU PTA7/KBI7**‡ # KEYBOARD INTERRUPT CPU ARITHMETIC/LOGIC MODULE PTA6/KBI6**¥ REGISTERS UNIT (ALU) PTA5/KBI5**‡ CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTERS — 64 BYTES 8-BCIOT NAVNEARLTOEGR-T MOO-DDIUGLITEAL DDRA PORTA PPPTTTAAA432///KKKBBBIII432******‡‡‡ ## PTA1/KBI1**‡ USER FLASH — 8,192 BYTES PTA0/KBI0**‡ 2-CHANNEL TIMER INTERFACE MODULE 1 PTB7/ADC7 USER RAM — 256 BYTES PTB6/ADC6 2-CHANNEL TIMER INTERFACE PTB5/ADC5 MONITOR ROM — 959 BYTES MODULE 2 DDRB PORTB PPTTBB43//AADDCC43 PTB2/ADC2 USER FLASH VECTORS — 36 BYTES BREAK PTB1/ADC1 MODULE PTB0/ADC0 ADC12/T2CLK # CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR OSC1 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS PTD7/RxD**†‡ INTERFACE MODULE ¥ OSC2/RCCLK RC OSCILLATOR PTD6/TxD**†‡ PTD5/T1CH1 INTERNAL OSCILLATOR POWEMRO-DOUNL REESET DDRD PORTD PPPTTTDDD432///TAA1DDCCCH890‡‡ PTD1/ADC10 ## SYSTEM INTEGRATION LOW-VOLTAGE INHIBIT PTD0/ADC11 * RST MODULE MODULE * IRQ EXTERMNAOLD INUTLEERRUPT COMPUTER OPERATING DDRE PTE PPTTEE10//TT22CCHH10 # PROPERLY MODULE * Pin contains integrated pull-up device. VDD ** Pin contains programmable pull-up device. POWER † 25mA open-drain if output pin. VSS ‡ LED direct sink pin. ¥ Shared pin: OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6. ADC REFERENCE # Pins available on 32-pin packages only. ## Pins available on 28-pin and 32-pin packages only. Figure 1-1. MC68HC908JL8 Block Diagram MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 19

General Description 1.4 Pin Assignments K L 0 C H BI0 T2 BI7 BI5 1C VSS PTA0/K IRQ ADC12/ PTA7/K RST PTA5/K PTD4/T 32 25 OSC1 1 31 30 29 28 27 26 24 PTD5/T1CH1 OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 2 23 PTD2/ADC9 PTA1/KBI1 3 22 PTA4/KBI4 VDD 4 21 PTD3/ADC8 PTA2/KBI2 5 20 PTB0/ADC0 PTA3/KBI3 6 19 PTB1/ADC1 PTB7/ADC7 7 18 PTD1/ADC10 PTB6/ADC6 8 17 PTB2/ADC2 0 1 2 3 4 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 16 5 D D 0 1 4 1 3 DC Rx Tx CH CH DC C1 DC B5/A TD7/ TD6/ 0/T2 1/T2 B4/A 0/AD B3/A T P P E E T D T P T T P T P P P P Figure 1-2. 32-Pin LQFP Pin Assignment IRQ 1 32 ADC12/T2CLK PTA0/KBI0 2 31 PTA7/KBI7 VSS 3 30 RST OSC1 4 29 PTA5/KBI5 OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 5 28 PTD4/T1CH0 PTA1/KBI1 6 27 PTD5/T1CH1 VDD 7 26 PTD2/ADC9 PTA2/KBI2 8 25 PTA4/KBI4 PTA3/KBI3 9 24 PTD3/ADC8 PTB7/ADC7 10 23 PTB0/ADC0 PTB6/ADC6 11 22 PTB1/ADC1 PTB5/ADC5 12 21 PTD1/ADC10 PTD7/RxD 13 20 PTB2/ADC2 PTD6/TxD 14 19 PTB3/ADC3 PTE0/T2CH0 15 18 PTD0/ADC11 PTE1/T2CH1 16 17 PTB4/ADC4 Figure 1-3. 32-Pin SDIP Pin Assignment MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 20 Freescale Semiconductor

Pin Functions IRQ 1 28 RST PTA0/KBI0 2 27 PTA5/KBI5 VSS 3 26 PTD4/T1CH0 OSC1 4 25 PTD5/T1CH1 OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 5 24 PTD2/ADC9 PTA1/KBI1 6 23 PTA4/KBI4 VDD 7 22 PTD3/ADC8 PTA2/KBI2 8 21 PTB0/ADC0 PTA3/KBI3 9 20 PTB1/ADC1 Pins not available on 28-pin packages PTB7/ADC7 10 19 PTD1/ADC10 PTE0/T2CH0 PTB6/ADC6 11 18 PTB2/ADC2 PTE1/T2CH1 PTB5/ADC5 12 17 PTB3/ADC3 PTD7/RxD 13 16 PTD0/ADC11 ADC12/T2CLK PTD6/TxD 14 15 PTB4/ADC4 PTA7/KBI7 Internal pads are unconnected. Set these unused port I/Os to output low. Figure 1-4. 28-Pin PDIP/SOIC Pin Assignment IRQ 1 20 RST VSS 2 19 PTD4/T1CH0 Pins not available on 20-pin packages OSC1 3 18 PTD5/T1CH1 PTA0/KBI0 PTD0/ADC11 OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 4 17 PTD2/ADC9 PTA1/KBI1 PTD1/ADC10 VDD 5 16 PTD3/ADC8 PTA2/KBI2 PTB7/ADC7 6 15 PTB0/ADC0 PTA3/KBI3 PTE0/T2CH0 PTB6/ADC6 7 14 PTB1/ADC1 PTA4/KBI4 PTE1/T2CH1 PTB5/ADC5 8 13 PTB2/ADC2 PTA5/KBI5 PTD7/RxD 9 12 PTB3/ADC3 ADC12/T2CLK PTD6/TxD 10 11 PTB4/ADC4 PTA7/KBI7 Internal pads are unconnected. Set these unused port I/Os to output low. The 20-pin MC68HC908JL8 is designated MC68HC908JK8. Figure 1-5. 20-Pin PDIP/SOIC Pin Assignment 1.5 Pin Functions Description of the pin functions are provided in Table 1-2. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 21

General Description Table 1-2. Pin Functions VOLTAGE PIN NAME PIN DESCRIPTION IN/OUT LEVEL VDD Power supply. In 5V or 3V VSS Power supply ground. Out 0V Reset input, active low; RST In/Out VDD with internal pull-up and schmitt trigger input. External IRQ pin; with programmable internal pull-up and schmitt In VDD trigger input. IRQ Used for monitor mode entry. In VDD to VTST OSC1 Crystal or RC oscillator input. In VDD OSC2: crystal oscillator output; inverted OSC1 signal. Out VDD OSC2/RCCLK RCCLK: RC oscillator clock output. Out VDD Pin as PTA6/KBI6 (see PTA0–PTA7). In/Out VDD ADC12: channel-12 input of ADC. In VSS to VDD ADC12/T2CLK T2CLK: external input clock for TIM2. In VDD 8-bit general purpose I/O port. In/Out VDD Each pin has programmable internal pull-up when configured as In VDD input. PTA0–PTA7 Pins as keyboard interrupts, KBI0–KBI7. In VDD PTA0–PTA5 and PTA7 have LED direct sink capability. Out VSS PTA6 as OSC2/RCCLK. Out VDD 8-bit general purpose I/O port. In/Out VDD PTB0–PTB7 Pins as ADC input channels, ADC0–ADC7. In VSS to VDD 8-bit general purpose I/O port; In/Out VDD with programmable internal pull-ups on PTD6–PTD7. PTD0–PTD3 as ADC input channels, ADC11–ADC8. Input VSS to VDD PTD2–PTD3 and PTD6–PTD7 have LED direct sink capability Out VSS PTD4 as T1CH0 of TIM1. In/Out VDD PTD0–PTD7 PTD5 as T1CH1 of TIM1. In/Out VDD PTD6–PTD7 have configurable 25mA open-drain output. Out VSS PTD6 as TxD of SCI. Out VDD PTD7 as RxD of SCI. In VDD MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 22 Freescale Semiconductor

Pin Functions Table 1-2. Pin Functions (Continued) VOLTAGE PIN NAME PIN DESCRIPTION IN/OUT LEVEL 2-bit general purpose I/O port. In/Out VDD PTE0–PTE1 PTE0 as T2CH0 of TIM2. In/Out VDD PTE1 as T2CH1 of TIM2. In/Out VDD NOTE Devices in 28-pin packages, the following pins are not available: PTA7/KBI7, PTE0/T2CH0, PTE1/T2CH1, and ADC12/T2CLK. Devices in 20-pin packages, the following pins are not available: PTA0/KBI0–PTA5/KBI5, PTD0/ADC11, PTD1/ADC10, PTA7/KBI7, PTE0/T2CH0, PTE1/T2CH1, and ADC12/T2CLK. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 23

General Description MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 24 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 2 Memory 2.1 Introduction The CPU08 can address 64-kbytes of memory space. The memory map, shown in Figure 2-1, includes: (cid:127) 8,192 bytes of user FLASH memory (cid:127) 36 bytes of user-defined vectors (cid:127) 959 bytes of monitor ROM 2.2 I/O Section Addresses $0000–$003F, shown in Figure 2-2, contain most of the control, status, and data registers. Additional I/O registers have the following addresses: (cid:127) $FE00; Break Status Register, BSR (cid:127) $FE01; Reset Status Register, RSR (cid:127) $FE02; Reserved (cid:127) $FE03; Break Flag Control Register, BFCR (cid:127) $FE04; Interrupt Status Register 1, INT1 (cid:127) $FE05; Interrupt Status Register 2, INT2 (cid:127) $FE06; Interrupt Status Register 3, INT3 (cid:127) $FE07; Reserved (cid:127) $FE08; FLASH Control Register, FLCR (cid:127) $FE09; Reserved (cid:127) $FE0A; Reserved (cid:127) $FE0B; Reserved (cid:127) $FE0C; Break Address Register High, BRKH (cid:127) $FE0D; Break Address Register Low, BRKL (cid:127) $FE0E; Break Status and Control Register, BRKSCR (cid:127) $FE0F; Reserved (cid:127) $FFCF; FLASH Block Protect Register, FLBPR (FLASH register) (cid:127) $FFD0; Mask Option Register, MOR (FLASH register) (cid:127) $FFFF; COP Control Register, COPCTL 2.3 Monitor ROM The 959 bytes at addresses $FC00–$FDFF and $FE10–$FFCE are reserved ROM addresses that contain the instructions for the monitor functions. (See Chapter 7 Monitor ROM (MON).) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 25

Memory $0000 I/O REGISTERS ↓ 64 BYTES $003F $0040 RESERVED ↓ 32 BYTES $005F $0060 RAM ↓ 256 BYTES $015F $0160 UNIMPLEMENTED ↓ 55,968 BYTES $DBFF $DC00 FLASH MEMORY ↓ 8,192 BYTES $FBFF $FC00 MONITOR ROM ↓ 512 BYTES $FDFF $FE00 BREAK STATUS REGISTER (BSR) $FE01 RESET STATUS REGISTER (RSR) $FE02 RESERVED $FE03 BREAK FLAG CONTROL REGISTER (BFCR) $FE04 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER 1 (INT1) $FE05 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER 2 (INT2) $FE06 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER 3 (INT3) $FE07 RESERVED $FE08 FLASH CONTROL REGISTER (FLCR) $FE09 ↓ RESERVED $FF0B $FE0C BREAK ADDRESS HIGH REGISTER (BRKH) $FE0D BREAK ADDRESS LOW REGISTER (BRKL) $FE0E BREAK STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (BRKSCR) $FE0F RESERVED $FE10 MONITOR ROM ↓ 447 BYTES $FFCE $FFCF FLASH BLOCK PROTECT REGISTER (FLBPR) $FFD0 MASK OPTION REGISTER (MOR) $FFD1 RESERVED ↓ 11 BYTES $FFDB $FFDC USER FLASH VECTORS ↓ 36 BYTES $FFFF Figure 2-1. Memory Map MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 26 Freescale Semiconductor

Monitor ROM Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTA7 PTA6 PTA5 PTA4 PTA3 PTA2 PTA1 PTA0 $0000 Port A Data Register (PTA) Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: PTB7 PTB6 PTB5 PTB4 PTB3 PTB2 PTB1 PTB0 $0001 Port B Data Register (PTB) Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: $0002 Unimplemented Write: Read: PTD7 PTD6 PTD5 PTD4 PTD3 PTD2 PTD1 PTD0 $0003 Port D Data Register (PTD) Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: Data Direction Register A DDRA7 DDRA6 DDRA5 DDRA4 DDRA3 DDRA2 DDRA1 DDRA0 $0004 Write: (DDRA) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: Data Direction Register B DDRB7 DDRB6 DDRB5 DDRB4 DDRB3 DDRB2 DDRB1 DDRB0 $0005 Write: (DDRB) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: $0006 Unimplemented Write: Read: Data Direction Register D DDRD7 DDRD6 DDRD5 DDRD4 DDRD3 DDRD2 DDRD1 DDRD0 $0007 Write: (DDRD) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: Port E Data Register PTE1 PTE0 $0008 Write: (PTE) Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: $0009 Unimplemented Write: Read: 0 0 0 0 Port D Control Register SLOWD7 SLOWD6 PTDPU7 PTDPU6 $000A Write: (PDCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: $000B Unimplemented Write: Read: Data Direction Register E DDRE1 DDRE0 $000C Write: (DDRE) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port A Input Pull-up Read: PTA6EN PTAPUE6 PTAPUE5 PTAPUE4 PTAPUE3 PTAPUE2 PTAPUE1 PTAPUE0 $000D Enable Register Write: (PTAPUE) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PTA7 Input Pull-up Read: PTAPUE7 $000E Enable Register Write: (PTA7PUE) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $000F Read: ↓ Unimplemented Write: $0012 U=Unaffected X=Indeterminate =Unimplemented R =Reserved Figure 2-2. Control, Status, and Data Registers (Sheet 1 of 5) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 27

Memory Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SCI Control Register 1 LOOPS ENSCI TXINV M WAKE ILTY PEN PTY $0013 Write: (SCC1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: SCI Control Register 2 SCTIE TCIE SCRIE ILIE TE RE RWU SBK $0014 Write: (SCC2) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: R8 SCI Control Register 3 T8 DMARE DMATE ORIE NEIE FEIE PEIE $0015 Write: (SCC3) Reset: U U 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: SCTE TC SCRF IDLE OR NF FE PE $0016 SCI Status Register 1 (SCS1) Write: Reset: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: BKF RPF $0017 SCI Status Register 2 (SCS2) Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 SCI Data Register $0018 Write: T7 T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 T0 (SCDR) Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: SCI Baud Rate Register SCP1 SCP0 R SCR2 SCR1 SCR0 $0019 Write: (SCBR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Keyboard Status and Read: 0 0 0 0 KEYF 0 IMASKK MODEK $001A Control Register Write: ACKK (KBSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Keyboard Interrupt Read: KBIE7 KBIE6 KBIE5 KBIE4 KBIE3 KBIE2 KBIE1 KBIE0 $001B Enable Register Write: (KBIER) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: $001C Unimplemented Write: IRQ Status and Control Read: 0 0 0 0 IRQF 0 IMASK MODE $001D Register Write: ACK (INTSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: STOP_ Configuration Register 2 IRQPUD R R LVIT1 LVIT0 R R $001E Write: ICLKDIS (CONFIG2)† Reset: 0 0 0 0* 0* 0 0 0 Read: Configuration Register 1 COPRS R R LVID R SSREC STOP COPD $001F Write: (CONFIG1)† Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 † One-time writable register after each reset. * LVIT1 and LVIT0 reset to logic 0 by a power-on reset (POR) only. TIM1 Status and Control Read: TOF 0 0 TOIE TSTOP PS2 PS1 PS0 $0020 Register Write: 0 TRST (T1SC) Reset: 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 TIM1 Counter Register Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0021 High Write: (T1CNTH) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U=Unaffected X=Indeterminate =Unimplemented R =Reserved Figure 2-2. Control, Status, and Data Registers (Sheet 2 of 5) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 28 Freescale Semiconductor

Monitor ROM Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 TIM1 Counter Register Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0022 Low Write: (T1CNTL) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM Counter Modulo Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0023 Register High Write: (TMODH) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TIM1 Counter Modulo Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0024 Register Low Write: (T1MODL) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TIM1 Channel 0 Status Read: CH0F CH0IE MS0B MS0A ELS0B ELS0A TOV0 CH0MAX $0025 and Control Register Write: 0 (T1SC0) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM1 Channel 0 Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0026 Register High Write: (T1CH0H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM1 Channel 0 Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0027 Register Low Write: (T1CH0L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM1 Channel 1 Status Read: CH1F 0 CH1IE MS1A ELS1B ELS1A TOV1 CH1MAX $0028 and Control Register Write: 0 (T1SC1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM1 Channel 1 Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0029 Register High Write: (T1CH1H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM1 Channel 1 Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $002A Register Low Write: (T1CH1L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset $002B Read: ↓ Unimplemented Write: $002F TIM2 Status and Control Read: TOF 0 0 TOIE TSTOP PS2 PS1 PS0 $0030 Register Write: 0 TRST (T2SC) Reset: 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Counter Register Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0031 High Write: (T2CNTH) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Counter Register Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0032 Low Write: (T2CNTL) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Counter Modulo Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0033 Register High Write: (T2MODH) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TIM2 Counter Modulo Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0034 Register Low Write: (T2MODL) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 U=Unaffected X=Indeterminate =Unimplemented R =Reserved Figure 2-2. Control, Status, and Data Registers (Sheet 3 of 5) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 29

Memory Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 TIM2 Channel 0 Status Read: CH0F CH0IE MS0B MS0A ELS0B ELS0A TOV0 CH0MAX $0035 and Control Register Write: 0 (T2SC0) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Channel 0 Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0036 Register High Write: (T2CH0H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM2 Channel 0 Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0037 Register Low Write: (T2CH0L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM2 Channel 1 Status Read: CH1F 0 CH1IE MS1A ELS1B ELS1A TOV1 CH1MAX $0038 and Control Register Write: 0 (T2SC1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Channel 1 Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $0039 Register High Write: (T2CH1H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM2 Channel 1 Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $003A Register Low Write: (T2CH1L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset Read: $003B Unimplemented Write: ADC Status and Control Read: COCO AIEN ADCO ADCH4 ADCH3 ADCH2 ADCH1 ADCH0 $003C Register Write: (ADSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 Read: AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 ADC Data Register $003D Write: (ADR) Reset: Indeterminate after reset Read: 0 0 0 0 0 ADC Input Clock Register ADIV2 ADIV1 ADIV0 $003E Write: (ADICLK) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: $003F Unimplemented Write: Read: SBSW R R R R R R R $FE00 Break Status Register (BSR) Write: See note Reset: 0 Note: Writing a logic 0 clears SBSW. Read: POR PIN COP ILOP ILAD MODRST LVI 0 $FE01 Reset Status Register (RSR) Write: POR: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: R R R R R R R R $FE02 Reserved Write: Break Flag Control Read: BCFE R R R R R R R $FE03 Register Write: (BFCR) Reset: 0 U=Unaffected X=Indeterminate =Unimplemented R =Reserved Figure 2-2. Control, Status, and Data Registers (Sheet 4 of 5) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 30 Freescale Semiconductor

Monitor ROM Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: IF6 IF5 IF4 IF3 0 IF1 0 0 Interrupt Status Register1 $FE04 Write: R R R R R R R R (INT1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: IF14 IF13 IF12 IF11 0 0 IF8 IF7 Interrupt Status Register2 $FE05 Write: R R R R R R R R (INT2) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IF15 Interrupt Status Register 3 $FE06 Write: R R R R R R R R (INT3) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: R R R R R R R R $FE07 Reserved Write: Read: 0 0 0 0 FLASH Control Register HVEN MASS ERASE PGM $FE08 Write: (FLCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $FE09 Read: R R R R R R R R ↓ Reserved Write: $FE0B Break Address High Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $FE0C Register Write: (BRKH) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Break Address low Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $FE0D Register Write: (BRKL) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Break Status and Control Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 BRKE BRKA $FE0E Register Write: (BRKSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FLASH Block Protect Read: BPR7 BPR6 BPR5 BPR4 BPR3 BPR2 BPR1 BPR0 $FFCF Register Write: (FLBPR)# Reset: Unaffected by reset; $FF when blank Read: Mask Option Register OSCSEL R R R R R R R $FFD0 Write: (MOR)# Reset: Unaffected by reset; $FF when blank # Non-volatile FLASH registers; write by programming. Read: Low byte of reset vector COP Control Register $FFFF Write: Writing clears COP counter (any value) (COPCTL) Reset: Unaffected by reset U=Unaffected X=Indeterminate =Unimplemented R =Reserved Figure 2-2. Control, Status, and Data Registers (Sheet 5 of 5) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 31

Memory Table 2-1. Vect.or Addresses Vector Priority INT Flag Address Vector Lowest $FFD0 — ↓ Not Used $FFDD $FFDE ADC Conversion Complete Vector (High) IF15 $FFDF ADC Conversion Complete Vector (Low) $FFE0 Keyboard Interrupt Vector (High) IF14 $FFE1 Keyboard Interrupt Vector (Low) $FFE2 SCI Transmit Vector (High) IF13 $FFE3 SCI Transmit Vector (Low) $FFE4 SCI Receive Vector (High) IF12 $FFE5 SCI Receive Vector (Low) $FFE6 SCI Error Vector (High) IF11 $FFE7 SCI Error Vector (Low) IF10 ↓ — Not Used IF9 $FFEC TIM2 Overflow Vector (High) IF8 $FFED TIM2 Overflow Vector (Low) $FFEE TIM2 Channel 1 Vector (High) IF7 $FFEF TIM2 Channel 1 Vector (Low) $FFF0 TIM2 Channel 0 Vector (High) IF6 $FFF1 TIM2 Channel 0 Vector (Low) $FFF2 TIM1 Overflow Vector (High) IF5 $FFF3 TIM1 Overflow Vector (Low) $FFF4 TIM1 Channel 1 Vector (High) IF4 $FFF5 TIM1 Channel 1 Vector (Low) $FFF6 TIM1 Channel 0 Vector (High) IF3 $FFF7 TIM1 Channel 0 Vector (Low) IF2 — Not Used $FFFA IRQ Vector (High) IF1 $FFFB IRQ Vector (Low) $FFFC SWI Vector (High) — $FFFD SWI Vector (Low) $FFFE Reset Vector (High) — $FFFF Reset Vector (Low) Highest MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 32 Freescale Semiconductor

Random-Access Memory (RAM) 2.4 Random-Access Memory (RAM) Addresses $0060 through $015F are RAM locations. The location of the stack RAM is programmable. The 16-bit stack pointer allows the stack to be anywhere in the 64-Kbyte memory space. NOTE For correct operation, the stack pointer must point only to RAM locations. Within page zero are 160 bytes of RAM. Because the location of the stack RAM is programmable, all page zero RAM locations can be used for I/O control and user data or code. When the stack pointer is moved from its reset location at $00FF, direct addressing mode instructions can access efficiently all page zero RAM locations. Page zero RAM, therefore, provides ideal locations for frequently accessed global variables. Before processing an interrupt, the CPU uses five bytes of the stack to save the contents of the CPU registers. NOTE For M6805 compatibility, the H register is not stacked. During a subroutine call, the CPU uses two bytes of the stack to store the return address. The stack pointer decrements during pushes and increments during pulls. NOTE Be careful when using nested subroutines. The CPU may overwrite data in the RAM during a subroutine or during the interrupt stacking operation. 2.5 FLASH Memory This sub-section describes the operation of the embedded FLASH memory. The FLASH memory can be read, programmed, and erased from a single external supply. The program and erase operations are enabled through the use of an internal charge pump. 2.6 Functional Description The FLASH memory consists of an array of 8,192 bytes for user memory plus a block of 36 bytes for user interrupt vectors. An erased bit reads as logic 1 and a programmed bit reads as a logic 0. The FLASH memory page size is defined as 64 bytes, and is the minimum size that can be erased in a page erase operation. Program and erase operations are facilitated through control bits in FLASH control register (FLCR). The address ranges for the FLASH memory are: (cid:127) $DC00–$FBFF; user memory; 12,288 bytes (cid:127) $FFDC–$FFFF; user interrupt vectors; 36 bytes Programming tools are available from Freescale. Contact your local Freescale representative for more information. NOTE A security feature prevents viewing of the FLASH contents.(1) 1. No security feature is absolutely secure. However, Motorola’s strategy is to make reading or copying the FLASH difficult for unauthorized users. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 33

Memory 2.7 FLASH Control Register The FLASH control register (FCLR) controls FLASH program and erase operations. Address: $FE08 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 HVEN MASS ERASE PGM Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 2-3. FLASH Control Register (FLCR) HVEN — High Voltage Enable Bit This read/write bit enables the charge pump to drive high voltages for program and erase operations in the array. HVEN can only be set if either PGM = 1 or ERASE = 1 and the proper sequence for program or erase is followed. 1 = High voltage enabled to array and charge pump on 0 = High voltage disabled to array and charge pump off MASS — Mass Erase Control Bit This read/write bit configures the memory for mass erase operation or page erase operation when the ERASE bit is set. 1 = Mass erase operation selected 0 = Page erase operation selected ERASE — Erase Control Bit This read/write bit configures the memory for erase operation. ERASE is interlocked with the PGM bit such that both bits cannot be equal to 1 or set to 1 at the same time. 1 = Erase operation selected 0 = Erase operation not selected PGM — Program Control Bit This read/write bit configures the memory for program operation. PGM is interlocked with the ERASE bit such that both bits cannot be equal to 1 or set to 1 at the same time. 1 = Program operation selected 0 = Program operation not selected 2.8 FLASH Page Erase Operation Use the following procedure to erase a page of FLASH memory. A page consists of 64 consecutive bytes starting from addresses $XX00, $XX40, $XX80 or $XXC0. The 36-byte user interrupt vectors area also forms a page. Any page within the 8,192 bytes user memory area ($DC00–$FBFF) can be erased alone. The 36-byte user interrupt vectors cannot be erased by the page erase operation because of security reasons. Mass erase is required to erase this page. 1. Set the ERASE bit and clear the MASS bit in the FLASH control register. 2. Read the FLASH block protect register. 3. Write any data to any FLASH address within the page address range desired. 4. Wait for a time, t (10µs). nvs 5. Set the HVEN bit. 6. Wait for a time t (4ms). erase MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 34 Freescale Semiconductor

FLASH Mass Erase Operation 7. Clear the ERASE bit. 8. Wait for a time, t (5µs). nvh 9. Clear the HVEN bit. 10. After time, t (1µs) the memory can be accessed in read mode again. rcv , NOTE Programming and erasing of FLASH locations cannot be performed by code being executed from the FLASH memory. While these operations must be performed in the order as shown, but other unrelated operations may occur between the steps. 2.9 FLASH Mass Erase Operation Use the following procedure to erase the entire FLASH memory: 1. Set both the ERASE bit and the MASS bit in the FLASH control register. 2. Read the FLASH block protect register. 3. Write any data to any FLASH location within the FLASH memory address range. 4. Wait for a time, t (10µs). nvs 5. Set the HVEN bit. 6. Wait for a time t (4ms). merase 7. Clear the ERASE bit. 8. Wait for a time, t (100µs). nvh1 9. Clear the HVEN bit. 10. After time, t (1µs) the memory can be accessed in read mode again. rcv , NOTE Programming and erasing of FLASH locations cannot be performed by code being executed from the FLASH memory. While these operations must be performed in the order as shown, but other unrelated operations may occur between the steps. 2.10 FLASH Program Operation Programming of the FLASH memory is done on a row basis. A row consists of 32 consecutive bytes starting from addresses $XX00, $XX20, $XX40, $XX60, $XX80, $XXA0, $XXC0 or $XXE0. Use this step-by-step procedure to program a row of FLASH memory: (Figure 2-4 shows a flowchart of the programming algorithm.) 1. Set the PGM bit. This configures the memory for program operation and enables the latching of address and data for programming. 2. Read the FLASH block protect register. 3. Write any data to any FLASH location within the address range of the row to be programmed. 4. Wait for a time, t (10µs). nvs 5. Set the HVEN bit. 6. Wait for a time, t (5µs). pgs 7. Write data to the FLASH address to be programmed. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 35

Memory 8. Wait for time, t (30µs). prog 9. Repeat steps 7 and 8 until all bytes within the row are programmed. 10. Clear the PGM bit. 11. Wait for time, t (5µs). nvh 12. Clear the HVEN bit. 13. After time, t (1µs), the memory can be accessed in read mode again. rcv This program sequence is repeated throughout the memory until all data is programmed. NOTE The time between each FLASH address change (step 7 to step 7), or the time between the last FLASH addressed programmed to clearing the PGM bit (step 7 to step 10), must not exceed the maximum programming time, t max. prog NOTE Programming and erasing of FLASH locations cannot be performed by code being executed from the FLASH memory. While these operations must be performed in the order shown, other unrelated operations may occur between the steps. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 36 Freescale Semiconductor

FLASH Program Operation 1 Set PGM bit Algorithm for programming a row (32 bytes) of FLASH memory 2 Read the FLASH block protect register 3 Write any data to any FLASH location within the address range of the row to be programmed 4 Wait for a time, t nvs 5 Set HVEN bit 6 Wait for a time, t pgs 7 Write data to the FLASH address to be programmed 8 Wait for a time, t prog Completed Y programming this row? N 10 NOTE: Clear PGM bit The time between each FLASH address change (step 7 to step 7), or the time between the last FLASH address programmed 11 Wait for a time, t to clearing PGM bit (step 7 to step 10) nvh must not exceed the maximum programming time, t max. prog 12 Clear HVEN bit This row program algorithm assumes the row/s to be programmed are initially erased. 13 Wait for a time, t rcv End of programming Figure 2-4. FLASH Programming Flowchart MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 37

Memory 2.11 FLASH Block Protection Due to the ability of the on-board charge pump to erase and program the FLASH memory in the target application, provision is made to protect blocks of memory from unintentional erase or program operations due to system malfunction. This protection is done by use of a FLASH block protect register (FLBPR). The FLBPR determines the range of the FLASH memory which is to be protected. The range of the protected area starts from a location defined by FLBPR and ends to the bottom of the FLASH memory ($FFFF). When the memory is protected, the HVEN bit cannot be set in either erase or program operations. NOTE In performing a program or erase operation, the FLASH block protect register must be read after setting the PGM or ERASE bit and before asserting the HVEN bit When the FLBPR is program with all 0’s, the entire memory is protected from being programmed and erased. When all the bits are erased (all 1’s), the entire memory is accessible for program and erase. When bits within the FLBPR are programmed, they lock a block of memory, address ranges as shown in 2.12 FLASH Block Protect Register. Once the FLBPR is programmed with a value other than $FF, any erase or program of the FLBPR or the protected block of FLASH memory is prohibited. The FLBPR itself can be erased or programmed only with an external voltage, V , present on the IRQ pin. This voltage TST also allows entry from reset into the monitor mode. 2.12 FLASH Block Protect Register The FLASH block protect register (FLBPR) is implemented as a byte within the FLASH memory, and therefore can only be written during a programming sequence of the FLASH memory. The value in this register determines the starting location of the protected range within the FLASH memory. Address: $FFCF Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: BPR7 BPR6 BPR5 BPR4 BPR3 BPR2 BPR1 BPR0 Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset; $FF when blank Non-volatile FLASH register; write by programming. Figure 2-5. FLASH Block Protect Register (FLBPR) BPR[7:0] — FLASH Block Protect Bits BPR[7:0] represent bits [13:6] of a 16-bit memory address. Bits [15:14] are logic 1’s and bits [5:0] are logic 0’s. 16-bit memory address Start address of FLASH block protect 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 BPR[7:0] MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 38 Freescale Semiconductor

FLASH Block Protect Register The resultant 16-bit address is used for specifying the start address of the FLASH memory for block protection. The FLASH is protected from this start address to the end of FLASH memory, at $FFFF. With this mechanism, the protect start address can be XX00, XX40, XX80, or XXC0 (at page boundaries — 64 bytes) within the FLASH memory. Examples of protect start address: BPR[7:0] Start of Address of Protect Range (1) $00–$70 The entire FLASH memory is protected. $71 $DC40 (1101 1100 0100 0000) (0111 0001) $72 $DC80 (1101 1100 1000 0000) (0111 0010) $73 $DCC0 (1101 1100 1100 0000) (0111 0011) and so on... $FD $FF40 (1111 1111 0100 0000) (1111 1101) $FE $FF80 (1111 1111 1000 0000) (1111 1110) $FF The entire FLASH memory is not protected. 1. The end address of the protected range is always $FFFF. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 39

Memory MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 40 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 3 Configuration and Mask Option Registers (CONFIG & MOR) 3.1 Introduction This section describes the configuration registers, CONFIG1 and CONFIG2; and the mask option register (MOR). The configuration registers enable or disable these options: (cid:127) Computer operating properly module (COP) (cid:127) COP timeout period (213–24 or 218–24 ICLK cycles) (cid:127) Internal oscillator during stop mode (cid:127) Low voltage inhibit (LVI) module (cid:127) LVI module voltage trip point selection (cid:127) STOP instruction (cid:127) Stop mode recovery time (32 or 4096 ICLK cycles) (cid:127) Pull-up on IRQ pin The mask option register selects the oscillator option: (cid:127) Crystal or RC 3.2 Functional Description The configuration registers are used in the initialization of various options. The configuration registers can be written once after each reset. All of the configuration register bits are cleared during reset. Since the various options affect the operation of the MCU, it is recommended that these registers be written immediately after reset. The configuration registers are located at $001E and $001F. The configuration registers may be read at anytime. NOTE The options except LVIT[1:0] are one-time writable by the user after each reset. The LVIT[1:0] bits are one-time writable by the user only after each POR (power-on reset). The CONFIG registers are not in the FLASH memory but are special registers containing one-time writable latches after each reset. Upon a reset, the CONFIG registers default to predetermined settings as shown in Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2. The mask option register (MOR) is used to select the oscillator option for the MCU: crystal oscillator or RC oscillator. The MOR is implemented as a byte in FLASH memory. Hence, writing to the MOR requires programming the byte. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 41

Configuration and Mask Option Registers (CONFIG & MOR) 3.3 Configuration Register 1 (CONFIG1) Address: $001F Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: COPRS R R LVID R SSREC STOP COPD Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R =Reserved Figure 3-1. Configuration Register 1 (CONFIG1) COPRS — COP Rate Select Bit COPRS selects the COP time-out period. Reset clears COPRS. (See Chapter 14 Computer Operating Properly (COP).) 1 = COP timeout period is (213 – 24) ICLK cycles 0 = COP timeout period is (218 – 24) ICLK cycles LVID — Low Voltage Inhibit Disable Bit LVID disables the LVI module. Reset clears LVID. (See Chapter 15 Low Voltage Inhibit (LVI).) 1 = Low voltage inhibit disabled 0 = Low voltage inhibit enabled SSREC — Short Stop Recovery Bit SSREC enables the CPU to exit stop mode with a delay of 32 ICLK cycles instead of a 4096 ICLK cycle delay. 1 = Stop mode recovery after 32 ICLK cycles 0 = Stop mode recovery after 4096 ICLK cycles NOTE Exiting stop mode by pulling reset will result in the long stop recovery. If using an external crystal, do not set the SSREC bit. STOP — STOP Instruction Enable Bit STOP enables the STOP instruction. 1 = STOP instruction enabled 0 = STOP instruction treated as illegal opcode COPD — COP Disable Bit COPD disables the COP module. Reset clears COPD. (See Chapter 14 Computer Operating Properly (COP).) 1 = COP module disabled 0 = COP module enabled MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 42 Freescale Semiconductor

Configuration Register 2 (CONFIG2) 3.4 Configuration Register 2 (CONFIG2) Address: $001E Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: STOP_ IRQPUD R R LVIT1 LVIT0 R R Write: ICLKDIS Reset: 0 0 0 Not affected Not affected 0 0 0 POR: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R =Reserved One-time writable register after each reset. LVIT1 and LVIT0 reset to logic 0 by a power-on reset (POR) only. Figure 3-2. Configuration Register 2 (CONFIG2) IRQPUD — IRQ Pin Pull-Up Disable Bit IRQPUD disconnects the internal pull-up on the IRQ pin. 1 = Internal pull-up is disconnected 0 = Internal pull-up is connected between IRQ pin and V DD LVIT1, LVIT0 — LVI Trip Voltage Selection Bits Detail description of trip voltage selection is given in Chapter 15 Low Voltage Inhibit (LVI). STOP_ICLKDIS — Internal Oscillator Stop Mode Disable Bit Setting STOP_ICLKDIS disables the internal oscillator during stop mode. When this bit is cleared, the internal oscillator continues to operate in stop mode. Reset clears this bit. 1 = Internal oscillator disabled during stop mode 0 = Internal oscillator enabled during stop mode 3.5 Mask Option Register (MOR) The mask option register (MOR) is implemented as a byte within the FLASH memory, and therefore can only be written during a programming sequence of the FLASH memory. This register is read after a power-on reset to determine the type of oscillator selected. (See Chapter 6 Oscillator (OSC).) Address: $FFD0 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: OSCSEL R R R R R R R Write: Erased: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Reset: Unaffected by reset Non-volatile FLASH register; write by programming. R =Reserved Figure 3-3. Mask Option Register (MOR) OSCSEL — Oscillator Select Bit OSCSEL selects the oscillator type for the MCU. The erased or unprogrammed state of this bit is logic 1, selecting the crystal oscillator option. This bit is unaffected by reset. 1 = Crystal oscillator 0 = RC oscillator MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 43

Configuration and Mask Option Registers (CONFIG & MOR) Bits 6–0 — Should be left as logic 1’s. NOTE When Crystal oscillator is selected, the OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 pin is used as OSC2; other functions such as PTA6/KBI6 will not be available. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 44 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 4 Central Processor Unit (CPU) 4.1 Introduction The M68HC08 CPU (central processor unit) is an enhanced and fully object-code-compatible version of the M68HC05 CPU. The CPU08 Reference Manual (Freescale document order number CPU08RM/AD) contains a description of the CPU instruction set, addressing modes, and architecture. 4.2 Features (cid:127) Object code fully upward-compatible with M68HC05 Family (cid:127) 16-bit stack pointer with stack manipulation instructions (cid:127) 16-Bit Index Register with X-Register Manipulation Instructions (cid:127) 8-MHz CPU Internal Bus Frequency (cid:127) 64-Kbyte Program/Data Memory Space (cid:127) 16 Addressing Modes (cid:127) Memory-to-Memory Data Moves without Using Accumulator (cid:127) Fast 8-Bit by 8-Bit Multiply and 16-Bit by 8-Bit Divide Instructions (cid:127) Enhanced Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) Data Handling (cid:127) Modular Architecture with Expandable Internal Bus Definition for Extension of Addressing Range beyond 64 Kbytes (cid:127) Low-Power Stop and Wait Modes MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 45

Central Processor Unit (CPU) 4.3 CPU Registers Figure 4-1 shows the five CPU registers. CPU registers are not part of the memory map. 7 0 ACCUMULATOR (A) 15 0 H X INDEX REGISTER (H:X) 15 0 STACK POINTER (SP) 15 0 PROGRAM COUNTER (PC) 7 0 V 1 1 H I N Z C CONDITION CODE REGISTER (CCR) CARRY/BORROW FLAG ZERO FLAG NEGATIVE FLAG INTERRUPT MASK HALF-CARRY FLAG TWO’S COMPLEMENT OVERFLOW FLAG Figure 4-1. CPU Registers 4.3.1 Accumulator The accumulator is a general-purpose 8-bit register. The CPU uses the accumulator to hold operands and the results of arithmetic/logic operations. Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Figure 4-2. Accumulator (A) 4.3.2 Index Register The 16-bit index register allows indexed addressing of a 64-Kbyte memory space. H is the upper byte of the index register, and X is the lower byte. H:X is the concatenated 16-bit index register. In the indexed addressing modes, the CPU uses the contents of the index register to determine the conditional address of the operand. The index register can serve also as a temporary data storage location. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 46 Freescale Semiconductor

CPU Registers Bit 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 15 Read: Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X X X X X X X X = Indeterminate Figure 4-3. Index Register (H:X) 4.3.3 Stack Pointer The stack pointer is a 16-bit register that contains the address of the next location on the stack. During a reset, the stack pointer is preset to $00FF. The reset stack pointer (RSP) instruction sets the least significant byte to $FF and does not affect the most significant byte. The stack pointer decrements as data is pushed onto the stack and increments as data is pulled from the stack. In the stack pointer 8-bit offset and 16-bit offset addressing modes, the stack pointer can function as an index register to access data on the stack. The CPU uses the contents of the stack pointer to determine the conditional address of the operand. Bit 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 15 Read: Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Figure 4-4. Stack Pointer (SP) NOTE The location of the stack is arbitrary and may be relocated anywhere in RAM. Moving the SP out of page 0 ($0000 to $00FF) frees direct address (page 0) space. For correct operation, the stack pointer must point only to RAM locations. 4.3.4 Program Counter The program counter is a 16-bit register that contains the address of the next instruction or operand to be fetched. Normally, the program counter automatically increments to the next sequential memory location every time an instruction or operand is fetched. Jump, branch, and interrupt operations load the program counter with an address other than that of the next sequential location. During reset, the program counter is loaded with the reset vector address located at $FFFE and $FFFF. The vector address is the address of the first instruction to be executed after exiting the reset state. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 47

Central Processor Unit (CPU) Bit 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 15 Read: Write: Reset: Loaded with Vector from $FFFE and $FFFF Figure 4-5. Program Counter (PC) 4.3.5 Condition Code Register The 8-bit condition code register contains the interrupt mask and five flags that indicate the results of the instruction just executed. Bits 6 and 5 are set permanently to logic 1. The following paragraphs describe the functions of the condition code register. Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: V 1 1 H I N Z C Write: Reset: X 1 1 X 1 X X X X = Indeterminate Figure 4-6. Condition Code Register (CCR) V — Overflow Flag The CPU sets the overflow flag when a two's complement overflow occurs. The signed branch instructions BGT, BGE, BLE, and BLT use the overflow flag. 1 = Overflow 0 = No overflow H — Half-Carry Flag The CPU sets the half-carry flag when a carry occurs between accumulator bits 3 and 4 during an add-without-carry (ADD) or add-with-carry (ADC) operation. The half-carry flag is required for binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic operations. The DAA instruction uses the states of the H and C flags to determine the appropriate correction factor. 1 = Carry between bits 3 and 4 0 = No carry between bits 3 and 4 I — Interrupt Mask When the interrupt mask is set, all maskable CPU interrupts are disabled. CPU interrupts are enabled when the interrupt mask is cleared. When a CPU interrupt occurs, the interrupt mask is set automatically after the CPU registers are saved on the stack, but before the interrupt vector is fetched. 1 = Interrupts disabled 0 = Interrupts enabled NOTE To maintain M6805 Family compatibility, the upper byte of the index register (H) is not stacked automatically. If the interrupt service routine modifies H, then the user must stack and unstack H using the PSHH and PULH instructions. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 48 Freescale Semiconductor

Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) After the I bit is cleared, the highest-priority interrupt request is serviced first. A return-from-interrupt (RTI) instruction pulls the CPU registers from the stack and restores the interrupt mask from the stack. After any reset, the interrupt mask is set and can be cleared only by the clear interrupt mask software instruction (CLI). N — Negative flag The CPU sets the negative flag when an arithmetic operation, logic operation, or data manipulation produces a negative result, setting bit 7 of the result. 1 = Negative result 0 = Non-negative result Z — Zero flag The CPU sets the zero flag when an arithmetic operation, logic operation, or data manipulation produces a result of $00. 1 = Zero result 0 = Non-zero result C — Carry/Borrow Flag The CPU sets the carry/borrow flag when an addition operation produces a carry out of bit 7 of the accumulator or when a subtraction operation requires a borrow. Some instructions — such as bit test and branch, shift, and rotate — also clear or set the carry/borrow flag. 1 = Carry out of bit 7 0 = No carry out of bit 7 4.4 Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) The ALU performs the arithmetic and logic operations defined by the instruction set. Refer to the CPU08 Reference Manual (Freescale document order number CPU08RM/AD) for a description of the instructions and addressing modes and more detail about the architecture of the CPU. 4.5 Low-Power Modes The WAIT and STOP instructions put the MCU in low power-consumption standby modes. 4.5.1 Wait Mode The WAIT instruction: (cid:127) Clears the interrupt mask (I bit) in the condition code register, enabling interrupts. After exit from wait mode by interrupt, the I bit remains clear. After exit by reset, the I bit is set. (cid:127) Disables the CPU clock 4.5.2 Stop Mode The STOP instruction: (cid:127) Clears the interrupt mask (I bit) in the condition code register, enabling external interrupts. After exit from stop mode by external interrupt, the I bit remains clear. After exit by reset, the I bit is set. (cid:127) Disables the CPU clock After exiting stop mode, the CPU clock begins running after the oscillator stabilization delay. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 49

Central Processor Unit (CPU) 4.6 CPU During Break Interrupts If a break module is present on the MCU, the CPU starts a break interrupt by: (cid:127) Loading the instruction register with the SWI instruction (cid:127) Loading the program counter with $FFFC:$FFFD or with $FEFC:$FEFD in monitor mode The break interrupt begins after completion of the CPU instruction in progress. If the break address register match occurs on the last cycle of a CPU instruction, the break interrupt begins immediately. A return-from-interrupt instruction (RTI) in the break routine ends the break interrupt and returns the MCU to normal operation if the break interrupt has been deasserted. 4.7 Instruction Set Summary Table 4-1 provides a summary of the M68HC08 instruction set. 4.8 Opcode Map The opcode map is provided in Table 4-2. Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles ADC #opr IMM A9 ii 2 ADC opr DIR B9 dd 3 ADC opr EXT C9 hh ll 4 ADC opr,X IX2 D9 ee ff 4 Add with Carry A ← (A) + (M) + (C) (cid:82) (cid:82) – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) ADC opr,X IX1 E9 ff 3 ADC ,X IX F9 2 ADC opr,SP SP1 9EE9 ff 4 ADC opr,SP SP2 9ED9 ee ff 5 ADD #opr IMM AB ii 2 ADD opr DIR BB dd 3 ADD opr EXT CB hh ll 4 ADD opr,X IX2 DB ee ff 4 Add without Carry A ← (A) + (M) (cid:82) (cid:82) – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) ADD opr,X IX1 EB ff 3 ADD ,X IX FB 2 ADD opr,SP SP1 9EEB ff 4 ADD opr,SP SP2 9EDB ee ff 5 AIS #opr Add Immediate Value (Signed) to SP SP ← (SP) + (16 « M) – – – – – – IMM A7 ii 2 AIX #opr Add Immediate Value (Signed) to H:X H:X ← (H:X) + (16 « M) – – – – – – IMM AF ii 2 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 50 Freescale Semiconductor

Opcode Map Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles AND #opr IMM A4 ii 2 AND opr DIR B4 dd 3 AND opr EXT C4 hh ll 4 AND opr,X IX2 D4 ee ff 4 Logical AND A ← (A) & (M) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – AND opr,X IX1 E4 ff 3 AND ,X IX F4 2 AND opr,SP SP1 9EE4 ff 4 AND opr,SP SP2 9ED4 ee ff 5 ASL opr DIR 38 dd 4 ASLA INH 48 1 ASLX Arithmetic Shift Left INH 58 1 C 0 (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) ASL opr,X (Same as LSL) IX1 68 ff 4 ASL ,X b7 b0 IX 78 3 ASL opr,SP SP1 9E68 ff 5 ASR opr DIR 37 dd 4 ASRA INH 47 1 ASRX Arithmetic Shift Right C (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) INH 57 1 ASR opr,X IX1 67 ff 4 b7 b0 ASR opr,X IX 77 3 ASR opr,SP SP1 9E67 ff 5 BCC rel Branch if Carry Bit Clear PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 0 – – – – – – REL 24 rr 3 DIR (b0) 11 dd 4 DIR (b1) 13 dd 4 DIR (b2) 15 dd 4 DIR (b3) 17 dd 4 BCLR n, opr Clear Bit n in M Mn ← 0 – – – – – – DIR (b4) 19 dd 4 DIR (b5) 1B dd 4 DIR (b6) 1D dd 4 DIR (b7) 1F dd 4 BCS rel Branch if Carry Bit Set (Same as BLO) PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 1 – – – – – – REL 25 rr 3 BEQ rel Branch if Equal PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (Z) = 1 – – – – – – REL 27 rr 3 Branch if Greater Than or Equal To BGE opr PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N ⊕ V) = 0 – – – – – – REL 90 rr 3 (Signed Operands) Branch if Greater Than (Signed BGT opr PC ← (PC) + 2 +rel ? (Z) | (N ⊕ V)=0 – – – – – – REL 92 rr 3 Operands) BHCC rel Branch if Half Carry Bit Clear PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (H) = 0 – – – – – – REL 28 rr 3 BHCS rel Branch if Half Carry Bit Set PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (H) = 1 – – – – – – REL 29 rr 3 BHI rel Branch if Higher PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) | (Z) = 0 – – – – – – REL 22 rr 3 Branch if Higher or Same BHS rel PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 0 – – – – – – REL 24 rr 3 (Same as BCC) BIH rel Branch if IRQ Pin High PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? IRQ = 1 – – – – – – REL 2F rr 3 BIL rel Branch if IRQ Pin Low PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? IRQ = 0 – – – – – – REL 2E rr 3 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 51

Central Processor Unit (CPU) Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles BIT #opr IMM A5 ii 2 BIT opr DIR B5 dd 3 BIT opr EXT C5 hh ll 4 BIT opr,X IX2 D5 ee ff 4 Bit Test (A) & (M) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – BIT opr,X IX1 E5 ff 3 BIT ,X IX F5 2 BIT opr,SP SP1 9EE5 ff 4 BIT opr,SP SP2 9ED5 ee ff 5 Branch if Less Than or Equal To BLE opr PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (Z) | (N ⊕ V)=1 – – – – – – REL 93 rr 3 (Signed Operands) BLO rel Branch if Lower (Same as BCS) PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 1 – – – – – – REL 25 rr 3 BLS rel Branch if Lower or Same PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) | (Z) = 1 – – – – – – REL 23 rr 3 BLT opr Branch if Less Than (Signed Operands) PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N ⊕ V) = 1 – – – – – – REL 91 rr 3 BMC rel Branch if Interrupt Mask Clear PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (I) = 0 – – – – – – REL 2C rr 3 BMI rel Branch if Minus PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N) = 1 – – – – – – REL 2B rr 3 BMS rel Branch if Interrupt Mask Set PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (I) = 1 – – – – – – REL 2D rr 3 BNE rel Branch if Not Equal PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (Z) = 0 – – – – – – REL 26 rr 3 BPL rel Branch if Plus PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N) = 0 – – – – – – REL 2A rr 3 BRA rel Branch Always PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel – – – – – – REL 20 rr 3 DIR (b0) 01 dd rr 5 DIR (b1) 03 dd rr 5 DIR (b2) 05 dd rr 5 DIR (b3) 07 dd rr 5 BRCLR n,opr,rel Branch if Bit n in M Clear PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (Mn) = 0 – – – – – (cid:82) DIR (b4) 09 dd rr 5 DIR (b5) 0B dd rr 5 DIR (b6) 0D dd rr 5 DIR (b7) 0F dd rr 5 BRN rel Branch Never PC ← (PC) + 2 – – – – – – REL 21 rr 3 DIR (b0) 00 dd rr 5 DIR (b1) 02 dd rr 5 DIR (b2) 04 dd rr 5 DIR (b3) 06 dd rr 5 BRSET n,opr,rel Branch if Bit n in M Set PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (Mn) = 1 – – – – – (cid:82) DIR (b4) 08 dd rr 5 DIR (b5) 0A dd rr 5 DIR (b6) 0C dd rr 5 DIR (b7) 0E dd rr 5 DIR (b0) 10 dd 4 DIR (b1) 12 dd 4 DIR (b2) 14 dd 4 DIR (b3) 16 dd 4 BSET n,opr Set Bit n in M Mn ← 1 – – – – – – DIR (b4) 18 dd 4 DIR (b5) 1A dd 4 DIR (b6) 1C dd 4 DIR (b7) 1E dd 4 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 52 Freescale Semiconductor

Opcode Map Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles PC ← (PC) + 2; push (PCL) SP ← (SP) – 1; push (PCH) BSR rel Branch to Subroutine – – – – – – REL AD rr 4 SP ← (SP) – 1 PC ← (PC) + rel CBEQ opr,rel PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (A) – (M) = $00 DIR 31 dd rr 5 CBEQA #opr,rel PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (A) – (M) = $00 IMM 41 ii rr 4 CBEQX #opr,rel PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (X) – (M) = $00 IMM 51 ii rr 4 Compare and Branch if Equal – – – – – – CBEQ opr,X+,rel PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (A) – (M) = $00 IX1+ 61 ff rr 5 CBEQ X+,rel PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (A) – (M) = $00 IX+ 71 rr 4 CBEQ opr,SP,rel PC ← (PC) + 4 + rel ? (A) – (M) = $00 SP1 9E61 ff rr 6 CLC Clear Carry Bit C ← 0 – – – – – 0 INH 98 1 CLI Clear Interrupt Mask I ← 0 – – 0 – – – INH 9A 2 CLR opr M ← $00 DIR 3F dd 3 CLRA A ← $00 INH 4F 1 CLRX X ← $00 INH 5F 1 CLRH Clear H ← $00 0 – – 0 1 – INH 8C 1 CLR opr,X M ← $00 IX1 6F ff 3 CLR ,X M ← $00 IX 7F 2 CLR opr,SP M ← $00 SP1 9E6F ff 4 CMP #opr IMM A1 ii 2 CMP opr DIR B1 dd 3 CMP opr EXT C1 hh ll 4 CMP opr,X IX2 D1 ee ff 4 Compare A with M (A) – (M) (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) CMP opr,X IX1 E1 ff 3 CMP ,X IX F1 2 CMP opr,SP SP1 9EE1 ff 4 CMP opr,SP SP2 9ED1 ee ff 5 COM opr M ← (M) = $FF – (M) DIR 33 dd 4 COMA A ← (A) = $FF – (M) INH 43 1 COMX X ← (X) = $FF – (M) INH 53 1 Complement (One’s Complement) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) 1 COM opr,X M ← (M) = $FF – (M) IX1 63 ff 4 COM ,X M ← (M) = $FF – (M) IX 73 3 COM opr,SP M ← (M) = $FF – (M) SP1 9E63 ff 5 CPHX #opr IMM 65 ii ii+1 3 Compare H:X with M (H:X) – (M:M + 1) (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) CPHX opr DIR 75 dd 4 CPX #opr IMM A3 ii 2 CPX opr DIR B3 dd 3 CPX opr EXT C3 hh ll 4 CPX ,X IX2 D3 ee ff 4 Compare X with M (X) – (M) (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) CPX opr,X IX1 E3 ff 3 CPX opr,X IX F3 2 CPX opr,SP SP1 9EE3 ff 4 CPX opr,SP SP2 9ED3 ee ff 5 DAA Decimal Adjust A (A) U – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) INH 72 2 10 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 53

Central Processor Unit (CPU) Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles A ← (A)–1 or M ← (M)–1 or X ← (X)–1 5 DBNZ opr,rel PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (result) ≠ 0 DIR 3B dd rr 3 DBNZA rel PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (result) ≠ 0 INH 4B rr 3 DBNZX rel Decrement and Branch if Not Zero PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (result) ≠ 0 – – – – – – INH 5B rr 5 DBNZ opr,X,rel PC ← (PC) + 3 + rel ? (result) ≠ 0 IX1 6B ff rr 4 DBNZ X,rel PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? (result) ≠ 0 IX 7B rr 6 DBNZ opr,SP,rel PC ← (PC) + 4 + rel ? (result) ≠ 0 SP1 9E6B ff rr DEC opr M ← (M) – 1 DIR 3A dd 4 DECA A ← (A) – 1 INH 4A 1 DECX X ← (X) – 1 INH 5A 1 Decrement (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – DEC opr,X M ← (M) – 1 IX1 6A ff 4 DEC ,X M ← (M) – 1 IX 7A 3 DEC opr,SP M ← (M) – 1 SP1 9E6A ff 5 A ← (H:A)/(X) DIV Divide – – – – (cid:82) (cid:82) INH 52 7 H ← Remainder EOR #opr IMM A8 ii 2 EOR opr DIR B8 dd 3 EOR opr EXT C8 hh ll 4 EOR opr,X IX2 D8 ee ff 4 Exclusive OR M with A A ← (A ⊕ M) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – EOR opr,X IX1 E8 ff 3 EOR ,X IX F8 2 EOR opr,SP SP1 9EE8 ff 4 EOR opr,SP SP2 9ED8 ee ff 5 INC opr M ← (M) + 1 DIR 3C dd 4 INCA A ← (A) + 1 INH 4C 1 INCX X ← (X) + 1 INH 5C 1 Increment (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – INC opr,X M ← (M) + 1 IX1 6C ff 4 INC ,X M ← (M) + 1 IX 7C 3 INC opr,SP M ← (M) + 1 SP1 9E6C ff 5 JMP opr DIR BC dd 2 JMP opr EXT CC hh ll 3 JMP opr,X Jump PC ← Jump Address – – – – – – IX2 DC ee ff 4 JMP opr,X IX1 EC ff 3 JMP ,X IX FC 2 JSR opr DIR BD dd 4 PC ← (PC) + n (n = 1, 2, or 3) JSR opr EXT CD hh ll 5 Push (PCL); SP ← (SP) – 1 JSR opr,X Jump to Subroutine – – – – – – IX2 DD ee ff 6 Push (PCH); SP ← (SP) – 1 JSR opr,X IX1 ED ff 5 PC ← Unconditional Address JSR ,X IX FD 4 LDA #opr IMM A6 ii 2 LDA opr DIR B6 dd 3 LDA opr EXT C6 hh ll 4 LDA opr,X IX2 D6 ee ff 4 Load A from M A ← (M) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – LDA opr,X IX1 E6 ff 3 LDA ,X IX F6 2 LDA opr,SP SP1 9EE6 ff 4 LDA opr,SP SP2 9ED6 ee ff 5 LDHX #opr IMM 45 ii jj 3 Load H:X from M H:X ← (M:M + 1) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – LDHX opr DIR 55 dd 4 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 54 Freescale Semiconductor

Opcode Map Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles LDX #opr IMM AE ii 2 LDX opr DIR BE dd 3 LDX opr EXT CE hh ll 4 LDX opr,X IX2 DE ee ff 4 Load X from M X ← (M) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – LDX opr,X IX1 EE ff 3 LDX ,X IX FE 2 LDX opr,SP SP1 9EEE ff 4 LDX opr,SP SP2 9EDE ee ff 5 LSL opr DIR 38 dd 4 LSLA INH 48 1 LSLX Logical Shift Left C 0 (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) INH 58 1 LSL opr,X (Same as ASL) IX1 68 ff 4 b7 b0 LSL ,X IX 78 3 LSL opr,SP SP1 9E68 ff 5 LSR opr DIR 34 dd 4 LSRA INH 44 1 LSRX Logical Shift Right 0 C (cid:82) – – 0 (cid:82) (cid:82) INH 54 1 LSR opr,X IX1 64 ff 4 b7 b0 LSR ,X IX 74 3 LSR opr,SP SP1 9E64 ff 5 MOV opr,opr DD 4E dd dd 5 (M) ← (M) MOV opr,X+ Destination Source DIX+ 5E dd 4 Move 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – MOV #opr,opr IMD 6E ii dd 4 H:X ← (H:X) + 1 (IX+D, DIX+) MOV X+,opr IX+D 7E dd 4 MUL Unsigned multiply X:A ← (X) × (A) – 0 – – – 0 INH 42 5 NEG opr DIR 30 dd 4 M ← –(M) = $00 – (M) NEGA INH 40 1 A ← –(A) = $00 – (A) NEGX INH 50 1 Negate (Two’s Complement) X ← –(X) = $00 – (X) (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) NEG opr,X IX1 60 ff 4 M ← –(M) = $00 – (M) NEG ,X IX 70 3 M ← –(M) = $00 – (M) NEG opr,SP SP1 9E60 ff 5 NOP No Operation None – – – – – – INH 9D 1 NSA Nibble Swap A A ← (A[3:0]:A[7:4]) – – – – – – INH 62 3 ORA #opr IMM AA ii 2 ORA opr DIR BA dd 3 ORA opr EXT CA hh ll 4 ORA opr,X IX2 DA ee ff 4 Inclusive OR A and M A ← (A) | (M) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – ORA opr,X IX1 EA ff 3 ORA ,X IX FA 2 ORA opr,SP SP1 9EEA ff 4 ORA opr,SP SP2 9EDA ee ff 5 PSHA Push A onto Stack Push (A); SP ← (SP) – 1 – – – – – – INH 87 2 PSHH Push H onto Stack Push (H); SP ← (SP) – 1 – – – – – – INH 8B 2 PSHX Push X onto Stack Push (X); SP ← (SP) – 1 – – – – – – INH 89 2 PULA Pull A from Stack SP ← (SP + 1); Pull (A) – – – – – – INH 86 2 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 55

Central Processor Unit (CPU) Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles PULH Pull H from Stack SP ← (SP + 1); Pull (H) – – – – – – INH 8A 2 PULX Pull X from Stack SP ← (SP + 1); Pull (X) – – – – – – INH 88 2 ROL opr DIR 39 dd 4 ROLA INH 49 1 ROLX INH 59 1 Rotate Left through Carry C (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) ROL opr,X IX1 69 ff 4 b7 b0 ROL ,X IX 79 3 ROL opr,SP SP1 9E69 ff 5 ROR opr DIR 36 dd 4 RORA INH 46 1 RORX INH 56 1 Rotate Right through Carry C (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) ROR opr,X IX1 66 ff 4 b7 b0 ROR ,X IX 76 3 ROR opr,SP SP1 9E66 ff 5 RSP Reset Stack Pointer SP ← $FF – – – – – – INH 9C 1 SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (CCR) SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (A) RTI Return from Interrupt SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (X) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) INH 80 7 SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (PCH) SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (PCL) SP ← SP + 1; Pull (PCH) RTS Return from Subroutine – – – – – – INH 81 4 SP ← SP + 1; Pull (PCL) SBC #opr IMM A2 ii 2 SBC opr DIR B2 dd 3 SBC opr EXT C2 hh ll 4 SBC opr,X IX2 D2 ee ff 4 Subtract with Carry A ← (A) – (M) – (C) (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) SBC opr,X IX1 E2 ff 3 SBC ,X IX F2 2 SBC opr,SP SP1 9EE2 ff 4 SBC opr,SP SP2 9ED2 ee ff 5 SEC Set Carry Bit C ← 1 – – – – – 1 INH 99 1 SEI Set Interrupt Mask I ← 1 – – 1 – – – INH 9B 2 STA opr DIR B7 dd 3 STA opr EXT C7 hh ll 4 STA opr,X IX2 D7 ee ff 4 STA opr,X Store A in M M ← (A) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – IX1 E7 ff 3 STA ,X IX F7 2 STA opr,SP SP1 9EE7 ff 4 STA opr,SP SP2 9ED7 ee ff 5 STHX opr Store H:X in M (M:M + 1) ← (H:X) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – DIR 35 dd 4 STOP Enable IRQ Pin; Stop Oscillator I ← 0; Stop Oscillator – – 0 – – – INH 8E 1 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 56 Freescale Semiconductor

Opcode Map Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles STX opr DIR BF dd 3 STX opr EXT CF hh ll 4 STX opr,X IX2 DF ee ff 4 STX opr,X Store X in M M ← (X) 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – IX1 EF ff 3 STX ,X IX FF 2 STX opr,SP SP1 9EEF ff 4 STX opr,SP SP2 9EDF ee ff 5 SUB #opr IMM A0 ii 2 SUB opr DIR B0 dd 3 SUB opr EXT C0 hh ll 4 SUB opr,X IX2 D0 ee ff 4 Subtract A ← (A) – (M) (cid:82) – – (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) SUB opr,X IX1 E0 ff 3 SUB ,X IX F0 2 SUB opr,SP SP1 9EE0 ff 4 SUB opr,SP SP2 9ED0 ee ff 5 PC ← (PC) + 1; Push (PCL) SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (PCH) SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (X) SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (A) SWI Software Interrupt – – 1 – – – INH 83 9 SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (CCR) SP ← (SP) – 1; I ← 1 PCH ← Interrupt Vector High Byte PCL ← Interrupt Vector Low Byte TAP Transfer A to CCR CCR ← (A) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) (cid:82) INH 84 2 TAX Transfer A to X X ← (A) – – – – – – INH 97 1 TPA Transfer CCR to A A ← (CCR) – – – – – – INH 85 1 TST opr DIR 3D dd 3 TSTA INH 4D 1 TSTX INH 5D 1 Test for Negative or Zero (A) – $00 or (X) – $00 or (M) – $00 0 – – (cid:82) (cid:82) – TST opr,X IX1 6D ff 3 TST ,X IX 7D 2 TST opr,SP SP1 9E6D ff 4 TSX Transfer SP to H:X H:X ← (SP) + 1 – – – – – – INH 95 2 TXA Transfer X to A A ← (X) – – – – – – INH 9F 1 TXS Transfer H:X to SP (SP) ← (H:X) – 1 – – – – – – INH 94 2 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 57

Central Processor Unit (CPU) Table 4-1. Instruction Set Summary SFoourrmce Operation Description V HEffCeICcNtR onZ C AddressMode Opcode Operand Cycles A Accumulator n Any bit C Carry/borrow bit opr Operand (one or two bytes) CCR Condition code register PC Program counter dd Direct address of operand PCH Program counter high byte dd rr Direct address of operand and relative offset of branch instruction PCL Program counter low byte DD Direct to direct addressing mode REL Relative addressing mode DIR Direct addressing mode rel Relative program counter offset byte DIX+ Direct to indexed with post increment addressing mode rr Relative program counter offset byte ee ff High and low bytes of offset in indexed, 16-bit offset addressing SP1 Stack pointer, 8-bit offset addressing mode EXT Extended addressing mode SP2 Stack pointer 16-bit offset addressing mode ff Offset byte in indexed, 8-bit offset addressing SP Stack pointer H Half-carry bit U Undefined H Index register high byte V Overflow bit hh ll High and low bytes of operand address in extended addressing X Index register low byte I Interrupt mask Z Zero bit ii Immediate operand byte & Logical AND IMD Immediate source to direct destination addressing mode | Logical OR IMM Immediate addressing mode ⊕ Logical EXCLUSIVE OR INH Inherent addressing mode ( ) Contents of IX Indexed, no offset addressing mode –( ) Negation (two’s complement) IX+ Indexed, no offset, post increment addressing mode # Immediate value IX+D Indexed with post increment to direct addressing mode « Sign extend IX1 Indexed, 8-bit offset addressing mode ← Loaded with IX1+ Indexed, 8-bit offset, post increment addressing mode ? If IX2 Indexed, 16-bit offset addressing mode : Concatenated with M Memory location (cid:82) Set or cleared N Negative bit — Not affected MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 58 Freescale Semiconductor

F re e Table 4-2. Opcode Map s c a Bit Manipulation Branch Read-Modify-Write Control Register/Memory le S DIR DIR REL DIR INH INH IX1 SP1 IX INH INH IMM DIR EXT IX2 SP2 IX1 SP1 IX e MSB m 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9E6 7 8 9 A B C D 9ED E 9EE F ic LSB on 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 7 3 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 d 0 BRSET0 BSET0 BRA NEG NEGA NEGX NEG NEG NEG RTI BGE SUB SUB SUB SUB SUB SUB SUB SUB u M 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 2 REL 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX ctor C68 1 BRCL5R0 BCL4R0 BR3N CBE5Q CBE4QA CBE4QX CBE5Q CBE6Q CBE4Q RT4S BL3T CM2P CM3P CM4P CM4P CM5P CM3P CM4P CM2P H 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 3 DIR 3 IMM 3 IMM 3 IX1+ 4 SP1 2 IX+ 1 INH 2 REL 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX C 5 4 3 5 7 3 2 3 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 9 0 2 BRSET1 BSET1 BHI MUL DIV NSA DAA BGT SBC SBC SBC SBC SBC SBC SBC SBC 8 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 1 INH 1 INH 1 INH 1 INH 2 REL 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX J L 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 9 3 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 8 3 BRCLR1 BCLR1 BLS COM COMA COMX COM COM COM SWI BLE CPX CPX CPX CPX CPX CPX CPX CPX /J 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 2 REL 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX K 8 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 (cid:127) 4 BRSET2 BSET2 BCC LSR LSRA LSRX LSR LSR LSR TAP TXS AND AND AND AND AND AND AND AND M 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX C 5 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 6 5 BRCLR2 BCLR2 BCS STHX LDHX LDHX CPHX CPHX TPA TSX BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT 8H 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 3 IMM 2 DIR 3 IMM 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX C 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 0 6 BRSET3 BSET3 BNE ROR RORA RORX ROR ROR ROR PULA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA 8J 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX L 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 8 /JK 7 B3RCDLRIR3 2BCLDRIR3 2BERQEL 2ASDRIR 1ASRINAH 1ASRINXH 2ASIXR1 3ASSRP1 1ASIXR 1PSHINAH 1 TAIXNH 2 AIISMM 2 STDAIR 3 STEAXT 3 STIAX2 4 STSAP2 2 STIAX1 3 STSAP1 1 STIAX 8 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 (cid:127) 8 BRSET4 BSET4 BHCC LSL LSLA LSLX LSL LSL LSL PULX CLC EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR M 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX C 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 6 8 9 BRCLR4 BCLR4 BHCS ROL ROLA ROLX ROL ROL ROL PSHX SEC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC H 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX C 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 9 0 A BRSET5 BSET5 BPL DEC DECA DECX DEC DEC DEC PULH CLI ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA 8 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX K L 5 4 3 5 3 3 5 6 4 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 8 B BRCLR5 BCLR5 BMI DBNZ DBNZA DBNZX DBNZ DBNZ DBNZ PSHH SEI ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD D 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 3 DIR 2 INH 2 INH 3 IX1 4 SP1 2 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX a 5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 1 1 2 3 4 3 2 ta C BRSET6 BSET6 BMC INC INCA INCX INC INC INC CLRH RSP JMP JMP JMP JMP JMP S 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 2 IX1 1 IX he 5 4 3 3 1 1 3 4 2 1 4 4 5 6 5 4 e D BRCLR6 BCLR6 BMS TST TSTA TSTX TST TST TST NOP BSR JSR JSR JSR JSR JSR t, R 3 D5IR 2 D4IR 2 R3EL 2 DIR 1 I5NH 1 I4NH 2 I4X1 3 SP1 1 I4X 1 1 INH 2 R2EL 2 D3IR 3 E4XT 3 I4X2 5 2 I3X1 4 1 I2X ev E BRSET7 BSET7 BIL MOV MOV MOV MOV STOP * LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX . 3 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 3 DD 2 DIX+ 3 IMD 2 IX+D 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX .1 5 4 3 3 1 1 3 4 2 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2 F BRCLR7 BCLR7 BIH CLR CLRA CLRX CLR CLR CLR WAIT TXA AIX STX STX STX STX STX STX STX 3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX INH Inherent REL Relative SP1 Stack Pointer, 8-Bit Offset MSB O IMM Immediate IX Indexed, No Offset SP2 Stack Pointer, 16-Bit Offset 0 High Byte of Opcode in Hexadecimal DIR Direct IX1 Indexed, 8-Bit Offset IX+ Indexed, No Offset with LSB pc EXT Extended IX2 Indexed, 16-Bit Offset Post Increment 5 Cycles o DD Direct-Direct IMD Immediate-Direct IX1+ Indexed, 1-Byte Offset with Low Byte of Opcode in Hexadecimal 0 BRSET0 Opcode Mnemonic de 5 *IXP+rDe-bInydtee xfoerd s-Dtaicrekc ptoinDteIXr i+ndDeixreecdt -iInnsdtreuxcetdions Post Increment 3 DIR Number of Bytes / Addressing Mode Ma 9 p

Central Processor Unit (CPU) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 60 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 5 System Integration Module (SIM) 5.1 Introduction This section describes the system integration module (SIM), which supports up to 24 external and/or internal interrupts. Together with the CPU, the SIM controls all MCU activities. A block diagram of the SIM is shown in Figure 5-1. Figure 5-2 is a summary of the SIM I/O registers. The SIM is a system state controller that coordinates CPU and exception timing. The SIM is responsible for: (cid:127) Bus clock generation and control for CPU and peripherals – Stop/wait/reset/break entry and recovery – Internal clock control (cid:127) Master reset control, including power-on reset (POR) and COP timeout (cid:127) Interrupt control: – Acknowledge timing – Arbitration control timing – Vector address generation (cid:127) CPU enable/disable timing (cid:127) Modular architecture expandable to 128 interrupt sources Table 5-1 shows the internal signal names used in this section. Table 5-1. Signal Name Conventions Signal Name Description ICLK Internal oscillator clock The XTAL or RC frequency divided by two. This signal is again divided by two in the SIM OSCOUT to generate the internal bus clocks. (Bus clock = OSCOUT ÷ 2) IAB Internal address bus IDB Internal data bus PORRST Signal from the power-on reset module to the SIM IRST Internal reset signal R/W Read/write signal MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 61

System Integration Module (SIM) MODULE STOP MODULE WAIT STOP/WAIT CPU STOP (FROM CPU) CONTROL CPU WAIT (FROM CPU) SIMOSCEN (TO OSCILLATOR) SIM COP CLOCK COUNTER ICLK (FROM OSCILLATOR) OSCOUT (FROM OSCILLATOR) ÷2 VDD CLOCK CLOCK GENERATORS INTERNAL CLOCKS CONTROL INTERNAL PULL-UP RESET POR CONTROL ILLEGAL OPCODE (FROM CPU) PIN LOGIC MASTER ILLEGAL ADDRESS (FROM ADDRESS MAP DECODERS) RESET PIN CONTROL RESET CONTROL COP TIMEOUT (FROM COP MODULE) SIM RESET STATUS REGISTER USB RESET (FROM USB MODULE) RESET INTERRUPT SOURCES INTERRUPT CONTROL AND PRIORITY DECODE CPU INTERFACE Figure 5-1. SIM Block Diagram Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SBSW R R R R R R R $FE00 Break Status Register (BSR) Write: NOTE Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Note: Writing a logic 0 clears SBSW. Read: POR PIN COP ILOP ILAD MODRST LVI 0 $FE01 Reset Status Register (RSR) Write: POR: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: R R R R R R R R $FE02 Reserved Write: Reset: Break Flag Control Read: BCFE R R R R R R R $FE03 Register Write: (BFCR) Reset: 0 Figure 5-2. SIM I/O Register Summary MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 62 Freescale Semiconductor

SIM Bus Clock Control and Generation Read: IF6 IF5 IF4 IF3 0 IF1 0 0 Interrupt Status Register1 $FE04 Write: R R R R R R R R (INT1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: IF14 IF13 IF12 IF11 0 0 IF8 IF7 Interrupt Status Register2 $FE05 Write: R R R R R R R R (INT2) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IF15 Interrupt Status Register3 $FE06 Write: R R R R R R R R (INT3) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 =Unimplemented R =Reserved Figure 5-2. SIM I/O Register Summary 5.2 SIM Bus Clock Control and Generation The bus clock generator provides system clock signals for the CPU and peripherals on the MCU. The system clocks are generated from an incoming clock, OSCOUT, as shown in Figure 5-3. From ICLK SIM COUNTER OSCILLATOR From OSCOUT BUS CLOCK ÷ 2 OSCILLATOR GENERATORS OSCOUT is OSC frequency divided by 2 SIM Figure 5-3. SIM Clock Signals 5.2.1 Bus Timing In user mode, the internal bus frequency is the oscillator frequency divided by four. 5.2.2 Clock Start-Up from POR or LVI Reset When the power-on reset module or the low-voltage inhibit module generates a reset, the clocks to the CPU and peripherals are inactive and held in an inactive phase until after the 4096 ICLK cycle POR timeout has completed. The RST pin is driven low by the SIM during this entire period. The IBUS clocks start upon completion of the timeout. 5.2.3 Clocks in Stop Mode and Wait Mode Upon exit from stop mode by an interrupt, break, or reset, the SIM allows ICLK to clock the SIM counter. The CPU and peripheral clocks do not become active until after the stop delay time-out. This time-out is selectable as 4096 or 32 ICLK cycles. (See 5.6.2 Stop Mode.) In wait mode, the CPU clocks are inactive. The SIM also produces two sets of clocks for other modules. Refer to the wait mode subsection of each module to see if the module is active or inactive in wait mode. Some modules can be programmed to be active in wait mode. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 63

System Integration Module (SIM) 5.3 Reset and System Initialization The MCU has these reset sources: (cid:127) Power-on reset module (POR) (cid:127) External reset pin (RST) (cid:127) Computer operating properly module (COP) (cid:127) Low-voltage inhibit module (LVI) (cid:127) Illegal opcode (cid:127) Illegal address All of these resets produce the vector $FFFE–$FFFF ($FEFE–$FEFF in Monitor mode) and assert the internal reset signal (IRST). IRST causes all registers to be returned to their default values and all modules to be returned to their reset states. An internal reset clears the SIM counter (see 5.4 SIM Counter), but an external reset does not. Each of the resets sets a corresponding bit in the reset status register (RSR). (See 5.7 SIM Registers.) 5.3.1 External Pin Reset The RST pin circuits include an internal pull-up device. Pulling the asynchronous RST pin low halts all processing. The PIN bit of the reset status register (RSR) is set as long as RST is held low for a minimum of 67 ICLK cycles, assuming that the POR was not the source of the reset. See Table 5-2 for details. Figure 5-4 shows the relative timing. Table 5-2. PIN Bit Set Timing Reset Type Number of Cycles Required to Set PIN POR 4163 (4096 + 64 + 3) All others 67 (64 + 3) ICLK RST IAB PC VECT H VECT L Figure 5-4. External Reset Timing 5.3.2 Active Resets from Internal Sources All internal reset sources actively pull the RST pin low for 32 ICLK cycles to allow resetting of external peripherals. The internal reset signal IRST continues to be asserted for an additional 32 cycles (Figure 5-5). An internal reset can be caused by an illegal address, illegal opcode, COP time-out, or POR. (See Figure 5-6 . Sources of Internal Reset.) Note that for POR resets, the SIM cycles through 4096 ICLK cycles during which the SIM forces the RST pin low. The internal reset signal then follows the sequence from the falling edge of RST shown in Figure 5-5. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 64 Freescale Semiconductor

Reset and System Initialization IRST RST RST PULLED LOW BY MCU 32 CYCLES 32 CYCLES ICLK IAB VECTOR HIGH Figure 5-5. Internal Reset Timing The COP reset is asynchronous to the bus clock. ILLEGAL ADDRESS RST ILLEGAL OPCODE RST COPRST INTERNAL RESET POR LVI Figure 5-6. Sources of Internal Reset The active reset feature allows the part to issue a reset to peripherals and other chips within a system built around the MCU. 5.3.2.1 Power-On Reset When power is first applied to the MCU, the power-on reset module (POR) generates a pulse to indicate that power-on has occurred. The external reset pin (RST) is held low while the SIM counter counts out 4096 ICLK cycles. Sixty-four ICLK cycles later, the CPU and memories are released from reset to allow the reset vector sequence to occur. At power-on, the following events occur: (cid:127) A POR pulse is generated. (cid:127) The internal reset signal is asserted. (cid:127) The SIM enables OSCOUT. (cid:127) Internal clocks to the CPU and modules are held inactive for 4096 ICLK cycles to allow stabilization of the oscillator. (cid:127) The RST pin is driven low during the oscillator stabilization time. (cid:127) The POR bit of the reset status register (RSR) is set and all other bits in the register are cleared. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 65

System Integration Module (SIM) OSC1 PORRST 4096 32 32 CYCLES CYCLES CYCLES ICLK OSCOUT RST IAB $FFFE $FFFF Figure 5-7. POR Recovery 5.3.2.2 Computer Operating Properly (COP) Reset An input to the SIM is reserved for the COP reset signal. The overflow of the COP counter causes an internal reset and sets the COP bit in the reset status register (RSR). The SIM actively pulls down the RST pin for all internal reset sources. To prevent a COP module time-out, write any value to location $FFFF. Writing to location $FFFF clears the COP counter and stages 12 through 5 of the SIM counter. The SIM counter output, which occurs at least every (212 – 24) ICLK cycles, drives the COP counter. The COP should be serviced as soon as possible out of reset to guarantee the maximum amount of time before the first time-out. The COP module is disabled if the RST pin or the IRQ pin is held at V while the MCU is in monitor TST mode. The COP module can be disabled only through combinational logic conditioned with the high voltage signal on the RST or the IRQ pin. This prevents the COP from becoming disabled as a result of external noise. During a break state, V on the RST pin disables the COP module. TST 5.3.2.3 Illegal Opcode Reset The SIM decodes signals from the CPU to detect illegal instructions. An illegal instruction sets the ILOP bit in the reset status register (RSR) and causes a reset. If the stop enable bit, STOP, in the mask option register is logic zero, the SIM treats the STOP instruction as an illegal opcode and causes an illegal opcode reset. The SIM actively pulls down the RST pin for all internal reset sources. 5.3.2.4 Illegal Address Reset An opcode fetch from an unmapped address generates an illegal address reset. The SIM verifies that the CPU is fetching an opcode prior to asserting the ILAD bit in the reset status register (RSR) and resetting the MCU. A data fetch from an unmapped address does not generate a reset. The SIM actively pulls down the RST pin for all internal reset sources. 5.3.2.5 Low-Voltage Inhibit (LVI) Reset The low-voltage inhibit module (LVI) asserts its output to the SIM when the V voltage falls to the LVI DD trip voltage V . The LVI bit in the reset status register (RSR) is set, and the external reset pin (RST) is TRIP MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 66 Freescale Semiconductor

SIM Counter held low while the SIM counter counts out 4096 ICLK cycles. Sixty-four ICLK cycles later, the CPU and memories are released from reset to allow the reset vector sequence to occur. The SIM actively pulls down the RST pin for all internal reset sources. 5.4 SIM Counter The SIM counter is used by the power-on reset module (POR) and in stop mode recovery to allow the oscillator time to stabilize before enabling the internal bus (IBUS) clocks. The SIM counter also serves as a prescaler for the computer operating properly module (COP). The SIM counter uses 12 stages for counting, followed by a 13th stage that triggers a reset of SIM counters and supplies the clock for the COP module. The SIM counter is clocked by the falling edge of ICLK. 5.4.1 SIM Counter During Power-On Reset The power-on reset module (POR) detects power applied to the MCU. At power-on, the POR circuit asserts the signal PORRST. Once the SIM is initialized, it enables the oscillator to drive the bus clock state machine. 5.4.2 SIM Counter During Stop Mode Recovery The SIM counter also is used for stop mode recovery. The STOP instruction clears the SIM counter. After an interrupt, break, or reset, the SIM senses the state of the short stop recovery bit, SSREC, in the mask option register. If the SSREC bit is a logic one, then the stop recovery is reduced from the normal delay of 4096 ICLK cycles down to 32 ICLK cycles. This is ideal for applications using canned oscillators that do not require long start-up times from stop mode. External crystal applications should use the full stop recovery time, that is, with SSREC cleared in the configuration register 1 (CONFIG1). 5.4.3 SIM Counter and Reset States External reset has no effect on the SIM counter. (See 5.6.2 Stop Mode for details.) The SIM counter is free-running after all reset states. (See 5.3.2 Active Resets from Internal Sources for counter control and internal reset recovery sequences.) 5.5 Exception Control Normal, sequential program execution can be changed in three different ways: (cid:127) Interrupts – Maskable hardware CPU interrupts – Non-maskable software interrupt instruction (SWI) (cid:127) Reset (cid:127) Break interrupts 5.5.1 Interrupts An interrupt temporarily changes the sequence of program execution to respond to a particular event. Figure 5-8 flow charts the handling of system interrupts. Interrupts are latched, and arbitration is performed in the SIM at the start of interrupt processing. The arbitration result is a constant that the CPU uses to determine which vector to fetch. Once an interrupt is latched by the SIM, no other interrupt can take precedence, regardless of priority, until the latched interrupt is serviced (or the I bit is cleared). MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 67

System Integration Module (SIM) FROM RESET YES BREAIK B IINT TSEERTR?UPT? NO YES I BIT SET? NO IRQ YES INTERRUPT? NO TIMER 1 YES INTERRUPT? NO STACK CPU REGISTERS. SET I BIT. LOAD PC WITH INTERRUPT VECTOR. (As many interrupts as exist on chip) FETCH NEXT INSTRUCTION SWI YES INSTRUCTION? NO RTI YES INSTRUCTION? UNSTACK CPU REGISTERS. NO EXECUTE INSTRUCTION. Figure 5-8. Interrupt Processing MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 68 Freescale Semiconductor

Exception Control At the beginning of an interrupt, the CPU saves the CPU register contents on the stack and sets the interrupt mask (I bit) to prevent additional interrupts. At the end of an interrupt, the RTI instruction recovers the CPU register contents from the stack so that normal processing can resume. Figure 5-9 shows interrupt entry timing. Figure 5-10 shows interrupt recovery timing. MODULE INTERRUPT I BIT IAB DUMMY SP SP – 1 SP – 2 SP – 3 SP – 4 VECT H VECT L START ADDR IDB DUMMY PC – 1[7:0] PC – 1[15:8] X A CCR V DATA H V DATA L OPCODE R/W Figure 5-9. Interrupt Entry MODULE INTERRUPT I BIT IAB SP – 4 SP – 3 SP – 2 SP – 1 SP PC PC + 1 IDB CCR A X PC – 1[15:8] PC – 1[7:0] OPCODE OPERAND R/W Figure 5-10. Interrupt Recovery 5.5.1.1 Hardware Interrupts A hardware interrupt does not stop the current instruction. Processing of a hardware interrupt begins after completion of the current instruction. When the current instruction is complete, the SIM checks all pending hardware interrupts. If interrupts are not masked (I bit clear in the condition code register), and if the corresponding interrupt enable bit is set, the SIM proceeds with interrupt processing; otherwise, the next instruction is fetched and executed. If more than one interrupt is pending at the end of an instruction execution, the highest priority interrupt is serviced first. Figure 5-11 demonstrates what happens when two interrupts are pending. If an interrupt is pending upon exit from the original interrupt service routine, the pending interrupt is serviced before the LDA instruction is executed. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 69

System Integration Module (SIM) CLI LDA #$FF BACKGROUND ROUTINE INT1 PSHH INT1 INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE PULH RTI INT2 PSHH INT2 INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE PULH RTI Figure 5-11. Interrupt Recognition Example The LDA opcode is prefetched by both the INT1 and INT2 RTI instructions. However, in the case of the INT1 RTI prefetch, this is a redundant operation. NOTE To maintain compatibility with the M6805 Family, the H register is not pushed on the stack during interrupt entry. If the interrupt service routine modifies the H register or uses the indexed addressing mode, software should save the H register and then restore it prior to exiting the routine. 5.5.1.2 SWI Instruction The SWI instruction is a non-maskable instruction that causes an interrupt regardless of the state of the interrupt mask (I bit) in the condition code register. NOTE A software interrupt pushes PC onto the stack. A software interrupt does not push PC – 1, as a hardware interrupt does. 5.5.2 Interrupt Status Registers The flags in the interrupt status registers identify maskable interrupt sources. Table 5-3 summarizes the interrupt sources and the interrupt status register flags that they set. The interrupt status registers can be useful for debugging. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 70 Freescale Semiconductor

Exception Control Table 5-3. Interrupt Sources Priority Source Flag Mask (1) INT Flag Vector Address Highest Reset — — — $FFFE–$FFFF SWI Instruction — — — $FFFC–$FFFD IRQ Pin IRQF IMASK IF1 $FFFA–$FFFB Timer 1 Channel 0 Interrupt CH0F CH0IE IF3 $FFF6–$FFF7 Timer 1 Channel 1 Interrupt CH1F CH1IE IF4 $FFF4–$FFF5 Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt TOF TOIE IF5 $FFF2–$FFF3 Timer 2 Channel 0 Interrupt CH0F CH0IE IF6 $FFF0–$FFF1 Timer 2 Channel 1 Interrupt CH1F CH1IE IF7 $FFEE–$FFEF Timer 2 Overflow Interrupt TOF TOIE IF8 $FFEC–$FFED OR ORIE NF NEIE SCI Error IF11 $FFE6–$FFE7 FE FEIE PE PEIE SCRF SCRIE SCI Receive IF12 $FFE4–$FFE5 IDLE ILIE SCTE SCTIE SCI Transmit IF13 $FFE2–$FFE3 TC TCIE Keyboard Interrupt KEYF IMASKK IF14 $FFE0–$FFE1 Lowest ADC Conversion Complete Interrupt COCO AIEN IF15 $FFDE–$FFDF 1. The I bit in the condition code register is a global mask for all interrupts sources except the SWI instruction. 5.5.2.1 Interrupt Status Register 1 Address: $FE04 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: IF6 IF5 IF4 IF3 0 IF1 0 0 Write: R R R R R R R R Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R = Reserved Figure 5-12. Interrupt Status Register 1 (INT1) IF1, IF3 to IF6 — Interrupt Flags These flags indicate the presence of interrupt requests from the sources shown in Table 5-3. 1 = Interrupt request present 0 = No interrupt request present Bit 0, 1, and 3 — Always read 0 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 71

System Integration Module (SIM) 5.5.2.2 Interrupt Status Register 2 Address: $FE05 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: IF14 IF13 IF12 IF11 0 0 IF8 IF7 Write: R R R R R R R R Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R = Reserved Figure 5-13. Interrupt Status Register 2 (INT2) IF7, IF8, IF11 to F14 — Interrupt Flags This flag indicates the presence of interrupt requests from the sources shown in Table 5-3. 1 = Interrupt request present 0 = No interrupt request present Bit 2 and 3 — Always read 0 5.5.2.3 Interrupt Status Register 3 Address: $FE06 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IF15 Write: R R R R R R R R Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R = Reserved Figure 5-14. Interrupt Status Register 3 (INT3) IF15 — Interrupt Flags These flags indicate the presence of interrupt requests from the sources shown in Table 5-3. 1 = Interrupt request present 0 = No interrupt request present Bit 1 to 7 — Always read 0 5.5.3 Reset All reset sources always have equal and highest priority and cannot be arbitrated. 5.5.4 Break Interrupts The break module can stop normal program flow at a software-programmable break point by asserting its break interrupt output. (See Chapter 16 Break Module (BREAK).) The SIM puts the CPU into the break state by forcing it to the SWI vector location. Refer to the break interrupt subsection of each module to see how each module is affected by the break state. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 72 Freescale Semiconductor

Low-Power Modes 5.5.5 Status Flag Protection in Break Mode The SIM controls whether status flags contained in other modules can be cleared during break mode. The user can select whether flags are protected from being cleared by properly initializing the break clear flag enable bit (BCFE) in the break flag control register (BFCR). Protecting flags in break mode ensures that set flags will not be cleared while in break mode. This protection allows registers to be freely read and written during break mode without losing status flag information. Setting the BCFE bit enables the clearing mechanisms. Once cleared in break mode, a flag remains cleared even when break mode is exited. Status flags with a two-step clearing mechanism — for example, a read of one register followed by the read or write of another — are protected, even when the first step is accomplished prior to entering break mode. Upon leaving break mode, execution of the second step will clear the flag as normal. 5.6 Low-Power Modes Executing the WAIT or STOP instruction puts the MCU in a low-power-consumption mode for standby situations. The SIM holds the CPU in a non-clocked state. The operation of each of these modes is described below. Both STOP and WAIT clear the interrupt mask (I) in the condition code register, allowing interrupts to occur. 5.6.1 Wait Mode In wait mode, the CPU clocks are inactive while the peripheral clocks continue to run. Figure 5-15 shows the timing for wait mode entry. A module that is active during wait mode can wake up the CPU with an interrupt if the interrupt is enabled. Stacking for the interrupt begins one cycle after the WAIT instruction during which the interrupt occurred. In wait mode, the CPU clocks are inactive. Refer to the wait mode subsection of each module to see if the module is active or inactive in wait mode. Some modules can be programmed to be active in wait mode. Wait mode can also be exited by a reset or break. A break interrupt during wait mode sets the SIM break stop/wait bit, SBSW, in the break status register (BSR). If the COP disable bit, COPD, in the mask option register is logic zero, then the computer operating properly module (COP) is enabled and remains active in wait mode. IAB WAIT ADDR WAIT ADDR + 1 SAME SAME IDB PREVIOUS DATA NEXT OPCODE SAME SAME R/W NOTE: Previous data can be operand data or the WAIT opcode, depending on the last instruction. Figure 5-15. Wait Mode Entry Timing Figure 5-16 and Figure 5-17 show the timing for WAIT recovery. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 73

System Integration Module (SIM) IAB $6E0B $6E0C $00FF $00FE $00FD $00FC IDB $A6 $A6 $A6 $01 $0B $6E EXITSTOPWAIT NOTE: EXITSTOPWAIT = RST pin OR CPU interrupt OR break interrupt Figure 5-16. Wait Recovery from Interrupt or Break 32 32 Cycles Cycles IAB $6E0B RST VCT H RST VCT L IDB $A6 $A6 $A6 RST ICLK Figure 5-17. Wait Recovery from Internal Reset 5.6.2 Stop Mode In stop mode, the SIM counter is reset and the system clocks are disabled. An interrupt request from a module can cause an exit from stop mode. Stacking for interrupts begins after the selected stop recovery time has elapsed. Reset or break also causes an exit from stop mode. The SIM disables the oscillator signals (OSCOUT) in stop mode, stopping the CPU and peripherals. Stop recovery time is selectable using the SSREC bit in the configuration register 1 (CONFIG1). If SSREC is set, stop recovery is reduced from the normal delay of 4096 ICLK cycles down to 32. This is ideal for applications using canned oscillators that do not require long start-up times from stop mode. NOTE External crystal applications should use the full stop recovery time by clearing the SSREC bit. A break interrupt during stop mode sets the SIM break stop/wait bit (SBSW) in the break status register (BSR). The SIM counter is held in reset from the execution of the STOP instruction until the beginning of stop recovery. It is then used to time the recovery period. Figure 5-18 shows stop mode entry timing. NOTE To minimize stop current, all pins configured as inputs should be driven to a logic 1 or logic 0. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 74 Freescale Semiconductor

SIM Registers CPUSTOP IAB STOP ADDR STOP ADDR + 1 SAME SAME IDB PREVIOUS DATA NEXT OPCODE SAME SAME R/W NOTE: Previous data can be operand data or the STOP opcode, depending on the last instruction. Figure 5-18. Stop Mode Entry Timing STOP RECOVERY PERIOD ICLK INT/BREAK IAB STOP +1 STOP + 2 STOP + 2 SP SP – 1 SP – 2 SP – 3 Figure 5-19. Stop Mode Recovery from Interrupt or Break 5.7 SIM Registers The SIM has three memory mapped registers. (cid:127) Break Status Register (BSR) (cid:127) Reset Status Register (RSR) (cid:127) Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) 5.7.1 Break Status Register (BSR) The break status register contains a flag to indicate that a break caused an exit from stop or wait mode. Address: $FE00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SBSW R R R R R R R Write: Note(1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R = Reserved 1. Writing a logic zero clears SBSW. Figure 5-20. Break Status Register (BSR) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 75

System Integration Module (SIM) SBSW — SIM Break Stop/Wait This status bit is useful in applications requiring a return to wait or stop mode after exiting from a break interrupt. Clear SBSW by writing a logic zero to it. Reset clears SBSW. 1 = Stop mode or wait mode was exited by break interrupt 0 = Stop mode or wait mode was not exited by break interrupt SBSW can be read within the break state SWI routine. The user can modify the return address on the stack by subtracting one from it. The following code is an example of this. Writing zero to the SBSW bit clears it. ; This code works if the H register has been pushed onto the stack in the break ; service routine software. This code should be executed at the end of the ; break service routine software. HIBYTE EQU 5 LOBYTE EQU 6 ; If not SBSW, do RTI BRCLR SBSW,BSR, RETURN ; See if wait mode or stop mode was exited ; by break. TST LOBYTE,SP ; If RETURNLO is not zero, BNE DOLO ; then just decrement low byte. DEC HIBYTE,SP ; Else deal with high byte, too. DOLO DEC LOBYTE,SP ; Point to WAIT/STOP opcode. RETURN PULH ; Restore H register. RTI 5.7.2 Reset Status Register (RSR) This register contains six flags that show the source of the last reset. Clear the SIM reset status register by reading it. A power-on reset sets the POR bit and clears all other bits in the register. Address: $FE01 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: POR PIN COP ILOP ILAD MODRST LVI 0 Write: POR: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented Figure 5-21. Reset Status Register (RSR) POR — Power-On Reset Bit 1 = Last reset caused by POR circuit 0 = Read of RSR MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 76 Freescale Semiconductor

SIM Registers PIN — External Reset Bit 1 = Last reset caused by external reset pin (RST) 0 = POR or read of RSR COP — Computer Operating Properly Reset Bit 1 = Last reset caused by COP counter 0 = POR or read of RSR ILOP — Illegal Opcode Reset Bit 1 = Last reset caused by an illegal opcode 0 = POR or read of RSR ILAD — Illegal Address Reset Bit (opcode fetches only) 1 = Last reset caused by an opcode fetch from an illegal address 0 = POR or read of RSR MODRST — Monitor Mode Entry Module Reset bit 1 = Last reset caused by monitor mode entry when vector locations $FFFE and $FFFF are $FF after POR while IRQ = V DD 0 = POR or read of RSR LVI — Low Voltage Inhibit Reset bit 1 = Last reset caused by LVI circuit 0 = POR or read of RSR 5.7.3 Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) The break control register contains a bit that enables software to clear status bits while the MCU is in a break state. Address: $FE03 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: BCFE R R R R R R R Write: Reset: 0 R = Reserved Figure 5-22. Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) BCFE — Break Clear Flag Enable Bit This read/write bit enables software to clear status bits by accessing status registers while the MCU is in a break state. To clear status bits during the break state, the BCFE bit must be set. 1 = Status bits clearable during break 0 = Status bits not clearable during break MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 77

System Integration Module (SIM) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 78 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 6 Oscillator (OSC) 6.1 Introduction The oscillator module provides the reference clocks for the MCU system and bus. Two oscillators are running on the device: Selectable oscillator — for bus clock (cid:127) Crystal oscillator (XTAL) — built-in oscillator that requires an external crystal or ceramic-resonator. This option also allows an external clock that can be driven directly into OSC1. (cid:127) RC oscillator (RC) — built-in oscillator that requires an external resistor-capacitor connection only. The selected oscillator is used to drive the bus clock, the SIM, and other modules on the MCU. The oscillator type is selected by programming a bit FLASH memory. The RC and crystal oscillator cannot run concurrently; one is disabled while the other is selected; because the RC and XTAL circuits share the same OSC1 pin. Non-selectable oscillator — for COP (cid:127) Internal oscillator — built-in RC oscillator that requires no external components. This internal oscillator is used to drive the computer operating properly (COP) module and the SIM. The internal oscillator runs continuously after a POR or reset, and is always available. 6.2 Oscillator Selection The oscillator type is selected by programming a bit in a FLASH memory location; the mask option register (MOR), at $FFD0. (See 3.5 Mask Option Register (MOR).) NOTE On the ROM device, the oscillator is selected by a ROM-mask layer at factory. Address: $FFD0 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: OSCSEL R R R R R R R Write: Erased: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Reset: Unaffected by reset Non-volatile FLASH register; write by programming. R =Reserved Figure 6-1. Mask Option Register (MOR) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 79

Oscillator (OSC) OSCSEL — Oscillator Select Bit OSCSEL selects the oscillator type for the MCU. The erased or unprogrammed state of this bit is logic 1, selecting the crystal oscillator option. This bit is unaffected by reset. 1 = Crystal oscillator 0 = RC oscillator Bits 6–0 — Should be left as logic 1’s. NOTE When Crystal oscillator is selected, the OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 pin is used as OSC2; other functions such as PTA6/KBI6 will not be available. 6.2.1 XTAL Oscillator The XTAL oscillator circuit is designed for use with an external crystal or ceramic resonator to provide accurate clock source. In its typical configuration, the XTAL oscillator is connected in a Pierce oscillator configuration, as shown in Figure 6-2. This figure shows only the logical representation of the internal components and may not represent actual circuitry. The oscillator configuration uses five components: (cid:127) Crystal, X 1 (cid:127) Fixed capacitor, C 1 (cid:127) Tuning capacitor, C (can also be a fixed capacitor) 2 (cid:127) Feedback resistor, R B (cid:127) Series resistor, R (optional) S From SIM To SIM To SIM 2OSCOUT OSCOUT XTALCLK ÷ 2 SIMOSCEN MCU OSC1 OSC2 R B R* S X 1 *R can be zero (shorted) when used with higher-frequency crystals. S Refer to manufacturer’s data. See Chapter 17 for component value requirements. C C 1 2 Figure 6-2. XTAL Oscillator External Connections The series resistor (R ) is included in the diagram to follow strict Pierce oscillator guidelines and may not S be required for all ranges of operation, especially with high frequency crystals. Refer to the crystal manufacturer’s data for more information. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 80 Freescale Semiconductor

Internal Oscillator 6.2.2 RC Oscillator The RC oscillator circuit is designed for use with external resistor and capacitor to provide a clock source with tolerance less than 10%. In its typical configuration, the RC oscillator requires two external components, one R and one C. Component values should have a tolerance of 1% or less, to obtain a clock source with less than 10% tolerance. The oscillator configuration uses two components: (cid:127) C EXT (cid:127) R EXT From SIM To SIM To SIM 2OSCOUT OSCOUT SIMOSCEN EXT-RC RCCLK EN ÷ 2 OSCILLATOR 0 PTA6 1 PTA6 I/O MCU PTA6EN OSC1 RCCLK/PTA6 (OSC2) VDD See Chapter 17 for component value requirements. R C EXT EXT Figure 6-3. RC Oscillator External Connections 6.3 Internal Oscillator The internal oscillator clock (ICLK) is a free running 50-kHz clock that requires no external components. It is used as the reference clock input to the computer operating properly (COP) module and the SIM. The internal oscillator by default is always available and is free running after POR or reset. It can be stopped in stop mode by setting the STOP_ICLKDIS bit before executing the STOP instruction. Figure 6-4 shows the logical representation of components of the internal oscillator circuitry. From SIM To SIM and COP SIMOSCEN ICLK CONFIG2 EN STOP_ICLKDIS INTERNAL OSCILLATOR Figure 6-4. Internal Oscillator MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 81

Oscillator (OSC) NOTE The internal oscillator is a free running oscillator and is available after each POR or reset. It is turned-off in stop mode by setting the STOP_ICLKDIS bit in CONFIG2 (see 3.4 Configuration Register 2 (CONFIG2)). 6.4 I/O Signals The following paragraphs describe the oscillator I/O signals. 6.4.1 Crystal Amplifier Input Pin (OSC1) OSC1 pin is an input to the crystal oscillator amplifier or the input to the RC oscillator circuit. 6.4.2 Crystal Amplifier Output Pin (OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6) For the XTAL oscillator, OSC2 pin is the output of the crystal oscillator inverting amplifier. For the RC oscillator, OSC2 pin can be configured as a general purpose I/O pin PTA6, or the output of the RC oscillator, RCCLK. Oscillator OSC2 pin function XTAL Inverting OSC1 Controlled by PTA6EN bit in PTAPUE ($000D) RC PTA6EN = 0: RCCLK output PTA6EN = 1: PTA6/KBI6 6.4.3 Oscillator Enable Signal (SIMOSCEN) The SIMOSCEN signal comes from the system integration module (SIM) and enables/disables the XTAL oscillator circuit or the RC-oscillator. 6.4.4 XTAL Oscillator Clock (XTALCLK) XTALCLK is the XTAL oscillator output signal. It runs at the full speed of the crystal (f ) and comes XCLK directly from the crystal oscillator circuit. Figure 6-2 shows only the logical relation of XTALCLK to OSC1 and OSC2 and may not represent the actual circuitry. The duty cycle of XTALCLK is unknown and may depend on the crystal and other external factors. Also, the frequency and amplitude of XTALCLK can be unstable at start-up. 6.4.5 RC Oscillator Clock (RCCLK) RCCLK is the RC oscillator output signal. Its frequency is directly proportional to the time constant of the external R and C. Figure 6-3 shows only the logical relation of RCCLK to OSC1 and may not represent the actual circuitry. 6.4.6 Oscillator Out 2 (2OSCOUT) 2OSCOUT is same as the input clock (XTALCLK or RCCLK). This signal is driven to the SIM module. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 82 Freescale Semiconductor

Low Power Modes 6.4.7 Oscillator Out (OSCOUT) The frequency of this signal is equal to half of the 2OSCOUT, this signal is driven to the SIM for generation of the bus clocks used by the CPU and other modules on the MCU. OSCOUT will be divided again in the SIM and results in the internal bus frequency being one fourth of the XTALCLK or RCCLK frequency. 6.4.8 Internal Oscillator Clock (ICLK) ICLK is the internal oscillator output signal (typically 50-kHz), for the COP module and the SIM. Its frequency depends on the V voltage. (See Chapter 17 Electrical Specifications for ICLK parameters.) DD 6.5 Low Power Modes The WAIT and STOP instructions put the MCU in low-power consumption standby modes. 6.5.1 Wait Mode The WAIT instruction has no effect on the oscillator logic. OSCOUT, 2OSCOUT, and ICLK continues to drive to the SIM module. 6.5.2 Stop Mode The STOP instruction disables the XTALCLK or the RCCLK output, hence, OSCOUT and 2OSCOUT are disabled. The STOP instruction also turns off the ICLK input to the COP module if the STOP_ICLKDIS bit is set in configuration register 2 (CONFIG2). After reset, the STOP_ICLKDIS bit is clear by default and ICLK is enabled during stop mode. 6.6 Oscillator During Break Mode The OSCOUT, 2OSCOUT, and ICLK clocks continue to be driven out when the device enters the break state. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 83

Oscillator (OSC) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 84 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 7 Monitor ROM (MON) 7.1 Introduction This section describes the monitor ROM (MON) and the monitor mode entry methods. The monitor ROM allows complete testing of the MCU through a single-wire interface with a host computer. This mode is also used for programming and erasing of FLASH memory in the MCU. Monitor mode entry can be achieved without use of the higher test voltage, V , as long as vector addresses $FFFE and $FFFF are TST blank, thus reducing the hardware requirements for in-circuit programming. 7.2 Features Features of the monitor ROM include the following: (cid:127) Normal user-mode pin functionality (cid:127) One pin dedicated to serial communication between monitor ROM and host computer (cid:127) Standard mark/space non-return-to-zero (NRZ) communication with host computer (cid:127) Execution of code in RAM or FLASH (cid:127) FLASH memory security feature(1) (cid:127) FLASH memory programming interface (cid:127) 959 bytes monitor ROM code size (cid:127) Monitor mode entry without high voltage, V , if reset vector is blank ($FFFE and $FFFF contain TST $FF) (cid:127) Standard monitor mode entry if high voltage, V , is applied to IRQ TST (cid:127) Resident routines for FLASH programming and EEPROM emulation 7.3 Functional Description The monitor ROM receives and executes commands from a host computer. Figure 7-1 shows a example circuit used to enter monitor mode and communicate with a host computer via a standard RS-232 interface. Simple monitor commands can access any memory address. In monitor mode, the MCU can execute host-computer code in RAM while most MCU pins retain normal operating mode functions. All communication between the host computer and the MCU is through the PTB0 pin. A level-shifting and multiplexing interface is required between PTB0 and the host computer. PTB0 is used in a wired-OR configuration and requires a pull-up resistor. 1. No security feature is absolutely secure. However, Motorola’s strategy is to make reading or copying the FLASH difficult for unauthorized users. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 85

Monitor ROM (MON) RST 0.1 µF HC908JL8 V DD V DD EXT OSC (50% DUTY) VDD 0.1 µF OSC1 V SS EXT OSC CONNECTION TO OSC1, WITH OSC2 UNCONNECTED, CAN REPLACE XTAL CIRCUIT. 9.8304MHz OSC1 20 pF M 0 1 OSC2 20 pF MAX232 V DD 1 16 + C1+ VCC + XTAL CIRCUIT 1 µF 1 µF 3 C1– GND 15 1 µF + 4 2 VTST A SW1 C2+ V+ (SEE NOTE 1) 1 µF + 6 VDD 1 k 8.5 V IRQ V– B V 5 DD C2– 1 µF 10 k + 10 k DB9 74HC125 2 7 10 6 5 PTB0 74HC125 3 8 9 2 3 4 V DD V DD 1 5 10 k 10 k C SW2 PTB1 (SEE NOTE 2) PTB3 NOTES: D PTB2 1. Monitor mode entry method: 10 k SW1: Position A — High voltage entry (V ) 10 k TST Bus clock depends on SW2. SW1: Position B — Reset vector must be blank ($FFFE = $FFFF = $FF) Bus clock = OSC1 ÷ 4. 2. Affects high voltage entry to monitor mode only (SW1 at position A): SW2: Position C — Bus clock = OSC1 ÷ 4 SW2: Position D — Bus clock = OSC1 ÷ 2 5. See Table17-4 for V voltage level requirements. TST Figure 7-1. Monitor Mode Circuit MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 86 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description 7.3.1 Entering Monitor Mode Table 7-1 shows the pin conditions for entering monitor mode. As specified in the table, monitor mode may be entered after a POR. Communication at 9600 baud will be established provided one of the following sets of conditions is met: 1. If IRQ = V : TST – Clock on OSC1 is 4.9125MHz – PTB3 = low 2. If IRQ = V : TST – Clock on OSC1 is 9.8304MHz – PTB3 = high 3. If $FFFE and $FFFF are blank (contain $FF): – Clock on OSC1 is 9.8304MHz – IRQ = V DD Table 7-1. Monitor Mode Entry Requirements and Options $FFFE 3 2 1 0 IRQ and B B B B OSC1 Clock(1) Bus Frequency Comments T T T T $FFFF P P P P V (2) X 0 0 1 1 4.9152MHz 2.4576MHz High voltage entry to monitor TST mode. 9600 baud communication on V (1) X 1 0 1 1 9.8304MHz 2.4576MHz TST PTB0. COP disabled. Blank reset vector BLANK (low-voltage) entry to monitor V (contain X X X 1 9.8304MHz 2.4576MHz mode. DD $FF) 9600 baud communication on PTB0. COP disabled. NOT V X X X X X OSC1 ÷ 4 Enters User mode. DD BLANK 1. RC oscillator cannot be used for monitor mode; must use either external oscillator or XTAL oscillator circuit. 2. See Table17-4 for V voltage level requirements. TST If V is applied to IRQ and PTB3 is low upon monitor mode entry (Table 7-1 condition set 1), the bus TST frequency is a divide-by-two of the clock input to OSC1. If PTB3 is high with V applied to IRQ upon TST monitor mode entry (Table 7-1 condition set 2), the bus frequency is a divide-by-four of the clock input to OSC1. Holding the PTB3 pin low when entering monitor mode causes a bypass of a divide-by-two stage at the oscillator only if V is applied to IRQ. In this event, the OSCOUT frequency is equal to the TST 2OSCOUT frequency, and OSC1 input directly generates internal bus clocks. In this case, the OSC1 signal must have a 50% duty cycle at maximum bus frequency. Entering monitor mode with V on IRQ, the COP is disabled as long as V is applied to either IRQ or TST TST RST. (See Chapter 5 System Integration Module (SIM) for more information on modes of operation.) If entering monitor mode without high voltage on IRQ and reset vector being blank ($FFFE and $FFFF) (Table 7-1 condition set 3, where applied voltage is V ), then all port B pin requirements and conditions, DD MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 87

Monitor ROM (MON) including the PTB3 frequency divisor selection, are not in effect. This is to reduce circuit requirements when performing in-circuit programming. Entering monitor mode with the reset vector being blank, the COP is always disabled regardless of the state of IRQ or the RST. Figure 7-2. shows a simplified diagram of the monitor mode entry when the reset vector is blank and IRQ = V . An OSC1 frequency of 9.8304MHz is required for a baud rate of 9600. DD POR RESET IS VECTOR NO NORMAL USER BLANK? MODE YES MONITOR MODE EXECUTE MONITOR CODE POR NO TRIGGERED? YES Figure 7-2. Low-Voltage Monitor Mode Entry Flowchart Enter monitor mode with the pin configuration shown above by pulling RST low and then high. The rising edge of RST latches monitor mode. Once monitor mode is latched, the values on the specified pins can change. Once out of reset, the MCU waits for the host to send eight security bytes. (See 7.4 Security.) After the security bytes, the MCU sends a break signal (10 consecutive logic zeros) to the host, indicating that it is ready to receive a command. The break signal also provides a timing reference to allow the host to determine the necessary baud rate. In monitor mode, the MCU uses different vectors for reset, SWI, and break interrupt. The alternate vectors are in the $FE page instead of the $FF page and allow code execution from the internal monitor firmware instead of user code. Table 7-2 is a summary of the vector differences between user mode and monitor mode. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 88 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description Table 7-2. Monitor Mode Vector Differences Functions Reset Reset Break Break SWI SWI Modes COP Vector Vector Vector Vector Vector Vector High Low High Low High Low User Enabled $FFFE $FFFF $FFFC $FFFD $FFFC $FFFD Monitor Disabled(1) $FEFE $FEFF $FEFC $FEFD $FEFC $FEFD Notes: 1. If the high voltage (V ) is removed from the IRQ pin or the RST pin, the SIM asserts TST its COP enable output. The COP is a mask option enabled or disabled by the COPD bit in the configuration register. When the host computer has completed downloading code into the MCU RAM, the host then sends a RUN command, which executes an RTI, which sends control to the address on the stack pointer. 7.3.2 Baud Rate The communication baud rate is dependant on oscillator frequency. The state of PTB3 also affects baud rate if entry to monitor mode is by IRQ = V . When PTB3 is high, the divide by ratio is 1024. If the PTB3 TST pin is at logic zero upon entry into monitor mode, the divide by ratio is 512. Table 7-3. Monitor Baud Rate Selection Monitor Mode OSC1 Clock PTB3 Baud Rate Entry By: Frequency 4.9152 MHz 0 9600 bps IRQ = VTST 9.8304 MHz 1 9600 bps 4.9152 MHz 1 4800 bps 9.8304 MHz X 9600 bps Blank reset vector, IRQ = V DD 4.9152 MHz X 4800 bps 7.3.3 Data Format Communication with the monitor ROM is in standard non-return-to-zero (NRZ) mark/space data format. (See Figure 7-3 and Figure 7-4.) NEXT START START BIT BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 STOP BIT BIT Figure 7-3. Monitor Data Format NEXT START START $A5 BIT BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 STOP BIT BIT START STOP BREAK BIT BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 BIT NEXT START BIT Figure 7-4. Sample Monitor Waveforms MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 89

Monitor ROM (MON) The data transmit and receive rate can be anywhere from 4800 baud to 28.8k-baud. Transmit and receive baud rates must be identical. 7.3.4 Echoing As shown in Figure 7-5, the monitor ROM immediately echoes each received byte back to the PTB0 pin for error checking. SENT TO MONITOR READ READ ADDR. HIGH ADDR. HIGH ADDR. LOW ADDR. LOW DATA ECHO RESULT Figure 7-5. Read Transaction Any result of a command appears after the echo of the last byte of the command. 7.3.5 Break Signal A start bit followed by nine low bits is a break signal. (See Figure 7-6.) When the monitor receives a break signal, it drives the PTB0 pin high for the duration of two bits before echoing the break signal. MISSING STOP BIT TWO-STOP-BIT DELAY BEFORE ZERO ECHO 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 7-6. Break Transaction 7.3.6 Commands The monitor ROM uses the following commands: (cid:127) READ (read memory) (cid:127) WRITE (write memory) (cid:127) IREAD (indexed read) (cid:127) IWRITE (indexed write) (cid:127) READSP (read stack pointer) (cid:127) RUN (run user program) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 90 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description Table 7-4. READ (Read Memory) Command Description Read byte from memory Operand Specifies 2-byte address in high byte:low byte order Data Returned Returns contents of specified address Opcode $4A Command Sequence SENT TO MONITOR READ READ ADDR. HIGH ADDR. HIGH ADDR. LOW ADDR. LOW DATA ECHO RESULT Table 7-5. WRITE (Write Memory) Command Description Write byte to memory Operand Specifies 2-byte address in high byte:low byte order; low byte followed by data byte Data Returned None Opcode $49 Command Sequence SENT TO MONITOR WRITE WRITE ADDR. HIGH ADDR. HIGH ADDR. LOW ADDR. LOW DATA DATA ECHO MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 91

Monitor ROM (MON) Table 7-6. IREAD (Indexed Read) Command Description Read next 2 bytes in memory from last address accessed Operand Specifies 2-byte address in high byte:low byte order Data Returned Returns contents of next two addresses Opcode $1A Command Sequence SENT TO MONITOR IREAD IREAD DATA DATA ECHO RESULT Table 7-7. IWRITE (Indexed Write) Command Description Write to last address accessed + 1 Operand Specifies single data byte Data Returned None Opcode $19 Command Sequence SENT TO MONITOR IWRITE IWRITE DATA DATA ECHO NOTE A sequence of IREAD or IWRITE commands can sequentially access a block of memory over the full 64-Kbyte memory map. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 92 Freescale Semiconductor

Security Table 7-8. READSP (Read Stack Pointer) Command Description Reads stack pointer Operand None Data Returned Returns stack pointer in high byte:low byte order Opcode $0C Command Sequence SENT TO MONITOR READSP READSP SP HIGH SP LOW ECHO RESULT Table 7-9. RUN (Run User Program) Command Description Executes RTI instruction Operand None Data Returned None Opcode $28 Command Sequence SENT TO MONITOR RUN RUN ECHO 7.4 Security A security feature discourages unauthorized reading of FLASH locations while in monitor mode. The host can bypass the security feature at monitor mode entry by sending eight security bytes that match the bytes at locations $FFF6–$FFFD. Locations $FFF6–$FFFD contain user-defined data. NOTE Do not leave locations $FFF6–$FFFD blank. For security reasons, program locations $FFF6–$FFFD even if they are not used for vectors. During monitor mode entry, the MCU waits after the power-on reset for the host to send the eight security bytes on pin PTB0. If the received bytes match those at locations $FFF6–$FFFD, the host bypasses the security feature and can read all FLASH locations and execute code from FLASH. Security remains bypassed until a power-on reset occurs. If the reset was not a power-on reset, security remains bypassed and security code entry is not required. (See Figure 7-7.) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 93

Monitor ROM (MON) V DD 4096 + 32 ICLK CYCLES RST 24 BUS CYCLES D N A E 1 E 2 E 8 MM T T T Y Y Y O B B B C FROM HOST PTB0 1 4 1 1 2 4 1 FROM MCU YTE 1 ECHO YTE 2 ECHO YTE 8 ECHO BREAK MAND ECHO B B B M O NOTES: C 1 = Echo delay, 2 bit times 2 = Data return delay, 2 bit times 4 = Wait 1 bit time before sending next byte. Figure 7-7. Monitor Mode Entry Timing Upon power-on reset, if the received bytes of the security code do not match the data at locations $FFF6–$FFFD, the host fails to bypass the security feature. The MCU remains in monitor mode, but reading a FLASH location returns an invalid value and trying to execute code from FLASH causes an illegal address reset. After receiving the eight security bytes from the host, the MCU transmits a break character, signifying that it is ready to receive a command. NOTE The MCU does not transmit a break character until after the host sends the eight security bytes. To determine whether the security code entered is correct, check to see if bit 6 of RAM address $60 is set. If it is, then the correct security code has been entered and FLASH can be accessed. If the security sequence fails, the device should be reset by a power-on reset and brought up in monitor mode to attempt another entry. After failing the security sequence, the FLASH module can also be mass erased by executing an erase routine that was downloaded into internal RAM. The mass erase operation clears the security code locations so that all eight security bytes become $FF (blank). 7.5 ROM-Resident Routines Eight routines stored in the monitor ROM area (thus ROM-resident) are provided for FLASH memory manipulation. Six of the eight routines are intended to simplify FLASH program, erase, and load operations. The other two routines are intended to simplify the use of the FLASH memory as EEPROM. Table 7-10 shows a summary of the ROM-resident routines. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 94 Freescale Semiconductor

ROM-Resident Routines Table 7-10. Summary of ROM-Resident Routines Stack Used(1) Routine Name Routine Description Call Address (bytes) PRGRNGE Program a range of locations $FC06 15 ERARNGE Erase a page or the entire array $FCBE 9 LDRNGE Loads data from a range of locations $FF30 9 Program a range of locations in monitor MON_PRGRNGE $FF28 17 mode Erase a page or the entire array in monitor MON_ERARNGE $FF2C 11 mode Loads data from a range of locations in MON_LDRNGE $FF24 11 monitor mode Emulated EEPROM write. Data size ranges EE_WRITE $FD3F 24 from 2 to 15 bytes at a time. Emulated EEPROM read. Data size ranges EE_READ $FDD0 16 from 2 to 15 bytes at a time. 1. The listed stack size excludes the 2 bytes used by the calling instruction, JSR. The routines are designed to be called as stand-alone subroutines in the user program or monitor mode. The parameters that are passed to a routine are in the form of a contiguous data block, stored in RAM. The index register (H:X) is loaded with the address of the first byte of the data block (acting as a pointer), and the subroutine is called (JSR). Using the start address as a pointer, multiple data blocks can be used, any area of RAM be used. A data block has the control and data bytes in a defined order, as shown in Figure 7-8. During the software execution, it does not consume any dedicated RAM location, the run-time heap will extend the system stack, all other RAM location will not be affected. R A M FILE_PTR $XXXX BUS SPEED (BUS_SPD) ADDRESS AS POINTER DATA SIZE (DATASIZE) START ADDRESS HIGH (ADDRH) START ADDRESS LOW (ADDRL) DATA 0 DATA DATA 1 BLOCK DATA ARRAY DATA N Figure 7-8. Data Block Format for ROM-Resident Routines MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 95

Monitor ROM (MON) The control and data bytes are described below. (cid:127) Bus speed — This one byte indicates the operating bus speed of the MCU. The value of this byte should be equal to 4 times the bus speed, and should not be set to less than 4 (i.e. minimum bus speed is 1MHz). (cid:127) Data size — This one byte indicates the number of bytes in the data array that are to be manipulated. The maximum data array size is 128. Routines EE_WRITE and EE_READ are restricted to manipulate a data array between 2 to 15 bytes. Whereas routines ERARNGE and MON_ERARNGE do not manipulate a data array, thus, this data size byte has no meaning. (cid:127) Start address — These two bytes, high byte followed by low byte, indicate the start address of the FLASH memory to be manipulated. (cid:127) Data array — This data array contains data that are to be manipulated. Data in this array are programmed to FLASH memory by the programming routines: PRGRNGE, MON_PRGRNGE, EE_WRITE. For the read routines: LDRNGE, MON_LDRNGE, and EE_READ, data is read from FLASH and stored in this array. 7.5.1 PRGRNGE PRGRNGE is used to program a range of FLASH locations with data loaded into the data array. Table 7-11. PRGRNGE Routine Routine Name PRGRNGE Routine Description Program a range of locations Calling Address $FC06 Stack Used 15 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed (BUS_SPD) Data size (DATASIZE) Start address high (ADDRH) Start address (ADDRL) Data 1 (DATA1) : Data N (DATAN) The start location of the FLASH to be programmed is specified by the address ADDRH:ADDRL and the number of bytes from this location is specified by DATASIZE. The maximum number of bytes that can be programmed in one routine call is 128 bytes (max. DATASIZE is 128). ADDRH:ADDRL do not need to be at a page boundary, the routine handles any boundary misalignment during programming. A check to see that all bytes in the specified range are erased is not performed by this routine prior programming. Nor does this routine do a verification after programming, so there is no return confirmation that programming was successful. User must assure that the range specified is first erased. The coding example below is to program 32 bytes of data starting at FLASH location $EF00, with a bus speed of 4.9152 MHz. The coding assumes the data block is already loaded in RAM, with the address pointer, FILE_PTR, pointing to the first byte of the data block. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 96 Freescale Semiconductor

ROM-Resident Routines ORG RAM : FILE_PTR: BUS_SPD DS.B 1; Indicates 4x bus frequency DATASIZE DS.B 1; Data size to be programmed START_ADDR DS.W 1; FLASH start address DATAARRAY DS.B 32; Reserved data array PRGRNGE EQU $FC06 FLASH_START EQU $EF00 ORG FLASH INITIALISATION: MOV #20, BUS_SPD MOV #32, DATASIZE LDHX #FLASH_START STHX START_ADDR RTS MAIN: BSR INITIALISATION : : LDHX #FILE_PTR JSR PRGRNGE 7.5.2 ERARNGE ERARNGE is used to erase a range of locations in FLASH. Table 7-12. ERARNGE Routine Routine Name ERARNGE Routine Description Erase a page or the entire array Calling Address $FCBE Stack Used 9 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed (BUS_SPD) Data size (DATASIZE) Starting address (ADDRH) Starting address (ADDRL) There are two sizes of erase ranges: a page or the entire array. The ERARNGE will erase the page (64 consecutive bytes) in FLASH specified by the address ADDRH:ADDRL. This address can be any address within the page. Calling ERARNGE with ADDRH:ADDRL equal to $FFFF will erase the entire FLASH array (mass erase). Therefore, care must be taken when calling this routine to prevent an accidental mass erase. To avoid undesirable routine return addresses after a mass erase, the ERARNGE routine should not be called from code executed from FLASH memory. Load the code into an area of RAM before calling the ERARNGE routine. The ERARNGE routine do not use a data array. The DATASIZE byte is a dummy byte that is also not used. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 97

Monitor ROM (MON) The coding example below is to perform a page erase, from $EF00–$EF3F. The Initialization subroutine is the same as the coding example for PRGRNGE (see 7.5.1 PRGRNGE). ERARNGE EQU $FCBE MAIN: BSR INITIALISATION : : LDHX #FILE_PTR JSR ERARNGE : 7.5.3 LDRNGE LDRNGE is used to load the data array in RAM with data from a range of FLASH locations. Table 7-13. LDRNGE Routine Routine Name LDRNGE Routine Description Loads data from a range of locations Calling Address $FF30 Stack Used 9 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed (BUS_SPD) Data size (DATASIZE) Starting address (ADDRH) Starting address (ADDRL) Data 1 : Data N The start location of FLASH from where data is retrieved is specified by the address ADDRH:ADDRL and the number of bytes from this location is specified by DATASIZE. The maximum number of bytes that can be retrieved in one routine call is 128 bytes. The data retrieved from FLASH is loaded into the data array in RAM. Previous data in the data array will be overwritten. User can use this routine to retrieve data from FLASH that was previously programmed. The coding example below is to retrieve 32 bytes of data starting from $EF00 in FLASH. The Initialization subroutine is the same as the coding example for PRGRNGE (see 7.5.1 PRGRNGE). LDRNGE EQU $FF30 MAIN: BSR INITIALIZATION : : LDHX #FILE_PTR JSR LDRNGE : MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 98 Freescale Semiconductor

ROM-Resident Routines 7.5.4 MON_PRGRNGE In monitor mode, MON_PRGRNGE is used to program a range of FLASH locations with data loaded into the data array. Table 7-14. MON_PRGRNGE Routine Routine Name MON_PRGRNGE Routine Description Program a range of locations, in monitor mode Calling Address $FC28 Stack Used 17 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed Data size Starting address (high byte) Starting address (low byte) Data 1 : Data N The MON_PRGRNGE routine is designed to be used in monitor mode. It performs the same function as the PRGRNGE routine (see 7.5.1 PRGRNGE), except that MON_PRGRNGE returns to the main program via an SWI instruction. After a MON_PRGRNGE call, the SWI instruction will return the control back to the monitor code. 7.5.5 MON_ERARNGE In monitor mode, ERARNGE is used to erase a range of locations in FLASH. Table 7-15. MON_ERARNGE Routine Routine Name MON_ERARNGE Routine Description Erase a page or the entire array, in monitor mode Calling Address $FF2C Stack Used 11 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed Data size Starting address (high byte) Starting address (low byte) The MON_ERARNGE routine is designed to be used in monitor mode. It performs the same function as the ERARNGE routine (see 7.5.2 ERARNGE), except that MON_ERARNGE returns to the main program via an SWI instruction. After a MON_ERARNGE call, the SWI instruction will return the control back to the monitor code. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 99

Monitor ROM (MON) 7.5.6 MON_LDRNGE In monitor mode, LDRNGE is used to load the data array in RAM with data from a range of FLASH locations. Table 7-16. ICP_LDRNGE Routine Routine Name MON_LDRNGE Routine Description Loads data from a range of locations, in monitor mode Calling Address $FF24 Stack Used 11 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed Data size Starting address (high byte) Starting address (low byte) Data 1 : Data N The MON_LDRNGE routine is designed to be used in monitor mode. It performs the same function as the LDRNGE routine (see 7.5.3 LDRNGE), except that MON_LDRNGE returns to the main program via an SWI instruction. After a MON_LDRNGE call, the SWI instruction will return the control back to the monitor code. 7.5.7 EE_WRITE EE_WRITE is used to write a set of data from the data array to FLASH. Table 7-17. EE_WRITE Routine Routine Name EE_WRITE Emulated EEPROM write. Data size ranges from 2 to 15 bytes at Routine Description a time. Calling Address $FD3F Stack Used 24 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed (BUS_SPD) Data size (DATASIZE)(1) Starting address (ADDRH)(2) Starting address (ADDRL)(1) Data 1 : Data N 1. The minimum data size is 2 bytes. The maximum data size is 15 bytes. 2. The start address must be a page boundary start address: $xx00, $xx40, $xx80, or $00C0. The start location of the FLASH to be programmed is specified by the address ADDRH:ADDRL and the number of bytes in the data array is specified by DATASIZE. The minimum number of bytes that can be MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 100 Freescale Semiconductor

ROM-Resident Routines programmed in one routine call is 2 bytes, the maximum is 15 bytes. ADDRH:ADDRL must always be the start of boundary address (the page start address: $XX00, $XX40, $XX80, or $00C0) and DATASIZE must be the same size when accessing the same page. In some applications, the user may want to repeatedly store and read a set of data from an area of non-volatile memory. This is easily possible when using an EEPROM array. As the write and erase operations can be executed on a byte basis. For FLASH memory, the minimum erase size is the page — 64 bytes per page for MC68HC908JL8. If the data array size is less than the page size, writing and erasing to the same page cannot fully utilize the page. Unused locations in the page will be wasted. The EE_WRITE routine is designed to emulate the properties similar to the EEPROM. Allowing a more efficient use of the FLASH page for data storage. When the user dedicates a page of FLASH for data storage, and the size of the data array defined, each call of the EE_WRTIE routine will automatically transfer the data in the data array (in RAM) to the next blank block of locations in the FLASH page. Once a page is filled up, the EE_WRITE routine automatically erases the page, and starts to reuse the page again. In the 64-byte page, an 4-byte control block is used by the routine to monitor the utilization of the page. In effect, only 60 bytes are used for data storage. (see Figure 7-9). The page control operations are transparent to the user. F L A S H PAGE BOUNDARY CONTROL: 8 BYTES $XX00, $XX40, $XX80, OR $XXC0 DATA ARRAY DATA ARRAY DATA ARRAY ONE PAGE = 64 BYTES PAGE BOUNDARY Figure 7-9. EE_WRITE FLASH Memory Usage When using this routine to store a 3-byte data array, the FLASH page can be programmed 20 times before the an erase is required. In effect, the write/erase endurance is increased by 20 times. When a 15-byte data array is used, the write/erase endurance is increased by 5 times. Due to the FLASH page size limitation, the data array is limited from 2 bytes to 15 bytes. The coding example below uses the $EF00–$EE3F page for data storage. The data array size is 15 bytes, and the bus speed is 4.9152 MHz. The coding assumes the data block is already loaded in RAM, with the address pointer, FILE_PTR, pointing to the first byte of the data block. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 101

Monitor ROM (MON) ORG RAM : FILE_PTR: BUS_SPD DS.B 1; Indicates 4x bus frequency DATASIZE DS.B 1; Data size to be programmed START_ADDR DS.W 1; FLASH starting address DATAARRAY DS.B 15; Reserved data array EE_WRITE EQU $FD3F FLASH_START EQU $EF00 ORG FLASH INITIALISATION: MOV #20, BUS_SPD MOV #15, DATASIZE LDHX #FLASH_START STHX START_ADDR RTS MAIN: BSR INITIALISATION : : LHDX #FILE_PTR JSR EE_WRITE NOTE The EE_WRITE routine is unable to check for incorrect data blocks, such as the FLASH page boundary address and data size. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the starting address indicated in the data block is at the FLASH page boundary and the data size is 2 to 15. If the FLASH page is already programmed with a data array with a different size, the EE_WRITE call will be ignored. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 102 Freescale Semiconductor

ROM-Resident Routines 7.5.8 EE_READ EE_READ is used to load the data array in RAM with a set of data from FLASH. Table 7-18. EE_READ Routine Routine Name EE_READ Emulated EEPROM read. Data size ranges from 2 to 15 bytes at Routine Description a time. Calling Address $FDD0 Stack Used 16 bytes Data Block Format Bus speed (BUS_SPD) Data size (DATASIZE) Starting address (ADDRH)(1) Starting address (ADDRL)(1) Data 1 : Data N 1. The start address must be a page boundary start address: $xx00, $xx40, $xx80, or $00C0. The EE_READ routine reads data stored by the EE_WRITE routine. An EE_READ call will retrieve the last data written to a FLASH page and loaded into the data array in RAM. Same as EE_WRITE, the data size indicated by DATASIZE is 2 to 15, and the start address ADDRH:ADDRL must the FLASH page boundary address. The coding example below uses the data stored by the EE_WRITE coding example (see 7.5.7 EE_WRITE). It loads the 15-byte data set stored in the $EF00–$EE7F page to the data array in RAM. The initialization subroutine is the same as the coding example for EE_WRITE (see 7.5.7 EE_WRITE). EE_READ EQU $FDD0 MAIN: BSR INITIALIZATION : : LDHX FILE_PTR JSR EE_READ : NOTE The EE_READ routine is unable to check for incorrect data blocks, such as the FLASH page boundary address and data size. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the starting address indicated in the data block is at the FLASH page boundary and the data size is 2 to 15. If the FLASH page is programmed with a data array with a different size, the EE_READ call will be ignored. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 103

Monitor ROM (MON) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 104 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 8 Timer Interface Module (TIM) 8.1 Introduction This section describes the timer interface (TIM) module. The TIM is a two-channel timer that provides a timing reference with Input capture, output compare, and pulse-width-modulation functions. Figure 8-1 is a block diagram of the TIM. This particular MCU has two timer interface modules which are denoted as TIM1 and TIM2. 8.2 Features Features of the TIM include: (cid:127) Two input capture/output compare channels: – Rising-edge, falling-edge, or any-edge input capture trigger – Set, clear, or toggle output compare action (cid:127) Buffered and unbuffered pulse-width-modulation (PWM) signal generation (cid:127) Programmable TIM clock input – 7-frequency internal bus clock prescaler selection – External clock input on timer 2 (bus frequency ÷2 maximum) (cid:127) Free-running or modulo up-count operation (cid:127) Toggle any channel pin on overflow (cid:127) TIM counter stop and reset bits 8.3 Pin Name Conventions The text that follows describes both timers, TIM1 and TIM2. The TIM input/output (I/O) pin names are T[1,2]CH0 (timer channel 0) and T[1,2]CH1 (timer channel 1), where “1” is used to indicate TIM1 and “2” is used to indicate TIM2. The two TIMs share four I/O pins with four I/O port pins. The external clock input for TIM2 is shared with the an ADC channel pin. The full names of the TIM I/O pins are listed in Table 8-1. The generic pin names appear in the text that follows. Table 8-1. Pin Name Conventions TIM Generic Pin Names: T[1,2]CH0 T[1,2]CH1 T2CLK TIM1 PTD4/T1CH0 PTD5/T1CH1 — Full TIM Pin Names: TIM2 PTE0/T2CH0 PTE1/T2CH1 ADC12/T2CLK NOTE References to either timer 1 or timer 2 may be made in the following text by omitting the timer number. For example, TCH0 may refer generically to T1CH0 and T2CH0, and TCH1 may refer to T1CH1 and T2CH1. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 105

Timer Interface Module (TIM) 8.4 Functional Description Figure 8-1 shows the structure of the TIM. The central component of the TIM is the 16-bit TIM counter that can operate as a free-running counter or a modulo up-counter. The TIM counter provides the timing reference for the input capture and output compare functions. The TIM counter modulo registers, TMODH:TMODL, control the modulo value of the TIM counter. Software can read the TIM counter value at any time without affecting the counting sequence. The two TIM channels (per timer) are programmable independently as input capture or output compare channels. T2CLK (FOR TIM2 ONLY) PRESCALER SELECT INTERNAL PRESCALER BUS CLOCK TSTOP PS2 PS1 PS0 TRST 16-BIT COUNTER TOF INTERRUPT LOGIC TOIE 16-BIT COMPARATOR TMODH:TMODL TOV0 CHANNEL 0 ELS0B ELS0A CH0MAX PORT T[1,2]CH0 LOGIC 16-BIT COMPARATOR TCH0H:TCH0L CH0F 16-BIT LATCH INTERRUPT LOGIC MS0A CH0IE MS0B TOV1 CHANNEL 1 ELS0B ELS0A CH1MAX PORT T[1,2]CH1 S LOGIC U B 16-BIT COMPARATOR L A N TCH1H:TCH1L CH1F R TE 16-BIT LATCH CH01IE INTERRUPT IN LOGIC MS0A CH1IE Figure 8-1. TIM Block Diagram Figure 8-2 summarizes the timer registers. NOTE References to either timer 1 or timer 2 may be made in the following text by omitting the timer number. For example, TSC may generically refer to both T1SC and T2SC. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 106 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 TIM1 Status and Control Read: TOF 0 0 TOIE TSTOP PS2 PS1 PS0 $0020 Register Write: 0 TRST (T1SC) Reset: 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 TIM1 Counter Register Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0021 High Write: (T1CNTH) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM1 Counter Register Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $0022 Low Write: (T1CNTL) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM Counter Modulo Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0023 Register High Write: (TMODH) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TIM1 Counter Modulo Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $0024 Register Low Write: (T1MODL) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TIM1 Channel 0 Status Read: CH0F CH0IE MS0B MS0A ELS0B ELS0A TOV0 CH0MAX $0025 and Control Register Write: 0 (T1SC0) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM1 Channel 0 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0026 Register High Write: (T1CH0H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM1 Channel 0 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $0027 Register Low Write: (T1CH0L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM1 Channel 1 Status Read: CH1F 0 CH1IE MS1A ELS1B ELS1A TOV1 CH1MAX $0028 and Control Register Write: 0 (T1SC1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM1 Channel 1 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0029 Register High Write: (T1CH1H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM1 Channel 1 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $002A Register Low Write: (T1CH1L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM2 Status and Control Read: TOF 0 0 TOIE TSTOP PS2 PS1 PS0 $0030 Register Write: 0 TRST (T2SC) Reset: 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Counter Register Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0031 High Write: (T2CNTH) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Counter Register Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $0032 Low Write: (T2CNTL) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Counter Modulo Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0033 Register High Write: (T2MODH) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 =Unimplemented Figure 8-2. TIM I/O Register Summary (Sheet 1 of 2) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 107

Timer Interface Module (TIM) Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 TIM2 Counter Modulo Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $0034 Register Low Write: (T2MODL) Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TIM2 Channel 0 Status Read: CH0F CH0IE MS0B MS0A ELS0B ELS0A TOV0 CH0MAX $0035 and Control Register Write: 0 (T2SC0) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Channel 0 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0036 Register High Write: (T2CH0H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM2 Channel 0 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $0037 Register Low Write: (T2CH0L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM2 Channel 1 Status Read: CH1F 0 CH1IE MS1A ELS1B ELS1A TOV1 CH1MAX $0038 and Control Register Write: 0 (T2SC1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIM2 Channel 1 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 $0039 Register High Write: (T2CH1H) Reset: Indeterminate after reset TIM2 Channel 1 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 $003A Register Low Write: (T2CH1L) Reset: Indeterminate after reset =Unimplemented Figure 8-2. TIM I/O Register Summary (Sheet 2 of 2) 8.4.1 TIM Counter Prescaler The TIM1 clock source can be one of the seven prescaler outputs; TIM2 clock source can be one of the seven prescaler outputs or the TIM2 clock pin, T2CLK. The prescaler generates seven clock rates from the internal bus clock. The prescaler select bits, PS[2:0], in the TIM status and control register select the TIM clock source. 8.4.2 Input Capture With the input capture function, the TIM can capture the time at which an external event occurs. When an active edge occurs on the pin of an input capture channel, the TIM latches the contents of the TIM counter into the TIM channel registers, TCHxH:TCHxL. The polarity of the active edge is programmable. Input captures can generate TIM CPU interrupt requests. 8.4.3 Output Compare With the output compare function, the TIM can generate a periodic pulse with a programmable polarity, duration, and frequency. When the counter reaches the value in the registers of an output compare channel, the TIM can set, clear, or toggle the channel pin. Output compares can generate TIM CPU interrupt requests. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 108 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description 8.4.3.1 Unbuffered Output Compare Any output compare channel can generate unbuffered output compare pulses as described in 8.4.3 Output Compare. The pulses are unbuffered because changing the output compare value requires writing the new value over the old value currently in the TIM channel registers. An unsynchronized write to the TIM channel registers to change an output compare value could cause incorrect operation for up to two counter overflow periods. For example, writing a new value before the counter reaches the old value but after the counter reaches the new value prevents any compare during that counter overflow period. Also, using a TIM overflow interrupt routine to write a new, smaller output compare value may cause the compare to be missed. The TIM may pass the new value before it is written. Use the following methods to synchronize unbuffered changes in the output compare value on channel x: (cid:127) When changing to a smaller value, enable channel x output compare interrupts and write the new value in the output compare interrupt routine. The output compare interrupt occurs at the end of the current output compare pulse. The interrupt routine has until the end of the counter overflow period to write the new value. (cid:127) When changing to a larger output compare value, enable TIM overflow interrupts and write the new value in the TIM overflow interrupt routine. The TIM overflow interrupt occurs at the end of the current counter overflow period. Writing a larger value in an output compare interrupt routine (at the end of the current pulse) could cause two output compares to occur in the same counter overflow period. 8.4.3.2 Buffered Output Compare Channels 0 and 1 can be linked to form a buffered output compare channel whose output appears on the TCH0 pin. The TIM channel registers of the linked pair alternately control the output. Setting the MS0B bit in TIM channel 0 status and control register (TSC0) links channel 0 and channel 1. The output compare value in the TIM channel 0 registers initially controls the output on the TCH0 pin. Writing to the TIM channel 1 registers enables the TIM channel 1 registers to synchronously control the output after the TIM overflows. At each subsequent overflow, the TIM channel registers (0 or 1) that control the output are the ones written to last. TSC0 controls and monitors the buffered output compare function, and TIM channel 1 status and control register (TSC1) is unused. While the MS0B bit is set, the channel 1 pin, TCH1, is available as a general-purpose I/O pin. NOTE In buffered output compare operation, do not write new output compare values to the currently active channel registers. User software should track the currently active channel to prevent writing a new value to the active channel. Writing to the active channel registers is the same as generating unbuffered output compares. 8.4.4 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) By using the toggle-on-overflow feature with an output compare channel, the TIM can generate a PWM signal. The value in the TIM counter modulo registers determines the period of the PWM signal. The channel pin toggles when the counter reaches the value in the TIM counter modulo registers. The time between overflows is the period of the PWM signal. As Figure 8-3 shows, the output compare value in the TIM channel registers determines the pulse width of the PWM signal. The time between overflow and output compare is the pulse width. Program the TIM MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 109

Timer Interface Module (TIM) to clear the channel pin on output compare if the state of the PWM pulse is logic 1. Program the TIM to set the pin if the state of the PWM pulse is logic 0. The value in the TIM counter modulo registers and the selected prescaler output determines the frequency of the PWM output. The frequency of an 8-bit PWM signal is variable in 256 increments. Writing $00FF (255) to the TIM counter modulo registers produces a PWM period of 256 times the internal bus clock period if the prescaler select value is $000. See 8.9.1 TIM Status and Control Register. OVERFLOW OVERFLOW OVERFLOW PERIOD PULSE WIDTH TCHx OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT COMPARE COMPARE COMPARE Figure 8-3. PWM Period and Pulse Width The value in the TIM channel registers determines the pulse width of the PWM output. The pulse width of an 8-bit PWM signal is variable in 256 increments. Writing $0080 (128) to the TIM channel registers produces a duty cycle of 128/256 or 50%. 8.4.4.1 Unbuffered PWM Signal Generation Any output compare channel can generate unbuffered PWM pulses as described in 8.4.4 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The pulses are unbuffered because changing the pulse width requires writing the new pulse width value over the old value currently in the TIM channel registers. An unsynchronized write to the TIM channel registers to change a pulse width value could cause incorrect operation for up to two PWM periods. For example, writing a new value before the counter reaches the old value but after the counter reaches the new value prevents any compare during that PWM period. Also, using a TIM overflow interrupt routine to write a new, smaller pulse width value may cause the compare to be missed. The TIM may pass the new value before it is written. Use the following methods to synchronize unbuffered changes in the PWM pulse width on channel x: (cid:127) When changing to a shorter pulse width, enable channel x output compare interrupts and write the new value in the output compare interrupt routine. The output compare interrupt occurs at the end of the current pulse. The interrupt routine has until the end of the PWM period to write the new value. (cid:127) When changing to a longer pulse width, enable TIM overflow interrupts and write the new value in the TIM overflow interrupt routine. The TIM overflow interrupt occurs at the end of the current PWM period. Writing a larger value in an output compare interrupt routine (at the end of the current pulse) could cause two output compares to occur in the same PWM period. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 110 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description NOTE In PWM signal generation, do not program the PWM channel to toggle on output compare. Toggling on output compare prevents reliable 0% duty cycle generation and removes the ability of the channel to self-correct in the event of software error or noise. Toggling on output compare also can cause incorrect PWM signal generation when changing the PWM pulse width to a new, much larger value. 8.4.4.2 Buffered PWM Signal Generation Channels 0 and 1 can be linked to form a buffered PWM channel whose output appears on the TCH0 pin. The TIM channel registers of the linked pair alternately control the pulse width of the output. Setting the MS0B bit in TIM channel 0 status and control register (TSC0) links channel 0 and channel 1. The TIM channel 0 registers initially control the pulse width on the TCH0 pin. Writing to the TIM channel 1 registers enables the TIM channel 1 registers to synchronously control the pulse width at the beginning of the next PWM period. At each subsequent overflow, the TIM channel registers (0 or 1) that control the pulse width are the ones written to last. TSC0 controls and monitors the buffered PWM function, and TIM channel 1 status and control register (TSC1) is unused. While the MS0B bit is set, the channel 1 pin, TCH1, is available as a general-purpose I/O pin. NOTE In buffered PWM signal generation, do not write new pulse width values to the currently active channel registers. User software should track the currently active channel to prevent writing a new value to the active channel. Writing to the active channel registers is the same as generating unbuffered PWM signals. 8.4.4.3 PWM Initialization To ensure correct operation when generating unbuffered or buffered PWM signals, use the following initialization procedure: 1. In the TIM status and control register (TSC): a. Stop the TIM counter by setting the TIM stop bit, TSTOP. b. Reset the TIM counter and prescaler by setting the TIM reset bit, TRST. 2. In the TIM counter modulo registers (TMODH:TMODL), write the value for the required PWM period. 3. In the TIM channel x registers (TCHxH:TCHxL), write the value for the required pulse width. 4. In TIM channel x status and control register (TSCx): a. Write 0:1 (for unbuffered output compare or PWM signals) or 1:0 (for buffered output compare or PWM signals) to the mode select bits, MSxB:MSxA. (See Table 8-3.) b. Write 1 to the toggle-on-overflow bit, TOVx. c. Write 1:0 (to clear output on compare) or 1:1 (to set output on compare) to the edge/level select bits, ELSxB:ELSxA. The output action on compare must force the output to the complement of the pulse width level. (See Table 8-3.) NOTE In PWM signal generation, do not program the PWM channel to toggle on output compare. Toggling on output compare prevents reliable 0% duty MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 111

Timer Interface Module (TIM) cycle generation and removes the ability of the channel to self-correct in the event of software error or noise. Toggling on output compare can also cause incorrect PWM signal generation when changing the PWM pulse width to a new, much larger value. 5. In the TIM status control register (TSC), clear the TIM stop bit, TSTOP. Setting MS0B links channels 0 and 1 and configures them for buffered PWM operation. The TIM channel 0 registers (TCH0H:TCH0L) initially control the buffered PWM output. TIM status control register 0 (TSCR0) controls and monitors the PWM signal from the linked channels. Clearing the toggle-on-overflow bit, TOVx, inhibits output toggles on TIM overflows. Subsequent output compares try to force the output to a state it is already in and have no effect. The result is a 0% duty cycle output. Setting the channel x maximum duty cycle bit (CHxMAX) and setting the TOVx bit generates a 100% duty cycle output. (See 8.9.4 TIM Channel Status and Control Registers.) 8.5 Interrupts The following TIM sources can generate interrupt requests: (cid:127) TIM overflow flag (TOF) — The TOF bit is set when the TIM counter reaches the modulo value programmed in the TIM counter modulo registers. The TIM overflow interrupt enable bit, TOIE, enables TIM overflow CPU interrupt requests. TOF and TOIE are in the TIM status and control register. (cid:127) TIM channel flags (CH1F:CH0F) — The CHxF bit is set when an input capture or output compare occurs on channel x. Channel x TIM CPU interrupt requests are controlled by the channel x interrupt enable bit, CHxIE. Channel x TIM CPU interrupt requests are enabled when CHxIE = 1. CHxF and CHxIE are in the TIM channel x status and control register. 8.6 Low-Power Modes The WAIT and STOP instructions put the MCU in low power- consumption standby modes. 8.6.1 Wait Mode The TIM remains active after the execution of a WAIT instruction. In wait mode, the TIM registers are not accessible by the CPU. Any enabled CPU interrupt request from the TIM can bring the MCU out of wait mode. If TIM functions are not required during wait mode, reduce power consumption by stopping the TIM before executing the WAIT instruction. 8.6.2 Stop Mode The TIM is inactive after the execution of a STOP instruction. The STOP instruction does not affect register conditions or the state of the TIM counter. TIM operation resumes when the MCU exits stop mode after an external interrupt. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 112 Freescale Semiconductor

TIM During Break Interrupts 8.7 TIM During Break Interrupts A break interrupt stops the TIM counter. The system integration module (SIM) controls whether status bits in other modules can be cleared during the break state. The BCFE bit in the break flag control register (BFCR) enables software to clear status bits during the break state. (See 5.7.3 Break Flag Control Register (BFCR).) To allow software to clear status bits during a break interrupt, write a logic 1 to the BCFE bit. If a status bit is cleared during the break state, it remains cleared when the MCU exits the break state. To protect status bits during the break state, write a logic 0 to the BCFE bit. With BCFE at logic 0 (its default state), software can read and write I/O registers during the break state without affecting status bits. Some status bits have a 2-step read/write clearing procedure. If software does the first step on such a bit before the break, the bit cannot change during the break state as long as BCFE is at logic 0. After the break, doing the second step clears the status bit. 8.8 I/O Signals Port D shares two of its pins with TIM1 and port E shares two of its pins with TIM2. The ADC12/T2CLK pin is an external clock input to TIM2. The four TIM channel I/O pins are T1CH0, T1CH1, T2CH0, and T2CH1. 8.8.1 TIM Clock Pin (ADC12/T2CLK) ADC12/T2CLK is an external clock input that can be the clock source for the TIM2 counter instead of the prescaled internal bus clock. Select the ADC12/T2CLK input by writing logic 1’s to the three prescaler select bits, PS[2:0]. (See 8.9.1 TIM Status and Control Register.) The minimum T2CLK pulse width, T2CLK or T2CLK , is: LMIN HMIN 1 ------------------------------------- +t SU bus frequency The maximum T2CLK frequency is: bus frequency ÷ 2 ADC12/T2CLK is available as a ADC input channel pin when not used as the TIM2 clock input. 8.8.2 TIM Channel I/O Pins (PTD4/T1CH0, PTD5/T1CH1, PTE0/T2CH0, PTE1/T2CH1) Each channel I/O pin is programmable independently as an input capture pin or an output compare pin. T1CH0 and T2CH0 can be configured as buffered output compare or buffered PWM pins. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 113

Timer Interface Module (TIM) 8.9 I/O Registers NOTE References to either timer 1 or timer 2 may be made in the following text by omitting the timer number. For example, TSC may generically refer to both T1SC AND T2SC. These I/O registers control and monitor operation of the TIM: (cid:127) TIM status and control register (TSC) (cid:127) TIM counter registers (TCNTH:TCNTL) (cid:127) TIM counter modulo registers (TMODH:TMODL) (cid:127) TIM channel status and control registers (TSC0, TSC1) (cid:127) TIM channel registers (TCH0H:TCH0L, TCH1H:TCH1L) 8.9.1 TIM Status and Control Register The TIM status and control register (TSC): (cid:127) Enables TIM overflow interrupts (cid:127) Flags TIM overflows (cid:127) Stops the TIM counter (cid:127) Resets the TIM counter (cid:127) Prescales the TIM counter clock Address: T1SC, $0020 and T2SC, $0030 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: TOF 0 0 TOIE TSTOP PS2 PS1 PS0 Write: 0 TRST Reset: 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented Figure 8-4. TIM Status and Control Register (TSC) TOF — TIM Overflow Flag Bit This read/write flag is set when the TIM counter reaches the modulo value programmed in the TIM counter modulo registers. Clear TOF by reading the TIM status and control register when TOF is set and then writing a logic 0 to TOF. If another TIM overflow occurs before the clearing sequence is complete, then writing logic 0 to TOF has no effect. Therefore, a TOF interrupt request cannot be lost due to inadvertent clearing of TOF. Reset clears the TOF bit. Writing a logic 1 to TOF has no effect. 1 = TIM counter has reached modulo value 0 = TIM counter has not reached modulo value TOIE — TIM Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables TIM overflow interrupts when the TOF bit becomes set. Reset clears the TOIE bit. 1 = TIM overflow interrupts enabled 0 = TIM overflow interrupts disabled MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 114 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers TSTOP — TIM Stop Bit This read/write bit stops the TIM counter. Counting resumes when TSTOP is cleared. Reset sets the TSTOP bit, stopping the TIM counter until software clears the TSTOP bit. 1 = TIM counter stopped 0 = TIM counter active NOTE Do not set the TSTOP bit before entering wait mode if the TIM is required to exit wait mode. TRST — TIM Reset Bit Setting this write-only bit resets the TIM counter and the TIM prescaler. Setting TRST has no effect on any other registers. Counting resumes from $0000. TRST is cleared automatically after the TIM counter is reset and always reads as logic 0. Reset clears the TRST bit. 1 = Prescaler and TIM counter cleared 0 = No effect NOTE Setting the TSTOP and TRST bits simultaneously stops the TIM counter at a value of $0000. PS[2:0] — Prescaler Select Bits These read/write bits select one of the seven prescaler outputs as the input to the TIM counter as Table 8-2 shows. Reset clears the PS[2:0] bits. Table 8-2. Prescaler Selection PS2 PS1 PS0 TIM Clock Source 0 0 0 Internal bus clock ÷ 1 0 0 1 Internal bus clock ÷ 2 0 1 0 Internal bus clock ÷ 4 0 1 1 Internal bus clock ÷ 8 1 0 0 Internal bus clock ÷ 16 1 0 1 Internal bus clock ÷ 32 1 1 0 Internal bus clock ÷ 64 1 1 1 T2CLK (for TIM2 only) 8.9.2 TIM Counter Registers The two read-only TIM counter registers contain the high and low bytes of the value in the TIM counter. Reading the high byte (TCNTH) latches the contents of the low byte (TCNTL) into a buffer. Subsequent reads of TCNTH do not affect the latched TCNTL value until TCNTL is read. Reset clears the TIM counter registers. Setting the TIM reset bit (TRST) also clears the TIM counter registers. NOTE If you read TCNTH during a break interrupt, be sure to unlatch TCNTL by reading TCNTL before exiting the break interrupt. Otherwise, TCNTL retains the value latched during the break. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 115

Timer Interface Module (TIM) Address: T1CNTH, $0021 and T2CNTH, $0031 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented Figure 8-5. TIM Counter Registers High (TCNTH) Address: T1CNTL, $0022 and T2CNTL, $0032 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented Figure 8-6. TIM Counter Registers Low (TCNTL) 8.9.3 TIM Counter Modulo Registers The read/write TIM modulo registers contain the modulo value for the TIM counter. When the TIM counter reaches the modulo value, the overflow flag (TOF) becomes set, and the TIM counter resumes counting from $0000 at the next timer clock. Writing to the high byte (TMODH) inhibits the TOF bit and overflow interrupts until the low byte (TMODL) is written. Reset sets the TIM counter modulo registers. Address: T1MODH, $0023 and T2MODH, $0033 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 Write: Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Figure 8-7. TIM Counter Modulo Register High (TMODH) Address: T1MODL, $0024 and T2MODL, $0034 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Write: Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Figure 8-8. TIM Counter Modulo Register Low (TMODL) NOTE Reset the TIM counter before writing to the TIM counter modulo registers. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 116 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers 8.9.4 TIM Channel Status and Control Registers Each of the TIM channel status and control registers: (cid:127) Flags input captures and output compares (cid:127) Enables input capture and output compare interrupts (cid:127) Selects input capture, output compare, or PWM operation (cid:127) Selects high, low, or toggling output on output compare (cid:127) Selects rising edge, falling edge, or any edge as the active input capture trigger (cid:127) Selects output toggling on TIM overflow (cid:127) Selects 0% and 100% PWM duty cycle (cid:127) Selects buffered or unbuffered output compare/PWM operation Address: T1SC0, $0025 and T2SC0, $0035 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: CH0F CH0IE MS0B MS0A ELS0B ELS0A TOV0 CH0MAX Write: 0 Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 8-9. TIM Channel 0 Status and Control Register (TSC0) Address: T1SC1, $0028 and T2SC1, $0038 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: CH1F 0 CH1IE MS1A ELS1B ELS1A TOV1 CH1MAX Write: 0 Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 8-10. TIM Channel 1 Status and Control Register (TSC1) CHxF — Channel x Flag Bit When channel x is an input capture channel, this read/write bit is set when an active edge occurs on the channel x pin. When channel x is an output compare channel, CHxF is set when the value in the TIM counter registers matches the value in the TIM channel x registers. When TIM CPU interrupt requests are enabled (CHxIE = 1), clear CHxF by reading TIM channel x status and control register with CHxF set and then writing a logic 0 to CHxF. If another interrupt request occurs before the clearing sequence is complete, then writing logic 0 to CHxF has no effect. Therefore, an interrupt request cannot be lost due to inadvertent clearing of CHxF. Reset clears the CHxF bit. Writing a logic 1 to CHxF has no effect. 1 = Input capture or output compare on channel x 0 = No input capture or output compare on channel x CHxIE — Channel x Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables TIM CPU interrupt service requests on channel x. Reset clears the CHxIE bit. 1 = Channel x CPU interrupt requests enabled 0 = Channel x CPU interrupt requests disabled MSxB — Mode Select Bit B This read/write bit selects buffered output compare/PWM operation. MSxB exists only in the TIM1 channel 0 and TIM2 channel 0 status and control registers. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 117

Timer Interface Module (TIM) Setting MS0B disables the channel 1 status and control register and reverts TCH1 to general-purpose I/O. Reset clears the MSxB bit. 1 = Buffered output compare/PWM operation enabled 0 = Buffered output compare/PWM operation disabled MSxA — Mode Select Bit A When ELSxB:ELSxA ≠ 0:0, this read/write bit selects either input capture operation or unbuffered output compare/PWM operation. See Table 8-3. 1 = Unbuffered output compare/PWM operation 0 = Input capture operation When ELSxB:ELSxA = 0:0, this read/write bit selects the initial output level of the TCHx pin. See Table 8-3. Reset clears the MSxA bit. 1 = Initial output level low 0 = Initial output level high NOTE Before changing a channel function by writing to the MSxB or MSxA bit, set the TSTOP and TRST bits in the TIM status and control register (TSC). ELSxB and ELSxA — Edge/Level Select Bits When channel x is an input capture channel, these read/write bits control the active edge-sensing logic on channel x. When channel x is an output compare channel, ELSxB and ELSxA control the channel x output behavior when an output compare occurs. When ELSxB and ELSxA are both clear, channel x is not connected to an I/O port, and pin TCHx is available as a general-purpose I/O pin. Table 8-3 shows how ELSxB and ELSxA work. Reset clears the ELSxB and ELSxA bits. Table 8-3. Mode, Edge, and Level Selection MSxB:MSxA ELSxB:ELSxA Mode Configuration Pin under port control; X0 00 initial output level high Output preset Pin under port control; X1 00 initial output level low 00 01 Capture on rising edge only 00 10 Capture on falling edge only Input capture Capture on rising or 00 11 falling edge 01 01 Toggle output on compare Output compare 01 10 Clear output on compare or PWM 01 11 Set output on compare 1X 01 Toggle output on compare Buffered output 1X 10 compare or Clear output on compare buffered PWM 1X 11 Set output on compare MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 118 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers NOTE Before enabling a TIM channel register for input capture operation, make sure that the TCHx pin is stable for at least two bus clocks. TOVx — Toggle On Overflow Bit When channel x is an output compare channel, this read/write bit controls the behavior of the channel x output when the TIM counter overflows. When channel x is an input capture channel, TOVx has no effect. Reset clears the TOVx bit. 1 = Channel x pin toggles on TIM counter overflow 0 = Channel x pin does not toggle on TIM counter overflow NOTE When TOVx is set, a TIM counter overflow takes precedence over a channel x output compare if both occur at the same time. CHxMAX — Channel x Maximum Duty Cycle Bit When the TOVx bit is at logic 1, setting the CHxMAX bit forces the duty cycle of buffered and unbuffered PWM signals to 100%. As Figure 8-11 shows, the CHxMAX bit takes effect in the cycle after it is set or cleared. The output stays at the 100% duty cycle level until the cycle after CHxMAX is cleared. OVERFLOW OVERFLOW OVERFLOW OVERFLOW OVERFLOW PERIOD TCHx OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT COMPARE COMPARE COMPARE COMPARE CHxMAX Figure 8-11. CHxMAX Latency 8.9.5 TIM Channel Registers These read/write registers contain the captured TIM counter value of the input capture function or the output compare value of the output compare function. The state of the TIM channel registers after reset is unknown. In input capture mode (MSxB:MSxA = 0:0), reading the high byte of the TIM channel x registers (TCHxH) inhibits input captures until the low byte (TCHxL) is read. In output compare mode (MSxB:MSxA ≠ 0:0), writing to the high byte of the TIM channel x registers (TCHxH) inhibits output compares until the low byte (TCHxL) is written. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 119

Timer Interface Module (TIM) Address: T1CH0H, $0026 and T2CH0H, $0036 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 Write: Reset: Indeterminate after reset Figure 8-12. TIM Channel 0 Register High (TCH0H) Address: T1CH0L, $0027 and T2CH0L $0037 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Write: Reset: Indeterminate after reset Figure 8-13. TIM Channel 0 Register Low (TCH0L) Address: T1CH1H, $0029 and T2CH1H, $0039 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 Write: Reset: Indeterminate after reset Figure 8-14. TIM Channel 1 Register High (TCH1H) Address: T1CH1L, $002A and T2CH1L, $003A Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Write: Reset: Indeterminate after reset Figure 8-15. TIM Channel 1 Register Low (TCH1L) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 120 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 9 Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.1 Introduction This section describes the serial communications interface (SCI) module, which allows high-speed asynchronous communications with peripheral devices and other MCUs. 9.2 Features Features of the SCI module include the following: (cid:127) Full-duplex operation (cid:127) Standard mark/space non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format (cid:127) 32 programmable baud rates (cid:127) Programmable 8-bit or 9-bit character length (cid:127) Separately enabled transmitter and receiver (cid:127) Separate receiver and transmitter CPU interrupt requests (cid:127) Programmable transmitter output polarity (cid:127) Two receiver wakeup methods: – Idle line wakeup – Address mark wakeup (cid:127) Interrupt-driven operation with eight interrupt flags: – Transmitter empty – Transmission complete – Receiver full – Idle receiver input – Receiver overrun – Noise error – Framing error – Parity error (cid:127) Receiver framing error detection (cid:127) Hardware parity checking (cid:127) 1/16 bit-time noise detection (cid:127) Bus clock as baud rate clock source 9.3 Pin Name Conventions The generic names of the SCI I/O pins are: (cid:127) RxD (receive data) (cid:127) TxD (transmit data) The SCI I/O (input/output) lines are dedicated pins for the SCI module. Table 9-1 shows the full names and the generic names of the SCI I/O pins. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 121

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) The generic pin names appear in the text of this section. Table 9-1. Pin Name Conventions Generic Pin Names: RxD TxD Full Pin Names: PTD7/RxD PTD6/TxD INTERNAL BUS SCI DATA SCI DATA REGISTER REGISTER R RxD SHIFRTE RCEEGIVISETER DMAINTERRUPTCONTROL TRANSMITTEINTERRUPTCONTROL RECEIVERINTERRUPTCONTROL ERRORINTERRUPTCONTROL SHITFRT ARNESGMISITTER TxD TXINV SCTIE R8 TCIE T8 SCRIE ILIE DMARE TE SCTE DMATE RE TC RWU SCRF OR ORIE SBK IDLE NF NEIE FE FEIE PE PEIE LOOPS LOOPS ENSCI WAKEUP RECEIVE FLAG TRANSMIT CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL M BKF ENSCI WAKE RPF ILTY PRE- BAUD PEN BUS CLOCK ÷ 4 SCALER DIVIDER PTY ÷ 16 DATA SELECTION CONTROL Figure 9-1. SCI Module Block Diagram MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 122 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SCI Control Register 1 LOOPS ENSCI TXINV M WAKE ILTY PEN PTY $0013 Write: (SCC1) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: SCI Control Register 2 SCTIE TCIE SCRIE ILIE TE RE RWU SBK $0014 Write: (SCC2) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: R8 SCI Control Register 3 T8 DMARE DMATE ORIE NEIE FEIE PEIE $0015 Write: (SCC3) Reset: U U 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: SCTE TC SCRF IDLE OR NF FE PE $0016 SCI Status Register 1 (SCS1) Write: Reset: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: BKF RPF $0017 SCI Status Register 2 (SCS2) Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 SCI Data Register $0018 Write: T7 T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 T0 (SCDR) Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: 0 0 SCI Baud Rate Register SCP1 SCP0 R SCR2 SCR1 SCR0 $0019 Write: (SCBR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 =Unimplemented R = Reserved U = Unaffected Figure 9-2. SCI I/O Register Summary 9.4 Functional Description Figure 9-1 shows the structure of the SCI module. The SCI allows full-duplex, asynchronous, NRZ serial communication among the MCU and remote devices, including other MCUs. The transmitter and receiver of the SCI operate independently, although they use the same baud rate generator. During normal operation, the CPU monitors the status of the SCI, writes the data to be transmitted, and processes received data. The baud rate clock source for the SCI is the bus clock. 9.4.1 Data Format The SCI uses the standard non-return-to-zero mark/space data format illustrated in Figure 9-3. 8-BIT DATA FORMAT PARITY BIT M IN SCC1 CLEAR BIT NEXT START START BIT BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 STOP BIT BIT 9-BIT DATA FORMAT PARITY BIT M IN SCC1 SET BIT NEXT START START BIT BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 BIT 8 STOP BIT BIT Figure 9-3. SCI Data Formats MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 123

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.4.2 Transmitter Figure 9-4 shows the structure of the SCI transmitter. The baud rate clock source for the SCI is the bus clock. INTERNAL BUS PRE- BAUD BUS CLOCK ÷ 4 ÷ 16 SCI DATA REGISTER SCALER DIVIDER SCP1 11-BIT T SCP0 OP TRANSMIT AR T SHIFT REGISTER T SCR1 S S H 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 L TxD SCR2 SCR0 B UEST EST TXINV MS Q U E Q R E RRUPT VICE R M DR MITTER CPU INTE MITTER DMA SER PPETNY GENPAETRR8AITTYION LOAD FROM SC SHIFT ENABLE PREAMBLEALL 1s BREAKALL 0s S S AN AN DMATE TRANSMITTER TR TR DMATE CONTROL LOGIC SCTIE SCTE SCTE SBK DMATE SCTE LOOPS SCTIE SCTIE ENSCI TC TC TE TCIE TCIE Figure 9-4. SCI Transmitter 9.4.2.1 Character Length The transmitter can accommodate either 8-bit or 9-bit data. The state of the M bit in SCI control register 1 (SCC1) determines character length. When transmitting 9-bit data, bit T8 in SCI control register 3 (SCC3) is the ninth bit (bit 8). 9.4.2.2 Character Transmission During an SCI transmission, the transmit shift register shifts a character out to the TxD pin. The SCI data register (SCDR) is the write-only buffer between the internal data bus and the transmit shift register. To initiate an SCI transmission: MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 124 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description 1. Enable the SCI by writing a logic 1 to the enable SCI bit (ENSCI) in SCI control register 1 (SCC1). 2. Enable the transmitter by writing a logic 1 to the transmitter enable bit (TE) in SCI control register 2 (SCC2). 3. Clear the SCI transmitter empty bit by first reading SCI status register 1 (SCS1) and then writing to the SCDR. 4. Repeat step 3 for each subsequent transmission. At the start of a transmission, transmitter control logic automatically loads the transmit shift register with a preamble of logic 1s. After the preamble shifts out, control logic transfers the SCDR data into the transmit shift register. A logic 0 start bit automatically goes into the least significant bit position of the transmit shift register. A logic 1 stop bit goes into the most significant bit position. The SCI transmitter empty bit, SCTE, in SCS1 becomes set when the SCDR transfers a byte to the transmit shift register. The SCTE bit indicates that the SCDR can accept new data from the internal data bus. If the SCI transmit interrupt enable bit, SCTIE, in SCC2 is also set, the SCTE bit generates a transmitter CPU interrupt request. When the transmit shift register is not transmitting a character, the TxD pin goes to the idle condition, logic 1. If at any time software clears the ENSCI bit in SCI control register 1 (SCC1), the transmitter and receiver relinquish control of the port pin. 9.4.2.3 Break Characters Writing a logic 1 to the send break bit, SBK, in SCC2 loads the transmit shift register with a break character. A break character contains all logic 0s and has no start, stop, or parity bit. Break character length depends on the M bit in SCC1. As long as SBK is at logic 1, transmitter logic continuously loads break characters into the transmit shift register. After software clears the SBK bit, the shift register finishes transmitting the last break character and then transmits at least one logic 1. The automatic logic 1 at the end of a break character guarantees the recognition of the start bit of the next character. The SCI recognizes a break character when a start bit is followed by eight or nine logic 0 data bits and a logic 0 where the stop bit should be. Receiving a break character has these effects on SCI registers: (cid:127) Sets the framing error bit (FE) in SCS1 (cid:127) Sets the SCI receiver full bit (SCRF) in SCS1 (cid:127) Clears the SCI data register (SCDR) (cid:127) Clears the R8 bit in SCC3 (cid:127) Sets the break flag bit (BKF) in SCS2 (cid:127) May set the overrun (OR), noise flag (NF), parity error (PE), or reception in progress flag (RPF) bits 9.4.2.4 Idle Characters An idle character contains all logic 1s and has no start, stop, or parity bit. Idle character length depends on the M bit in SCC1. The preamble is a synchronizing idle character that begins every transmission. If the TE bit is cleared during a transmission, the TxD pin becomes idle after completion of the transmission in progress. Clearing and then setting the TE bit during a transmission queues an idle character to be sent after the character currently being transmitted. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 125

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) NOTE When queueing an idle character, return the TE bit to logic 1 before the stop bit of the current character shifts out to the TxD pin. Setting TE after the stop bit appears on TxD causes data previously written to the SCDR to be lost. Toggle the TE bit for a queued idle character when the SCTE bit becomes set and just before writing the next byte to the SCDR. 9.4.2.5 Inversion of Transmitted Output The transmit inversion bit (TXINV) in SCI control register 1 (SCC1) reverses the polarity of transmitted data. All transmitted values, including idle, break, start, and stop bits, are inverted when TXINV is at logic 1. (See 9.8.1 SCI Control Register 1.) 9.4.2.6 Transmitter Interrupts These conditions can generate CPU interrupt requests from the SCI transmitter: (cid:127) SCI transmitter empty (SCTE) — The SCTE bit in SCS1 indicates that the SCDR has transferred a character to the transmit shift register. SCTE can generate a transmitter CPU interrupt request. Setting the SCI transmit interrupt enable bit, SCTIE, in SCC2 enables the SCTE bit to generate transmitter CPU interrupt requests. (cid:127) Transmission complete (TC) — The TC bit in SCS1 indicates that the transmit shift register and the SCDR are empty and that no break or idle character has been generated. The transmission complete interrupt enable bit, TCIE, in SCC2 enables the TC bit to generate transmitter CPU interrupt requests. 9.4.3 Receiver Figure 9-5 shows the structure of the SCI receiver. 9.4.3.1 Character Length The receiver can accommodate either 8-bit or 9-bit data. The state of the M bit in SCI control register 1 (SCC1) determines character length. When receiving 9-bit data, bit R8 in SCI control register 2 (SCC2) is the ninth bit (bit 8). When receiving 8-bit data, bit R8 is a copy of the eighth bit (bit 7). 9.4.3.2 Character Reception During an SCI reception, the receive shift register shifts characters in from the RxD pin. The SCI data register (SCDR) is the read-only buffer between the internal data bus and the receive shift register. After a complete character shifts into the receive shift register, the data portion of the character transfers to the SCDR. The SCI receiver full bit, SCRF, in SCI status register 1 (SCS1) becomes set, indicating that the received byte can be read. If the SCI receive interrupt enable bit, SCRIE, in SCC2 is also set, the SCRF bit generates a receiver CPU interrupt request. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 126 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description INTERNAL BUS SCR1 SCP1 SCR2 SCI DATA REGISTER SCP0 SCR0 PRE- BAUD BUS CLOCK ÷ 4 SCALER DIVIDER ÷ 16 P 11-BIT RT O A T RECEIVE SHIFT REGISTER T S S DATA RxD H 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 L RECOVERY ALL 0s BKF s 1 RPF ALL MSB T S E U Q M E T RWU RRUPT R QUEST REQUES WILATKYE WLAOKGEIUCP SIDCLREF PU INTE VICE RE RRUPT PEN PARITY R8 C R E CHECKING RROR MA SE PU INT PTY IDLE E D C ILIE ILIE DMARE SCRF SCRIE SCRIE DMARE SCRF SCRIE DMARE DMARE OR OR ORIE ORIE NF NF NEIE NEIE FE FE FEIE FEIE PE PE PEIE PEIE Figure 9-5. SCI Receiver Block Diagram MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 127

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.4.3.3 Data Sampling The receiver samples the RxD pin at the RT clock rate. The RT clock is an internal signal with a frequency 16 times the baud rate. To adjust for baud rate mismatch, the RT clock is resynchronized at the following times (see Figure 9-6): (cid:127) After every start bit (cid:127) After the receiver detects a data bit change from logic 1 to logic 0 (after the majority of data bit samples at RT8, RT9, and RT10 returns a valid logic 1 and the majority of the next RT8, RT9, and RT10 samples returns a valid logic 0) To locate the start bit, data recovery logic does an asynchronous search for a logic 0 preceded by three logic 1s. When the falling edge of a possible start bit occurs, the RT clock begins to count to 16. START BIT LSB RxD START BIT START BIT DATA SAMPLES QUALIFICATION VERIFICATION SAMPLING RT CLOCK 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 RT CLOCK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 STATE RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT RT CLOCK RESET Figure 9-6. Receiver Data Sampling To verify the start bit and to detect noise, data recovery logic takes samples at RT3, RT5, and RT7. Table 9-2 summarizes the results of the start bit verification samples. Table 9-2. Start Bit Verification RT3, RT5, and RT7 Start Bit Noise Flag Samples Verification 000 Yes 0 001 Yes 1 010 Yes 1 011 No 0 100 Yes 1 101 No 0 110 No 0 111 No 0 Start bit verification is not successful if any two of the three verification samples are logic 1s. If start bit verification is not successful, the RT clock is reset and a new search for a start bit begins. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 128 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description To determine the value of a data bit and to detect noise, recovery logic takes samples at RT8, RT9, and RT10. Table 9-3 summarizes the results of the data bit samples. Table 9-3. Data Bit Recovery RT8, RT9, and RT10 Data Bit Noise Flag Samples Determination 000 0 0 001 0 1 010 0 1 011 1 1 100 0 1 101 1 1 110 1 1 111 1 0 NOTE The RT8, RT9, and RT10 samples do not affect start bit verification. If any or all of the RT8, RT9, and RT10 start bit samples are logic 1s following a successful start bit verification, the noise flag (NF) is set and the receiver assumes that the bit is a start bit. To verify a stop bit and to detect noise, recovery logic takes samples at RT8, RT9, and RT10. Table 9-4 summarizes the results of the stop bit samples. Table 9-4. Stop Bit Recovery RT8, RT9, and RT10 Framing Noise Flag Samples Error Flag 000 1 0 001 1 1 010 1 1 011 0 1 100 1 1 101 0 1 110 0 1 111 0 0 9.4.3.4 Framing Errors If the data recovery logic does not detect a logic 1 where the stop bit should be in an incoming character, it sets the framing error bit, FE, in SCS1. A break character also sets the FE bit because a break character has no stop bit. The FE bit is set at the same time that the SCRF bit is set. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 129

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.4.3.5 Baud Rate Tolerance A transmitting device may be operating at a baud rate below or above the receiver baud rate. Accumulated bit time misalignment can cause one of the three stop bit data samples to fall outside the actual stop bit. Then a noise error occurs. If more than one of the samples is outside the stop bit, a framing error occurs. In most applications, the baud rate tolerance is much more than the degree of misalignment that is likely to occur. As the receiver samples an incoming character, it resynchronizes the RT clock on any valid falling edge within the character. Resynchronization within characters corrects misalignments between transmitter bit times and receiver bit times. Slow Data Tolerance Figure 9-7 shows how much a slow received character can be misaligned without causing a noise error or a framing error. The slow stop bit begins at RT8 instead of RT1 but arrives in time for the stop bit data samples at RT8, RT9, and RT10. MSB STOP RECEIVER RT CLOCK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 T T T T T T T T T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 R R R R R R R R R T T T T T T T R R R R R R R DATA SAMPLES Figure 9-7. Slow Data For an 8-bit character, data sampling of the stop bit takes the receiver 9 bit times × 16 RT cycles + 10 RT cycles = 154 RT cycles. With the misaligned character shown in Figure 9-7, the receiver counts 154 RT cycles at the point when the count of the transmitting device is 9 bit times × 16 RT cycles + 3 RT cycles = 147 RT cycles. The maximum percent difference between the receiver count and the transmitter count of a slow 8-bit character with no errors is 154–147 -------------------------- ×100 = 4.54% 154 For a 9-bit character, data sampling of the stop bit takes the receiver 10 bit times × 16 RT cycles + 10 RT cycles = 170 RT cycles. With the misaligned character shown in Figure 9-7, the receiver counts 170 RT cycles at the point when the count of the transmitting device is 10 bit times × 16 RT cycles + 3 RT cycles = 163 RT cycles. The maximum percent difference between the receiver count and the transmitter count of a slow 9-bit character with no errors is 170–163 -------------------------- ×100 = 4.12% 170 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 130 Freescale Semiconductor

Functional Description Fast Data Tolerance Figure 9-8 shows how much a fast received character can be misaligned without causing a noise error or a framing error. The fast stop bit ends at RT10 instead of RT16 but is still there for the stop bit data samples at RT8, RT9, and RT10. STOP IDLE OR NEXT CHARACTER RECEIVER RT CLOCK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 T T T T T T T T T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 R R R R R R R R R T T T T T T T R R R R R R R DATA SAMPLES Figure 9-8. Fast Data For an 8-bit character, data sampling of the stop bit takes the receiver 9 bit times × 16 RT cycles + 10 RT cycles = 154 RT cycles. With the misaligned character shown in Figure 9-8, the receiver counts 154 RT cycles at the point when the count of the transmitting device is 10 bit times × 16 RT cycles = 160 RT cycles. The maximum percent difference between the receiver count and the transmitter count of a fast 8-bit character with no errors is 154–160 · -------------------------- ×100 = 3.90% 154 For a 9-bit character, data sampling of the stop bit takes the receiver 10 bit times × 16 RT cycles + 10 RT cycles = 170 RT cycles. With the misaligned character shown in Figure 9-8, the receiver counts 170 RT cycles at the point when the count of the transmitting device is 11 bit times × 16 RT cycles = 176 RT cycles. The maximum percent difference between the receiver count and the transmitter count of a fast 9-bit character with no errors is 170–176 -------------------------- ×100 = 3.53% 170 9.4.3.6 Receiver Wakeup So that the MCU can ignore transmissions intended only for other receivers in multiple-receiver systems, the receiver can be put into a standby state. Setting the receiver wakeup bit, RWU, in SCC2 puts the receiver into a standby state during which receiver interrupts are disabled. Depending on the state of the WAKE bit in SCC1, either of two conditions on the RxD pin can bring the receiver out of the standby state: MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 131

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) (cid:127) Address mark — An address mark is a logic 1 in the most significant bit position of a received character. When the WAKE bit is set, an address mark wakes the receiver from the standby state by clearing the RWU bit. The address mark also sets the SCI receiver full bit, SCRF. Software can then compare the character containing the address mark to the user-defined address of the receiver. If they are the same, the receiver remains awake and processes the characters that follow. If they are not the same, software can set the RWU bit and put the receiver back into the standby state. (cid:127) Idle input line condition — When the WAKE bit is clear, an idle character on the RxD pin wakes the receiver from the standby state by clearing the RWU bit. The idle character that wakes the receiver does not set the receiver idle bit, IDLE, or the SCI receiver full bit, SCRF. The idle line type bit, ILTY, determines whether the receiver begins counting logic 1s as idle character bits after the start bit or after the stop bit. NOTE With the WAKE bit clear, setting the RWU bit after the RxD pin has been idle may cause the receiver to wake up immediately. 9.4.3.7 Receiver Interrupts The following sources can generate CPU interrupt requests from the SCI receiver: (cid:127) SCI receiver full (SCRF) — The SCRF bit in SCS1 indicates that the receive shift register has transferred a character to the SCDR. SCRF can generate a receiver CPU interrupt request. Setting the SCI receive interrupt enable bit, SCRIE, in SCC2 enables the SCRF bit to generate receiver CPU interrupts. (cid:127) Idle input (IDLE) — The IDLE bit in SCS1 indicates that 10 or 11 consecutive logic 1s shifted in from the RxD pin. The idle line interrupt enable bit, ILIE, in SCC2 enables the IDLE bit to generate CPU interrupt requests. 9.4.3.8 Error Interrupts The following receiver error flags in SCS1 can generate CPU interrupt requests: (cid:127) Receiver overrun (OR) — The OR bit indicates that the receive shift register shifted in a new character before the previous character was read from the SCDR. The previous character remains in the SCDR, and the new character is lost. The overrun interrupt enable bit, ORIE, in SCC3 enables OR to generate SCI error CPU interrupt requests. (cid:127) Noise flag (NF) — The NF bit is set when the SCI detects noise on incoming data or break characters, including start, data, and stop bits. The noise error interrupt enable bit, NEIE, in SCC3 enables NF to generate SCI error CPU interrupt requests. (cid:127) Framing error (FE) — The FE bit in SCS1 is set when a logic 0 occurs where the receiver expects a stop bit. The framing error interrupt enable bit, FEIE, in SCC3 enables FE to generate SCI error CPU interrupt requests. (cid:127) Parity error (PE) — The PE bit in SCS1 is set when the SCI detects a parity error in incoming data. The parity error interrupt enable bit, PEIE, in SCC3 enables PE to generate SCI error CPU interrupt requests. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 132 Freescale Semiconductor

Low-Power Modes 9.5 Low-Power Modes The WAIT and STOP instructions put the MCU in low power- consumption standby modes. 9.5.1 Wait Mode The SCI module remains active after the execution of a WAIT instruction. In wait mode, the SCI module registers are not accessible by the CPU. Any enabled CPU interrupt request from the SCI module can bring the MCU out of wait mode. If SCI module functions are not required during wait mode, reduce power consumption by disabling the module before executing the WAIT instruction. Refer to 5.6 Low-Power Modes for information on exiting wait mode. 9.5.2 Stop Mode The SCI module is inactive after the execution of a STOP instruction. The STOP instruction does not affect SCI register states. SCI module operation resumes after an external interrupt. Because the internal clock is inactive during stop mode, entering stop mode during an SCI transmission or reception results in invalid data. Refer to 5.6 Low-Power Modes for information on exiting stop mode. 9.6 SCI During Break Module Interrupts The system integration module (SIM) controls whether status bits in other modules can be cleared during the break state. The BCFE bit in the break flag control register (BFCR) enables software to clear status bits during the break state. To allow software to clear status bits during a break interrupt, write a logic 1 to the BCFE bit. If a status bit is cleared during the break state, it remains cleared when the MCU exits the break state. To protect status bits during the break state, write a logic 0 to the BCFE bit. With BCFE at logic 0 (its default state), software can read and write I/O registers during the break state without affecting status bits. Some status bits have a 2-step read/write clearing procedure. If software does the first step on such a bit before the break, the bit cannot change during the break state as long as BCFE is at logic 0. After the break, doing the second step clears the status bit. 9.7 I/O Signals The two SCI I/O pins are: (cid:127) PTD6/TxD — Transmit data (cid:127) PTD7/RxD — Receive data 9.7.1 TxD (Transmit Data) The PTD6/TxD pin is the serial data output from the SCI transmitter. 9.7.2 RxD (Receive Data) The PTD7/RxD pin is the serial data input to the SCI receiver. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 133

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.8 I/O Registers These I/O registers control and monitor SCI operation: (cid:127) SCI control register 1 (SCC1) (cid:127) SCI control register 2 (SCC2) (cid:127) SCI control register 3 (SCC3) (cid:127) SCI status register 1 (SCS1) (cid:127) SCI status register 2 (SCS2) (cid:127) SCI data register (SCDR) (cid:127) SCI baud rate register (SCBR) 9.8.1 SCI Control Register 1 SCI control register 1: (cid:127) Enables loop mode operation (cid:127) Enables the SCI (cid:127) Controls output polarity (cid:127) Controls character length (cid:127) Controls SCI wakeup method (cid:127) Controls idle character detection (cid:127) Enables parity function (cid:127) Controls parity type Address: $0013 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: LOOPS ENSCI TXINV M WAKE ILTY PEN PTY Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 9-9. SCI Control Register 1 (SCC1) LOOPS — Loop Mode Select Bit This read/write bit enables loop mode operation. In loop mode the RxD pin is disconnected from the SCI, and the transmitter output goes into the receiver input. Both the transmitter and the receiver must be enabled to use loop mode. Reset clears the LOOPS bit. 1 = Loop mode enabled 0 = Normal operation enabled ENSCI — Enable SCI Bit This read/write bit enables the SCI and the SCI baud rate generator. Clearing ENSCI sets the SCTE and TC bits in SCI status register 1 and disables transmitter interrupts. Reset clears the ENSCI bit. 1 = SCI enabled 0 = SCI disabled TXINV — Transmit Inversion Bit This read/write bit reverses the polarity of transmitted data. Reset clears the TXINV bit. 1 = Transmitter output inverted 0 = Transmitter output not inverted NOTE Setting the TXINV bit inverts all transmitted values, including idle, break, start, and stop bits. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 134 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers M — Mode (Character Length) Bit This read/write bit determines whether SCI characters are eight or nine bits long. (See Table 9-5.) The ninth bit can serve as an extra stop bit, as a receiver wakeup signal, or as a parity bit. Reset clears the M bit. 1 = 9-bit SCI characters 0 = 8-bit SCI characters WAKE — Wakeup Condition Bit This read/write bit determines which condition wakes up the SCI: a logic 1 (address mark) in the most significant bit position of a received character or an idle condition on the RxD pin. Reset clears the WAKE bit. 1 = Address mark wakeup 0 = Idle line wakeup ILTY — Idle Line Type Bit This read/write bit determines when the SCI starts counting logic 1s as idle character bits. The counting begins either after the start bit or after the stop bit. If the count begins after the start bit, then a string of logic 1s preceding the stop bit may cause false recognition of an idle character. Beginning the count after the stop bit avoids false idle character recognition, but requires properly synchronized transmissions. Reset clears the ILTY bit. 1 = Idle character bit count begins after stop bit 0 = Idle character bit count begins after start bit PEN — Parity Enable Bit This read/write bit enables the SCI parity function. (See Table 9-5.) When enabled, the parity function inserts a parity bit in the most significant bit position. (See Figure 9-3.) Reset clears the PEN bit. 1 = Parity function enabled 0 = Parity function disabled PTY — Parity Bit This read/write bit determines whether the SCI generates and checks for odd parity or even parity. (See Table 9-5.) Reset clears the PTY bit. 1 = Odd parity 0 = Even parity NOTE Changing the PTY bit in the middle of a transmission or reception can generate a parity error. Table 9-5. Character Format Selection Control Bits Character Format Start Data Stop Character M PEN and PTY Parity Bits Bits Bits Length 0 0X 1 8 None 1 10 bits 1 0X 1 9 None 1 11 bits 0 10 1 7 Even 1 10 bits 0 11 1 7 Odd 1 10 bits 1 10 1 8 Even 1 11 bits 1 11 1 8 Odd 1 11 bits MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 135

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.8.2 SCI Control Register 2 SCI control register 2: (cid:127) Enables the following CPU interrupt requests: – Enables the SCTE bit to generate transmitter CPU interrupt requests – Enables the TC bit to generate transmitter CPU interrupt requests – Enables the SCRF bit to generate receiver CPU interrupt requests – Enables the IDLE bit to generate receiver CPU interrupt requests (cid:127) Enables the transmitter (cid:127) Enables the receiver (cid:127) Enables SCI wakeup (cid:127) Transmits SCI break characters Address: $0014 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SCTIE TCIE SCRIE ILIE TE RE RWU SBK Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 9-10. SCI Control Register 2 (SCC2) SCTIE — SCI Transmit Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables the SCTE bit to generate SCI transmitter CPU interrupt requests. Reset clears the SCTIE bit. 1 = SCTE enabled to generate CPU interrupt 0 = SCTE not enabled to generate CPU interrupt TCIE — Transmission Complete Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables the TC bit to generate SCI transmitter CPU interrupt requests. Reset clears the TCIE bit. 1 = TC enabled to generate CPU interrupt requests 0 = TC not enabled to generate CPU interrupt requests SCRIE — SCI Receive Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables the SCRF bit to generate SCI receiver CPU interrupt requests. Reset clears the SCRIE bit. 1 = SCRF enabled to generate CPU interrupt 0 = SCRF not enabled to generate CPU interrupt ILIE — Idle Line Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables the IDLE bit to generate SCI receiver CPU interrupt requests. Reset clears the ILIE bit. 1 = IDLE enabled to generate CPU interrupt requests 0 = IDLE not enabled to generate CPU interrupt requests MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 136 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers TE — Transmitter Enable Bit Setting this read/write bit begins the transmission by sending a preamble of 10 or 11 logic 1s from the transmit shift register to the TxD pin. If software clears the TE bit, the transmitter completes any transmission in progress before the TxD returns to the idle condition (logic 1). Clearing and then setting TE during a transmission queues an idle character to be sent after the character currently being transmitted. Reset clears the TE bit. 1 = Transmitter enabled 0 = Transmitter disabled NOTE Writing to the TE bit is not allowed when the enable SCI bit (ENSCI) is clear. ENSCI is in SCI control register 1. RE — Receiver Enable Bit Setting this read/write bit enables the receiver. Clearing the RE bit disables the receiver but does not affect receiver interrupt flag bits. Reset clears the RE bit. 1 = Receiver enabled 0 = Receiver disabled NOTE Writing to the RE bit is not allowed when the enable SCI bit (ENSCI) is clear. ENSCI is in SCI control register 1. RWU — Receiver Wakeup Bit This read/write bit puts the receiver in a standby state during which receiver interrupts are disabled. The WAKE bit in SCC1 determines whether an idle input or an address mark brings the receiver out of the standby state and clears the RWU bit. Reset clears the RWU bit. 1 = Standby state 0 = Normal operation SBK — Send Break Bit Setting and then clearing this read/write bit transmits a break character followed by a logic 1. The logic 1 after the break character guarantees recognition of a valid start bit. If SBK remains set, the transmitter continuously transmits break characters with no logic 1s between them. Reset clears the SBK bit. 1 = Transmit break characters 0 = No break characters being transmitted NOTE Do not toggle the SBK bit immediately after setting the SCTE bit. Toggling SBK before the preamble begins causes the SCI to send a break character instead of a preamble. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 137

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.8.3 SCI Control Register 3 SCI control register 3: (cid:127) Stores the ninth SCI data bit received and the ninth SCI data bit to be transmitted (cid:127) Enables these interrupts: – Receiver overrun interrupts – Noise error interrupts – Framing error interrupts (cid:127) Parity error interrupts Address: $0015 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: R8 T8 DMARE DMATE ORIE NEIE FEIE PEIE Write: Reset: U U 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented U = Unaffected Figure 9-11. SCI Control Register 3 (SCC3) R8 — Received Bit 8 When the SCI is receiving 9-bit characters, R8 is the read-only ninth bit (bit 8) of the received character. R8 is received at the same time that the SCDR receives the other 8 bits. When the SCI is receiving 8-bit characters, R8 is a copy of the eighth bit (bit 7). Reset has no effect on the R8 bit. T8 — Transmitted Bit 8 When the SCI is transmitting 9-bit characters, T8 is the read/write ninth bit (bit 8) of the transmitted character. T8 is loaded into the transmit shift register at the same time that the SCDR is loaded into the transmit shift register. Reset has no effect on the T8 bit. DMARE — DMA Receive Enable Bit CAUTION The DMA module is not included on this MCU. Writing a logic 1 to DMARE or DMATE may adversely affect MCU performance. 1 = DMA not enabled to service SCI receiver DMA service requests generated by the SCRF bit (SCI receiver CPU interrupt requests enabled) 0 = DMA not enabled to service SCI receiver DMA service requests generated by the SCRF bit (SCI receiver CPU interrupt requests enabled) DMATE — DMA Transfer Enable Bit CAUTION The DMA module is not included on this MCU. Writing a logic 1 to DMARE or DMATE may adversely affect MCU performance. 1 = SCTE DMA service requests enabled; SCTE CPU interrupt requests disabled 0 = SCTE DMA service requests disabled; SCTE CPU interrupt requests enabled ORIE — Receiver Overrun Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables SCI error CPU interrupt requests generated by the receiver overrun bit, OR. 1 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from OR bit enabled 0 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from OR bit disabled MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 138 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers NEIE — Receiver Noise Error Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables SCI error CPU interrupt requests generated by the noise error bit, NE. Reset clears NEIE. 1 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from NE bit enabled 0 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from NE bit disabled FEIE — Receiver Framing Error Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables SCI error CPU interrupt requests generated by the framing error bit, FE. Reset clears FEIE. 1 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from FE bit enabled 0 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from FE bit disabled PEIE — Receiver Parity Error Interrupt Enable Bit This read/write bit enables SCI error CPU interrupt requests generated by the parity error bit, PE. (See 9.8.4 SCI Status Register 1.) Reset clears PEIE. 1 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from PE bit enabled 0 = SCI error CPU interrupt requests from PE bit disabled 9.8.4 SCI Status Register 1 SCI status register 1 (SCS1) contains flags to signal these conditions: (cid:127) Transfer of SCDR data to transmit shift register complete (cid:127) Transmission complete (cid:127) Transfer of receive shift register data to SCDR complete (cid:127) Receiver input idle (cid:127) Receiver overrun (cid:127) Noisy data (cid:127) Framing error (cid:127) Parity error Address: $016 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SCTE TC SCRF IDLE OR NF FE PE Write: Reset: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented Figure 9-12. SCI Status Register 1 (SCS1) SCTE — SCI Transmitter Empty Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when the SCDR transfers a character to the transmit shift register. SCTE can generate an SCI transmitter CPU interrupt request. When the SCTIE bit in SCC2 is set, SCTE generates an SCI transmitter CPU interrupt request. In normal operation, clear the SCTE bit by reading SCS1 with SCTE set and then writing to SCDR. Reset sets the SCTE bit. 1 = SCDR data transferred to transmit shift register 0 = SCDR data not transferred to transmit shift register MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 139

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) TC — Transmission Complete Bit This read-only bit is set when the SCTE bit is set, and no data, preamble, or break character is being transmitted. TC generates an SCI transmitter CPU interrupt request if the TCIE bit in SCC2 is also set. TC is automatically cleared when data, preamble or break is queued and ready to be sent. There may be up to 1.5 transmitter clocks of latency between queueing data, preamble, and break and the transmission actually starting. Reset sets the TC bit. 1 = No transmission in progress 0 = Transmission in progress SCRF — SCI Receiver Full Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when the data in the receive shift register transfers to the SCI data register. SCRF can generate an SCI receiver CPU interrupt request. When the SCRIE bit in SCC2 is set, SCRF generates a CPU interrupt request. In normal operation, clear the SCRF bit by reading SCS1 with SCRF set and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears SCRF. 1 = Received data available in SCDR 0 = Data not available in SCDR IDLE — Receiver Idle Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when 10 or 11 consecutive logic 1s appear on the receiver input. IDLE generates an SCI receiver CPU interrupt request if the ILIE bit in SCC2 is also set. Clear the IDLE bit by reading SCS1 with IDLE set and then reading the SCDR. After the receiver is enabled, it must receive a valid character that sets the SCRF bit before an idle condition can set the IDLE bit. Also, after the IDLE bit has been cleared, a valid character must again set the SCRF bit before an idle condition can set the IDLE bit. Reset clears the IDLE bit. 1 = Receiver input idle 0 = Receiver input active (or idle since the IDLE bit was cleared) OR — Receiver Overrun Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when software fails to read the SCDR before the receive shift register receives the next character. The OR bit generates an SCI error CPU interrupt request if the ORIE bit in SCC3 is also set. The data in the shift register is lost, but the data already in the SCDR is not affected. Clear the OR bit by reading SCS1 with OR set and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears the OR bit. 1 = Receive shift register full and SCRF = 1 0 = No receiver overrun Software latency may allow an overrun to occur between reads of SCS1 and SCDR in the flag-clearing sequence. Figure 9-13 shows the normal flag-clearing sequence and an example of an overrun caused by a delayed flag-clearing sequence. The delayed read of SCDR does not clear the OR bit because OR was not set when SCS1 was read. Byte 2 caused the overrun and is lost. The next flag-clearing sequence reads byte 3 in the SCDR instead of byte 2. In applications that are subject to software latency or in which it is important to know which byte is lost due to an overrun, the flag-clearing routine can check the OR bit in a second read of SCS1 after reading the data register. NF — Receiver Noise Flag Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when the SCI detects noise on the RxD pin. NF generates an SCI error CPU interrupt request if the NEIE bit in SCC3 is also set. Clear the NF bit by reading SCS1 and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears the NF bit. 1 = Noise detected 0 = No noise detected MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 140 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers FE — Receiver Framing Error Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when a logic 0 is accepted as the stop bit. FE generates an SCI error CPU interrupt request if the FEIE bit in SCC3 also is set. Clear the FE bit by reading SCS1 with FE set and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears the FE bit. 1 = Framing error detected 0 = No framing error detected NORMAL FLAG CLEARING SEQUENCE 1 0 1 0 1 0 = = = = = = F F F F F F R R R R R R C C C C C C S S S S S S BYTE 1 BYTE 2 BYTE 3 BYTE 4 READ SCS1 READ SCS1 READ SCS1 SCRF = 1 SCRF = 1 SCRF = 1 OR = 0 OR = 0 OR = 0 READ SCDR READ SCDR READ SCDR BYTE 1 BYTE 2 BYTE 3 DELAYED FLAG CLEARING SEQUENCE 1 0 0 SCRF = 1 SCRF = OR = 1 SCRF = OR = 1 SCRF = 1OR = 1 SCRF = OR = 0 BYTE 1 BYTE 2 BYTE 3 BYTE 4 READ SCS1 READ SCS1 SCRF = 1 SCRF = 1 OR = 0 OR = 1 READ SCDR READ SCDR BYTE 1 BYTE 3 Figure 9-13. Flag Clearing Sequence PE — Receiver Parity Error Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when the SCI detects a parity error in incoming data. PE generates an SCI error CPU interrupt request if the PEIE bit in SCC3 is also set. Clear the PE bit by reading SCS1 with PE set and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears the PE bit. 1 = Parity error detected 0 = No parity error detected MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 141

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) 9.8.5 SCI Status Register 2 SCI status register 2 contains flags to signal the following conditions: (cid:127) Break character detected (cid:127) Incoming data Address: $0017 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: BKF RPF Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented Figure 9-14. SCI Status Register 2 (SCS2) BKF — Break Flag Bit This clearable, read-only bit is set when the SCI detects a break character on the RxD pin. In SCS1, the FE and SCRF bits are also set. In 9-bit character transmissions, the R8 bit in SCC3 is cleared. BKF does not generate a CPU interrupt request. Clear BKF by reading SCS2 with BKF set and then reading the SCDR. Once cleared, BKF can become set again only after logic 1s again appear on the RxD pin followed by another break character. Reset clears the BKF bit. 1 = Break character detected 0 = No break character detected RPF — Reception in Progress Flag Bit This read-only bit is set when the receiver detects a logic 0 during the RT1 time period of the start bit search. RPF does not generate an interrupt request. RPF is reset after the receiver detects false start bits (usually from noise or a baud rate mismatch) or when the receiver detects an idle character. Polling RPF before disabling the SCI module or entering stop mode can show whether a reception is in progress. 1 = Reception in progress 0 = No reception in progress 9.8.6 SCI Data Register The SCI data register (SCDR) is the buffer between the internal data bus and the receive and transmit shift registers. Reset has no effect on data in the SCI data register. Address: $0018 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 Write: T7 T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 T0 Reset: Unaffected by reset Figure 9-15. SCI Data Register (SCDR) R7/T7–R0/T0 — Receive/Transmit Data Bits Reading the SCDR accesses the read-only received data bits, R[7:0]. Writing to the SCDR writes the data to be transmitted, T[7:0]. Reset has no effect on the SCDR. NOTE Do not use read/modify/write instructions on the SCI data register. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 142 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers 9.8.7 SCI Baud Rate Register The baud rate register (SCBR) selects the baud rate for both the receiver and the transmitter. Address: $0019 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 SCP1 SCP0 R SCR2 SCR1 SCR0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented R = Reserved Figure 9-16. SCI Baud Rate Register (SCBR) SCP1 and SCP0 — SCI Baud Rate Prescaler Bits These read/write bits select the baud rate prescaler divisor as shown in Table 9-6. Reset clears SCP1 and SCP0. Table 9-6. SCI Baud Rate Prescaling SCP1 and SCP0 Prescaler Divisor (PD) 00 1 01 3 10 4 11 13 SCR2–SCR0 — SCI Baud Rate Select Bits These read/write bits select the SCI baud rate divisor as shown in Table 9-7. Reset clears SCR2–SCR0. Table 9-7. SCI Baud Rate Selection SCR2, SCR1, and SCR0 Baud Rate Divisor (BD) 000 1 001 2 010 4 011 8 100 16 101 32 110 64 111 128 Use this formula to calculate the SCI baud rate: SCI clock source baud rate = --------------------------------------------- 64×PD×BD where: SCI clock source = bus clock PD = prescaler divisor BD = baud rate divisor Table 9-8 shows the SCI baud rates that can be generated with a 4.9152MHz bus clock. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 143

Serial Communications Interface (SCI) Table 9-8. SCI Baud Rate Selection Examples Prescaler SCR2, SCR1, Baud Rate Baud Rate SCP1 and SCP0 Divisor (PD) and SCR0 Divisor (BD) (BUS CLOCK=4.9152MHz) 00 1 000 1 76,800 00 1 001 2 38,400 00 1 010 4 19,200 00 1 011 8 9,600 00 1 100 16 4,800 00 1 101 32 2,400 00 1 110 64 1,200 00 1 111 128 600 01 3 000 1 25,600 01 3 001 2 12,800 01 3 010 4 6,400 01 3 011 8 3,200 01 3 100 16 1,600 01 3 101 32 800 01 3 110 64 400 01 3 111 128 200 10 4 000 1 19,200 10 4 001 2 9,600 10 4 010 4 4,800 10 4 011 8 2,400 10 4 100 16 1,200 10 4 101 32 600 10 4 110 64 300 10 4 111 128 150 11 13 000 1 5,908 11 13 001 2 2,954 11 13 010 4 1,477 11 13 011 8 739 11 13 100 16 369 11 13 101 32 185 11 13 110 64 92 11 13 111 128 46 MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 144 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 10 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) 10.1 Introduction This section describes the 13-channel, 8-bit linear successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC). 10.2 Features Features of the ADC module include: (cid:127) 13 channels with multiplexed input (cid:127) Linear successive approximation with monotonicity (cid:127) 8-bit resolution (cid:127) Single or continuous conversion (cid:127) Conversion complete flag or conversion complete interrupt Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 ADC Status and Control Read: COCO AIEN ADCO ADCH4 ADCH3 ADCH2 ADCH1 ADCH0 $003C Register Write: (ADSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 Read: AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 ADC Data Register $003D Write: (ADR) Reset: Indeterminate after reset Read: 0 0 0 0 0 ADC Input Clock Register ADIV2 ADIV1 ADIV0 $003E Write: (ADICLK) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 10-1. ADC I/O Register Summary 10.3 Functional Description Thirteen ADC channels are available for sampling external sources at pins PTB0–PTB7, PTD0–PTD3, and ADC12/T2CLK. An analog multiplexer allows the single ADC converter to select one of the 13 ADC channels as ADC voltage input (ADCVIN). ADCVIN is converted by the successive approximation register-based counters. The ADC resolution is 8 bits. When the conversion is completed, ADC puts the result in the ADC data register and sets a flag or generates an interrupt. Figure 10-2 shows a block diagram of the ADC. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 145

Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) INTERNAL DATA BUS READ DDRB/DDRD WRITE DDRB/DDRD DISABLE DDRBx/DDRDx RESET WRITE PTB/PTD PTBx/PTDx ADCx READ PTB/PTD DISABLE ADC CHANNEL x ADC DATA REGISTER ADC0–ADC11 ADC12 CONVERSION ADC VOLTAGE IN INTERRUPT COMPLETE ADCVIN CHANNEL ADC SELECT ADCH[4:0] LOGIC (1 OF 13 CHANNELS) AIEN COCO ADC CLOCK CLOCK BUS CLOCK GENERATOR ADIV[2:0] Figure 10-2. ADC Block Diagram 10.3.1 ADC Port I/O Pins PTB0–PTB7 and PTD0–PTD3 are general-purpose I/O pins that are shared with the ADC channels. The channel select bits (ADC status and control register, $003C), define which ADC channel/port pin will be used as the input signal. The ADC overrides the port I/O logic by forcing that pin as input to the ADC. The remaining ADC channels/port pins are controlled by the port I/O logic and can be used as general-purpose I/O. Writes to the port register or DDR will not have any affect on the port pin that is selected by the ADC. Read of a port pin which is in use by the ADC will return a logic 0 if the corresponding DDR bit is at logic 0. If the DDR bit is at logic 1, the value in the port data latch is read. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 146 Freescale Semiconductor

Interrupts 10.3.2 Voltage Conversion When the input voltage to the ADC equals V , the ADC converts the signal to $FF (full scale). If the input DD voltage equals V , the ADC converts it to $00. Input voltages between V and V are a straight-line SS DD SS linear conversion. All other input voltages will result in $FF if greater than V and $00 if less than V . DD SS NOTE Input voltage should not exceed the analog supply voltages. 10.3.3 Conversion Time Fourteen ADC internal clocks are required to perform one conversion. The ADC starts a conversion on the first rising edge of the ADC internal clock immediately following a write to the ADSCR. If the ADC internal clock is selected to run at 1MHz, then one conversion will take 14µs to complete. With a 1MHz ADC internal clock the maximum sample rate is 71.43kHz. 14 ADC Clock Cycles Conversion Time = ADC Clock Frequency Number of Bus Cycles = Conversion Time × Bus Frequency 10.3.4 Continuous Conversion In the continuous conversion mode, the ADC continuously converts the selected channel filling the ADC data register with new data after each conversion. Data from the previous conversion will be overwritten whether that data has been read or not. Conversions will continue until the ADCO bit is cleared. The COCO bit (ADC status and control register, $003C) is set after each conversion and can be cleared by writing the ADC status and control register or reading of the ADC data register. 10.3.5 Accuracy and Precision The conversion process is monotonic and has no missing codes. 10.4 Interrupts When the AIEN bit is set, the ADC module is capable of generating a CPU interrupt after each ADC conversion. A CPU interrupt is generated if the COCO bit is at logic 0. The COCO bit is not used as a conversion complete flag when interrupts are enabled. 10.5 Low-Power Modes The following subsections describe the ADC in low-power modes. 10.5.1 Wait Mode The ADC continues normal operation during wait mode. Any enabled CPU interrupt request from the ADC can bring the MCU out of wait mode. If the ADC is not required to bring the MCU out of wait mode, power down the ADC by setting the ADCH[4:0] bits in the ADC status and control register to logic 1’s before executing the WAIT instruction. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 147

Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) 10.5.2 Stop Mode The ADC module is inactive after the execution of a STOP instruction. Any pending conversion is aborted. ADC conversions resume when the MCU exits stop mode. Allow one conversion cycle to stabilize the analog circuitry before attempting a new ADC conversion after exiting stop mode. 10.6 I/O Signals The ADC module has 12 channels that are shared with I/O port B and port D, and one channel on ADC12/T2CLK pin. 10.6.1 ADC Voltage In (ADCVIN) ADCVIN is the input voltage signal from one of the 13 ADC channels to the ADC module. 10.7 I/O Registers These I/O registers control and monitor ADC operation: (cid:127) ADC status and control register (ADSCR) (cid:127) ADC data register (ADR) (cid:127) ADC clock register (ADICLK) 10.7.1 ADC Status and Control Register The following paragraphs describe the function of the ADC status and control register. Address: $003C Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: COCO AIEN ADCO ADCH4 ADCH3 ADCH2 ADCH1 ADCH0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 = Unimplemented Figure 10-3. ADC Status and Control Register (ADSCR) COCO — Conversions Complete Bit When the AIEN bit is a logic 0, the COCO is a read-only bit which is set each time a conversion is completed. This bit is cleared whenever the ADC status and control register is written or whenever the ADC data register is read. Reset clears this bit. 1 = Conversion completed (AIEN = 0) 0 = Conversion not completed (AIEN = 0) When the AIEN bit is a logic 1 (CPU interrupt enabled), the COCO is a read-only bit, and will always be logic 0 when read. AIEN — ADC Interrupt Enable Bit When this bit is set, an interrupt is generated at the end of an ADC conversion. The interrupt signal is cleared when the data register is read or the status/control register is written. Reset clears the AIEN bit. 1 = ADC interrupt enabled 0 = ADC interrupt disabled MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 148 Freescale Semiconductor

I/O Registers ADCO — ADC Continuous Conversion Bit When set, the ADC will convert samples continuously and update the ADR register at the end of each conversion. Only one conversion is allowed when this bit is cleared. Reset clears the ADCO bit. 1 = Continuous ADC conversion 0 = One ADC conversion ADCH[4:0] — ADC Channel Select Bits ADCH[4:0] form a 5-bit field which is used to select one of the ADC channels. The five channel select bits are detailed in the following table. Care should be taken when using a port pin as both an analog and a digital input simultaneously to prevent switching noise from corrupting the analog signal. (See Table 10-1.) The ADC subsystem is turned off when the channel select bits are all set to one. This feature allows for reduced power consumption for the MCU when the ADC is not used. Reset sets all of these bits to a logic 1. NOTE Recovery from the disabled state requires one conversion cycle to stabilize. Table 10-1. MUX Channel Select ADCH4 ADCH3 ADCH2 ADCH1 ADCH0 ADC Channel Input Select 0 0 0 0 0 ADC0 PTB0 0 0 0 0 1 ADC1 PTB1 0 0 0 1 0 ADC2 PTB2 0 0 0 1 1 ADC3 PTB3 0 0 1 0 0 ADC4 PTB4 0 0 1 0 1 ADC5 PTB5 0 0 1 1 0 ADC6 PTB6 0 0 1 1 1 ADC7 PTB7 0 1 0 0 0 ADC8 PTD3 0 1 0 0 1 ADC9 PTD2 0 1 0 1 0 ADC10 PTD1 0 1 0 1 1 ADC11 PTD0 0 1 1 0 0 ADC12 ADC12/T2CLK 0 1 1 0 1 : : : : : — Unused(1) 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 — Reserved 1 1 1 0 0 — Reserved 1 1 1 0 1 V (2) DD 1 1 1 1 0 V (2) SS 1 1 1 1 1 ADC power off 1. If any unused channels are selected, the resulting ADC conversion will be unknown. 2. The voltage levels supplied from internal reference nodes as specified in the table are used to verify the operation of the ADC converter both in production test and for user applications. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 149

Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) 10.7.2 ADC Data Register One 8-bit result register is provided. This register is updated each time an ADC conversion completes. Address: $003D Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 Write: Reset: Indeterminate after reset = Unimplemented Figure 10-4. ADC Data Register (ADR) 10.7.3 ADC Input Clock Register This register selects the clock frequency for the ADC. Address: $003E Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 0 ADIV2 ADIV1 ADIV0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = Unimplemented Figure 10-5. ADC Input Clock Register (ADICLK) ADIV[2:0] — ADC Clock Prescaler Bits ADIV[2:0] form a 3-bit field which selects the divide ratio used by the ADC to generate the internal ADC clock. Table 10-2 shows the available clock configurations. The ADC clock should be set to approximately 1MHz. Table 10-2. ADC Clock Divide Ratio ADIV2 ADIV1 ADIV0 ADC Clock Rate 0 0 0 Bus Clock ÷ 1 0 0 1 Bus Clock ÷ 2 0 1 0 Bus Clock ÷ 4 0 1 1 Bus Clock ÷ 8 1 X X Bus Clock ÷ 16 X = don’t care MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 150 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 11 Input/Output (I/O) Ports 11.1 Introduction Twenty six (26) bidirectional input-output (I/O) pins form four parallel ports. All I/O pins are programmable as inputs or outputs. NOTE Connect any unused I/O pins to an appropriate logic level, either V or DD V . Although the I/O ports do not require termination for proper operation, SS termination reduces excess current consumption and the possibility of electrostatic damage. Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTA7 PTA6 PTA5 PTA4 PTA3 PTA2 PTA1 PTA0 $0000 Port A Data Register (PTA) Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: PTB7 PTB6 PTB5 PTB4 PTB3 PTB2 PTB1 PTB0 $0001 Port B Data Register (PTB) Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: PTD7 PTD6 PTD5 PTD4 PTD3 PTD2 PTD1 PTD0 $0003 Port D Data Register (PTD) Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: Data Direction Register A DDRA7 DDRA6 DDRA5 DDRA4 DDRA3 DDRA2 DDRA1 DDRA0 $0004 Write: (DDRA) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: Data Direction Register B DDRB7 DDRB6 DDRB5 DDRB4 DDRB3 DDRB2 DDRB1 DDRB0 $0005 Write: (DDRB) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: Data Direction Register D DDRD7 DDRD6 DDRD5 DDRD4 DDRD3 DDRD2 DDRD1 DDRD0 $0007 Write: (DDRD) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: Port E Data Register PTE1 PTE0 $0008 Write: (PTE) Reset: Unaffected by reset Read: 0 0 0 0 Port D Control Register SLOWD7 SLOWD6 PTDPU7 PTDPU6 $000A Write: (PDCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read: Data Direction Register E DDRE1 DDRE0 $000C Write: (DDRE) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-1. I/O Port Register Summary MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 151

Input/Output (I/O) Ports Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Port A Input Pull-up Enable Read: PTA6EN PTAPUE6 PTAPUE5 PTAPUE4 PTAPUE3 PTAPUE2 PTAPUE1 PTAPUE0 $000D Register Write: (PTAPUE) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PTA7 Input Pull-up Read: PTAPUE7 $000E Enable Register Write: (PTA7PUE) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-1. I/O Port Register Summary Table 11-1. Port Control Register Bits Summary Module Control Port Bit DDR Pin Module Register Control Bit 0 DDRA0 KBIE0 PTA0/KBI0 1 DDRA1 KBIE1 PTA1/KBI1 2 DDRA2 KBIE2 PTA2/KBI2 KBI KBIER ($001B) 3 DDRA3 KBIE3 PTA3/KBI3 A 4 DDRA4 KBIE4 PTA4/KBI4 5 DDRA5 KBIE5 PTA5/KBI5 OSC PTAPUE ($000D) PTA6EN 6 DDRA6 RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6(1) KBI KBIER ($001B) KBIE6 7 DDRA7 KBI KBIER ($001B) KBIE7 PTA7/KBI7 0 DDRB0 PTB0/ADC0 1 DDRB1 PTB1/ADC1 2 DDRB2 PTB2/ADC2 3 DDRB3 PTB3/ADC3 B ADC ADSCR ($003C) ADCH[4:0] 4 DDRB4 PTB4/ADC4 5 DDRB5 PTB5/ADC5 6 DDRB6 PTB6/ADC6 7 DDRB7 PTB7/ADC7 0 DDRD0 PTD0/ADC11 1 DDRD1 PTD1/ADC10 ADC ADSCR ($003C) ADCH[4:0] 2 DDRD2 PTD2/ADC9 3 DDRD3 PTD3/ADC8 D 4 DDRD4 T1SC0 ($0025) ELS0B:ELS0A PTD4/T1CH0 TIM1 5 DDRD5 T1SC1 ($0028) ELS1B:ELS1A PTD5/T1CH1 6 DDRD6 PTD6/TxD SCI SCC1 ($0013) ENSCI 7 DDRD7 PTD7/RxD 0 DDRE0 T2SC0 ($0035) ELS0B:ELS0A PTE0/T2CH0 E TIM2 1 DDRE1 T2SC1 ($0038) ELS1B:ELS1A PTE1/T2CH1 1. RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 pin is only available when OSCSEL=0 (RC option); PTAPUE register has priority control over the port pin. RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 is the OSC2 pin when OSCSEL=1 (XTAL option). MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 152 Freescale Semiconductor

Port A 11.2 Port A Port A is an 8-bit special function port that shares all of its pins with the keyboard interrupt (KBI) module (see Chapter 13 Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI)). Each port A pin also has software configurable pull-up device if the corresponding port pin is configured as input port. PTA0–PTA5 and PTA7 has direct LED drive capability. NOTE PTA0–PTA5 pins are available on 28-pin and 32-pin packages only. PTA7 pin is available on 32-pin packages only. 11.2.1 Port A Data Register (PTA) The port A data register (PTA) contains a data latch for each of the eight port A pins. Address: $0000 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTA7 PTA6 PTA5 PTA4 PTA3 PTA2 PTA1 PTA0 Write: Reset: Unaffected by Reset LED LED LED LED LED LED LED Additional Functions: (Sink) (Sink) (Sink) (Sink) (Sink) (Sink) (Sink) pull-up pull-up pull-up pull-up pull-up pull-up pull-up pull-up Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Alternative Functions: Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Figure 11-2. Port A Data Register (PTA) PTA[7:0] — Port A Data Bits These read/write bits are software programmable. Data direction of each port A pin is under the control of the corresponding bit in data direction register A. Reset has no effect on port A data. KBI7–KBI0 — Port A Keyboard Interrupts The keyboard interrupt enable bits, KBIE[7:0], in the keyboard interrupt control register (KBIER) enable the port A pins as external interrupt pins, (see Chapter 13 Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI)). 11.2.2 Data Direction Register A (DDRA) Data direction register A determines whether each port A pin is an input or an output. Writing a logic 1 to a DDRA bit enables the output buffer for the corresponding port A pin; a logic 0 disables the output buffer. NOTE For those devices packaged in a 28-pin package, PTA7 is not connected. DDRA7 should be set to a 1 to configure PTA7 as an output. For those devices packaged in a 20-pin package, PTA0–PTA5 and PTA7 are not connected. DDRA0–DDRA5 and DDRA7 should be set to a 1 to configure PTA0–PTA5 and PTA7 as outputs. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 153

Input/Output (I/O) Ports Address: $0004 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: DDRA7 DDRA6 DDRA5 DDRA4 DDRA3 DDRA2 DDRA1 DDRA0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-3. Data Direction Register A (DDRA) DDRA[7:0] — Data Direction Register A Bits These read/write bits control port A data direction. Reset clears DDRA[7:0], configuring all port A pins as inputs. 1 = Corresponding port A pin configured as output 0 = Corresponding port A pin configured as input NOTE Avoid glitches on port A pins by writing to the port A data register before changing data direction register A bits from 0 to 1. Figure 11-4 shows the port A I/O logic. READ DDRA ($0004) PTAPUEx WRITE DDRA ($0004) S DDRAx U RESET B A T A D WRITE PTA ($0000) AL PTAx PTAx N R E T N I READ PTA ($0000) To KBI Figure 11-4. Port A I/O Circuit When DDRAx is a logic 1, reading address $0000 reads the PTAx data latch. When DDRAx is a logic 0, reading address $0000 reads the voltage level on the pin. The data latch can always be written, regardless of the state of its data direction bit. Table 11-2 summarizes the operation of the port A pins. Table 11-2. Port A Pin Functions PTAPUE Accesses to DDRA Accesses to PTA DDRA Bit PTA Bit I/O Pin Mode Bit Read/Write Read Write 1 0 X(1) Input, VDD(2) DDRA[7:0] Pin PTA[7:0](3) 0 0 X Input, Hi-Z(4) DDRA[7:0] Pin PTA[7:0](3) X 1 X Output DDRA[7:0] PTA[7:0] PTA[7:0] 1. X = Don’t care. 2. Pin pulled to V by internal pull-up. DD 3. Writing affects data register, but does not affect input. 4. Hi-Z = High impedance. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 154 Freescale Semiconductor

Port A 11.2.3 Port A Input Pull-Up Enable Registers The port A input pull-up enable registers contain a software configurable pull-up device for each of the eight port A pins. Each bit is individually configurable and requires the corresponding data direction register, DDRAx be configured as input. Each pull-up device is automatically disabled when its corresponding DDRAx bit is configured as output. Address: $000D Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTA6EN PTAPUE6 PTAPUE5 PTAPUE4 PTAPUE3 PTAPUE2 PTAPUE1 PTAPUE0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-5. Port A Input Pull-up Enable Register (PTAPUE) Address: $000E Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTAPUE7 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-6. PTA7 Input Pull-up Enable Register (PTA7PUE) PTA6EN — Enable PTA6 on OSC2 This read/write bit configures the OSC2 pin function when RC oscillator option is selected. This bit has no effect for XTAL oscillator option. 1 = OSC2 pin configured for PTA6 I/O, and has all the interrupt and pull-up functions 0 = OSC2 pin outputs the RC oscillator clock (RCCLK) PTAPUE[7:0] — Port A Input Pull-up Enable Bits These read/write bits are software programmable to enable pull-up devices on port A pins. 1 = Corresponding port A pin configured to have internal pull-up if its DDRA bit is set to 0 0 = Pull-up device is disconnected on the corresponding port A pin regardless of the state of its DDRA bit MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 155

Input/Output (I/O) Ports 11.3 Port B Port B is an 8-bit special function port that shares all of its port pins with the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module, see Chapter 10 11.3.1 Port B Data Register (PTB) The port B data register contains a data latch for each of the eight port B pins. Address: $0001 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTB7 PTB6 PTB5 PTB4 PTB3 PTB2 PTB1 PTB0 Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Alternative Functions: ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC2 ADC0 Figure 11-7. Port B Data Register (PTB) PTB[7:0] — Port B Data Bits These read/write bits are software programmable. Data direction of each port B pin is under the control of the corresponding bit in data direction register B. Reset has no effect on port B data. ADC7–ADC0 — ADC channels 7 to 0 ADC7–ADC0 are pins used for the input channels to the analog-to-digital converter module. The channel select bits, ADCH[4:0], in the ADC status and control register define which port pin will be used as an ADC input and overrides any control from the port I/O logic. See Chapter 10 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). 11.3.2 Data Direction Register B (DDRB) Data direction register B determines whether each port B pin is an input or an output. Writing a logic 1 to a DDRB bit enables the output buffer for the corresponding port B pin; a logic 0 disables the output buffer. Address: $0005 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: DDRB7 DDRB6 DDRB5 DDRB4 DDRB3 DDRB2 DDRB1 DDRB0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-8. Data Direction Register B (DDRB) DDRB[7:0] — Data Direction Register B Bits These read/write bits control port B data direction. Reset clears DDRB[7:0], configuring all port B pins as inputs. 1 = Corresponding port B pin configured as output 0 = Corresponding port B pin configured as input NOTE Avoid glitches on port B pins by writing to the port B data register before changing data direction register B bits from 0 to 1. Figure 11-9 shows the port B I/O logic. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 156 Freescale Semiconductor

Port D READ DDRB ($0005) WRITE DDRB ($0005) S DDRBx U RESET B A T A D WRITE PTB ($0001) AL PTBx PTBx N R E T N I READ PTB ($0001) To Analog-To-Digital Converter Figure 11-9. Port B I/O Circuit When DDRBx is a logic 1, reading address $0001 reads the PTBx data latch. When DDRBx is a logic 0, reading address $0001 reads the voltage level on the pin. The data latch can always be written, regardless of the state of its data direction bit. Table 11-3 summarizes the operation of the port B pins. Table 11-3. Port B Pin Functions Accesses to DDRB Accesses to PTB DDRB Bit PTB Bit I/O Pin Mode Read/Write Read Write 0 X(1) Input, Hi-Z(2) DDRB[7:0] Pin PTB[7:0](3) 1 X Output DDRB[7:0] PTB[7:0] PTB[7:0] 1. X = don’t care. 2. Hi-Z = high impedance. 3. Writing affects data register, but does not affect the input. 11.4 Port D Port D is an 8-bit special function port that shares two of its pins with the serial communications interface module (see Chapter 9), two of its pins with the timer 1 interface module, (see Chapter 8), and four of its pins with the analog-to-digital converter module (see Chapter 10). PTD6 and PTD7 each has high current sink (25mA) and programmable pull-up. PTD2, PTD3, PTD6 and PTD7 each has LED sink capability. NOTE PTD0–PTD1 are available on 28-pin and 32-pin packages only. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 157

Input/Output (I/O) Ports 11.4.1 Port D Data Register (PTD) The port D data register contains a data latch for each of the eight port D pins. Address: $0003 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTD7 PTD6 PTD5 PTD4 PTD3 PTD2 PTD1 PTD0 Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset LED LED LED LED Additional Functions (Sink) (Sink) (Sink) (Sink) 25mA sink 25mA sink (Slow Edge) (Slow Edge) pull-up pull-up Alternative Functions: RxD TxD T1CH1 T1CH0 ADC8 ADC9 ADC10 ADC11 Figure 11-10. Port D Data Register (PTD) PTD[7:0] — Port D Data Bits These read/write bits are software programmable. Data direction of each port D pin is under the control of the corresponding bit in data direction register D. Reset has no effect on port D data. ADC11–ADC8 — ADC channels 11 to 8 ADC[11:8] are pins used for the input channels to the analog-to-digital converter module. The channel select bits, ADCH[4:0], in the ADC status and control register define which port pin will be used as an ADC input and overrides any control from the port I/O logic. See Chapter 10 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). T1CH1, T1CH0 — Timer 1 Channel I/Os The T1CH1 and T1CH0 pins are the TIM1 input capture/output compare pins. The edge/level select bits, ELSxB:ELSxA, determine whether the PTD4/T1CH0 and PTD5/T1CH1 pins are timer channel I/O pins or general-purpose I/O pins. See Chapter 8 Timer Interface Module (TIM). TxD, RxD — SCI Data I/O Pins The TxD and RxD pins are the transmit data output and receive data input for the SCI module. The enable SCI bit, ENSCI, in the SCI control register 1 enables the PTD6/TxD and PTD7/RxD pins as SCI TxD and RxD pins and overrides any control from the port I/O logic. See Chapter 9 Serial Communications Interface (SCI). 11.4.2 Data Direction Register D (DDRD) Data direction register D determines whether each port D pin is an input or an output. Writing a logic 1 to a DDRD bit enables the output buffer for the corresponding port D pin; a logic 0 disables the output buffer. NOTE For those devices packaged in a 20-pin package, PTD0–PTD1 and are not connected. DDRD0–DDRD1 should be set to a 1 to configure PTD0–PTD1 as outputs. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 158 Freescale Semiconductor

Port D Address: $0007 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: DDRD7 DDRD6 DDRD5 DDRD4 DDRD3 DDRD2 DDRD1 DDRD0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-11. Data Direction Register D (DDRD) DDRD[7:0] — Data Direction Register D Bits These read/write bits control port D data direction. Reset clears DDRD[7:0], configuring all port D pins as inputs. 1 = Corresponding port D pin configured as output 0 = Corresponding port D pin configured as input NOTE Avoid glitches on port D pins by writing to the port D data register before changing data direction register D bits from 0 to 1. Figure 11-12 shows the port D I/O logic. READ DDRD ($0007) PTDPU[6:7] WRITE DDRD ($0007) S DDRDx U RESET B A T A D WRITE PTD ($0003) AL PTDx PTDx N R E T N I READ PTD ($0003) To ADC, TIM1, SCI Figure 11-12. Port D I/O Circuit When DDRDx is a logic 1, reading address $0003 reads the PTDx data latch. When DDRDx is a logic 0, reading address $0003 reads the voltage level on the pin. The data latch can always be written, regardless of the state of its data direction bit. Table 11-4 summarizes the operation of the port D pins. Table 11-4. Port D Pin Functions Accesses to DDRD Accesses to PTD DDRD Bit PTD Bit I/O Pin Mode Read/Write Read Write 0 X(1) Input, Hi-Z(2) DDRD[7:0] Pin PTD[7:0](3) 1 X Output DDRD[7:0] PTD[7:0] PTD[7:0] 1. X = don’t care. 2. Hi-Z = high impedance. 3. Writing affects data register, but does not affect the input. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 159

Input/Output (I/O) Ports 11.4.3 Port D Control Register (PDCR) The port D control register enables/disables the pull-up resistor and slow-edge high current capability of pins PTD6 and PTD7. Address: $000A Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 SLOWD7 SLOWD6 PTDPU7 PTDPU6 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-13. Port D Control Register (PDCR) SLOWDx — Slow Edge Enable The SLOWD6 and SLOWD7 bits enable the slow-edge, open-drain, high current output (25mA sink) of port pins PTD6 and PTD7 respectively. DDRDx bit is not affected by SLOWDx. 1 = Slow edge enabled; pin is open-drain output 0 = Slow edge disabled; pin is push-pull (standard I/O) PTDPUx — Port D Pull-up Enable Bits The PTDPU6 and PTDPU7 bits enable the pull-up device on PTD6 and PTD7 respectively, regardless the status of DDRDx bit. 1 = Enable pull-up device 0 = Disable pull-up device 11.5 Port E Port E is a 2-bit special function port that shares its pins with the timer 2 interface module (see Chapter 8). NOTE PTE0–PTE1 are available on 32-pin packages only. 11.5.1 Port E Data Register (PTE) The port E data register contains a data latch for each of the two port E pins. Address: $0008 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: PTE1 PTE0 Write: Reset: Unaffected by reset Alternative Functions: T2CH1 T2CH0 Figure 11-14. Port E Data Register (PTE) PTE[1:0] — Port E Data Bits These read/write bits are software programmable. Data direction of each port E pin is under the control of the corresponding bit in data direction register E. Reset has no effect on port D data. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 160 Freescale Semiconductor

Port E T2CH1, T2CH0 — Timer 2 Channel I/Os The T2CH1 and T2CH0 pins are the TIM2 input capture/output compare pins. The edge/level select bits, ELSxB:ELSxA, determine whether the PTE0/T2CH0 and PTE1/T2CH1 pins are timer channel I/O pins or general-purpose I/O pins. See Chapter 8 Timer Interface Module (TIM). 11.5.2 Data Direction Register E (DDRE) Data direction register E determines whether each port E pin is an input or an output. Writing a logic 1 to a DDRE bit enables the output buffer for the corresponding port E pin; a logic 0 disables the output buffer. NOTE For those devices packaged in a 20-pin package and 28-pin package, PTE0–PTE1 are not connected. DDRE0–DDRE1 should be set to a 1 to configure PTE0–PTE1 as outputs. Address: $000C Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: DDRE1 DDRE0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 11-15. Data Direction Register E (DDRE) DDRE[1:0] — Data Direction Register E Bits These read/write bits control port E data direction. Reset clears DDRE[1:0], configuring all port E pins as inputs. 1 = Corresponding port E pin configured as output 0 = Corresponding port E pin configured as input NOTE Avoid glitches on port E pins by writing to the port E data register before changing data direction register E bits from 0 to 1. Figure 11-16 shows the port E I/O logic. READ DDRE ($000C) WRITE DDRE ($000C) S DDREx U RESET B A T A D WRITE PTE ($0008) AL PTEx PTEx N R E T N I READ PTE ($0008) To TIM2 Figure 11-16. Port E I/O Circuit MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 161

Input/Output (I/O) Ports When DDREx is a logic 1, reading address $0008 reads the PTEx data latch. When DDREx is a logic 0, reading address $0008 reads the voltage level on the pin. The data latch can always be written, regardless of the state of its data direction bit. Table 11-5 summarizes the operation of the port E pins. Table 11-5. Port E Pin Functions Accesses to DDRE Accesses to PTE DDRE Bit PTE Bit I/O Pin Mode Read/Write Read Write 0 X(1) Input, Hi-Z(2) DDRE[1:0] Pin PTE[1:0](3) 1 X Output DDRE[1:0] PTE[1:0] PTE[1:0] 1. X = don’t care. 2. Hi-Z = high impedance. 3. Writing affects data register, but does not affect the input. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 162 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 12 External Interrupt (IRQ) 12.1 Introduction The external interrupt (IRQ) module provides a maskable interrupt input. 12.2 Features Features of the IRQ module include the following: (cid:127) A dedicated external interrupt pin (IRQ) (cid:127) IRQ interrupt control bits (cid:127) Hysteresis buffer (cid:127) Programmable edge-only or edge and level interrupt sensitivity (cid:127) Automatic interrupt acknowledge (cid:127) Selectable internal pullup resistor 12.3 Functional Description A logic zero applied to the external interrupt pin can latch a CPU interrupt request. Figure 12-1 shows the structure of the IRQ module. Interrupt signals on the IRQ pin are latched into the IRQ latch. An interrupt latch remains set until one of the following actions occurs: (cid:127) Vector fetch — A vector fetch automatically generates an interrupt acknowledge signal that clears the IRQ latch. (cid:127) Software clear — Software can clear the interrupt latch by writing to the acknowledge bit in the interrupt status and control register (INTSCR). Writing a logic one to the ACK bit clears the IRQ latch. (cid:127) Reset — A reset automatically clears the interrupt latch. The external interrupt pin is falling-edge-triggered and is software-configurable to be either falling-edge or falling-edge and low-level-triggered. The MODE bit in the INTSCR controls the triggering sensitivity of the IRQ pin. When the interrupt pin is edge-triggered only, the CPU interrupt request remains set until a vector fetch, software clear, or reset occurs. When the interrupt pin is both falling-edge and low-level-triggered, the CPU interrupt request remains set until both of the following occur: (cid:127) Vector fetch or software clear (cid:127) Return of the interrupt pin to logic one MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 163

External Interrupt (IRQ) The vector fetch or software clear may occur before or after the interrupt pin returns to logic one. As long as the pin is low, the interrupt request remains pending. A reset will clear the latch and the MODE control bit, thereby clearing the interrupt even if the pin stays low. When set, the IMASK bit in the INTSCR mask all external interrupt requests. A latched interrupt request is not presented to the interrupt priority logic unless the IMASK bit is clear. NOTE The interrupt mask (I) in the condition code register (CCR) masks all interrupt requests, including external interrupt requests. (See 5.5 Exception Control.) RESET ACK TO CPU FOR VECTOR US FETCH BINILS/TBRIHUCTIONS B DECODER S RES VDD D D IRQPUD L A INTERNAL VDD IRQF A PULLUP N ER DEVICE CLR INT D Q SYNCHRONIZER IINRTQERRUPT IRQ CK REQUEST IMASK MODE HIGH TO MODE VOLTAGE SELECT DETECT LOGIC Figure 12-1. IRQ Module Block Diagram Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 IRQ Status and Control Read: 0 0 0 0 IRQF 0 IMASK MODE $001D Register Write: ACK (INTSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 =Unimplemented Figure 12-2. IRQ I/O Register Summary 12.3.1 IRQ Pin A logic zero on the IRQ pin can latch an interrupt request into the IRQ latch. A vector fetch, software clear, or reset clears the IRQ latch. If the MODE bit is set, the IRQ pin is both falling-edge-sensitive and low-level-sensitive. With MODE set, both of the following actions must occur to clear IRQ: MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 164 Freescale Semiconductor

IRQ Module During Break Interrupts (cid:127) Vector fetch or software clear — A vector fetch generates an interrupt acknowledge signal to clear the latch. Software may generate the interrupt acknowledge signal by writing a logic one to the ACK bit in the interrupt status and control register (INTSCR). The ACK bit is useful in applications that poll the IRQ pin and require software to clear the IRQ latch. Writing to the ACK bit prior to leaving an interrupt service routine can also prevent spurious interrupts due to noise. Setting ACK does not affect subsequent transitions on the IRQ pin. A falling edge that occurs after writing to the ACK bit latches another interrupt request. If the IRQ mask bit, IMASK, is clear, the CPU loads the program counter with the vector address at locations $FFFA and $FFFB. (cid:127) Return of the IRQ pin to logic one — As long as the IRQ pin is at logic zero, IRQ remains active. The vector fetch or software clear and the return of the IRQ pin to logic one may occur in any order. The interrupt request remains pending as long as the IRQ pin is at logic zero. A reset will clear the latch and the MODE control bit, thereby clearing the interrupt even if the pin stays low. If the MODE bit is clear, the IRQ pin is falling-edge-sensitive only. With MODE clear, a vector fetch or software clear immediately clears the IRQ latch. The IRQF bit in the INTSCR register can be used to check for pending interrupts. The IRQF bit is not affected by the IMASK bit, which makes it useful in applications where polling is preferred. Use the BIH or BIL instruction to read the logic level on the IRQ pin. NOTE When using the level-sensitive interrupt trigger, avoid false interrupts by masking interrupt requests in the interrupt routine. NOTE An internal pull-up resistor to V is connected to the IRQ pin; this can be DD disabled by setting the IRQPUD bit in the CONFIG2 register ($001E). 12.4 IRQ Module During Break Interrupts The system integration module (SIM) controls whether the IRQ latch can be cleared during the break state. The BCFE bit in the break flag control register (BFCR) enables software to clear the latches during the break state. (See Chapter 5 System Integration Module (SIM).) To allow software to clear the IRQ latch during a break interrupt, write a logic one to the BCFE bit. If a latch is cleared during the break state, it remains cleared when the MCU exits the break state. To protect the latches during the break state, write a logic zero to the BCFE bit. With BCFE at logic zero (its default state), writing to the ACK bit in the IRQ status and control register during the break state has no effect on the IRQ latch. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 165

External Interrupt (IRQ) 12.5 IRQ Status and Control Register (INTSCR) The IRQ status and control register (INTSCR) controls and monitors operation of the IRQ module. The INTSCR has the following functions: (cid:127) Shows the state of the IRQ flag (cid:127) Clears the IRQ latch (cid:127) Masks IRQ and interrupt request (cid:127) Controls triggering sensitivity of the IRQ interrupt pin Address: $001D Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 IRQF IMASK MODE Write: ACK Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 =Unimplemented Figure 12-3. IRQ Status and Control Register (INTSCR) IRQF — IRQ Flag Bit This read-only status bit is high when the IRQ interrupt is pending. 1 = IRQ interrupt pending 0 = IRQ interrupt not pending ACK — IRQ Interrupt Request Acknowledge Bit Writing a logic one to this write-only bit clears the IRQ latch. ACK always reads as logic zero. Reset clears ACK. IMASK — IRQ Interrupt Mask Bit Writing a logic one to this read/write bit disables IRQ interrupt requests. Reset clears IMASK. 1 = IRQ interrupt requests disabled 0 = IRQ interrupt requests enabled MODE — IRQ Edge/Level Select Bit This read/write bit controls the triggering sensitivity of the IRQ pin. Reset clears MODE. 1 = IRQ interrupt requests on falling edges and low levels 0 = IRQ interrupt requests on falling edges only Address: $001E Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: IRQPUD R R LVIT1 LVIT0 R R R Write: Reset: 0 0 0 Not affected Not affected 0 0 0 POR: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R =Reserved Figure 12-4. Configuration Register 2 (CONFIG2) IRQPUD — IRQ Pin Pull-Up Disable Bit IRQPUD disconnects the internal pull-up on the IRQ pin. 1 = Internal pull-up is disconnected 0 = Internal pull-up is connected between IRQ pin and V DD MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 166 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 13 Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI) 13.1 Introduction The keyboard interrupt module (KBI) provides eight independently maskable external interrupts which are accessible via PTA0–PTA7. When a port pin is enabled for keyboard interrupt function, an internal pull-up device is also enabled on the pin. 13.2 Features Features of the keyboard interrupt module include the following: (cid:127) Eight keyboard interrupt pins with pull-up devices (cid:127) Separate keyboard interrupt enable bits and one keyboard interrupt mask (cid:127) Programmable edge-only or edge- and level- interrupt sensitivity (cid:127) Exit from low-power modes Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Keyboard Status and Read: 0 0 0 0 KEYF 0 IMASKK MODEK $001A Control Register Write: ACKK (KBSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Keyboard Interrupt Read: KBIE7 KBIE6 KBIE5 KBIE4 KBIE3 KBIE2 KBIE1 KBIE0 $001B Enable Register Write: (KBIER) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 =Unimplemented Figure 13-1. KBI I/O Register Summary 13.3 I/O Pins The eight keyboard interrupt pins are shared with standard port I/O pins. The full name of the KBI pins are listed in Table 13-1. The generic pin name appear in the text that follows. Table 13-1. Pin Name Conventions KBI Pin Selected for KBI Function by KBIEx Full MCU Pin Name Generic Pin Name Bit in KBIER KBI0–KBI5 PTA0/KBI0–PTA5/KBI5 KBIE0–KBIE5 KBI6 OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6(1) KBIE6 KBI7 PTA7/KBI7 KBIE7 1. PTA6/KBI6 is only available when OSCSEL=0 at $FFD0 (RC option), and PTA6EN=1 at $000D. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 167

Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI) 13.4 Functional Description INTERNAL BUS NOTE: To prevent false interrupts, user should use software to debounce keyboard interrupt inputs. VECTOR FETCH KBI0 DECODER ACKK V DD KEYF RESET . CLR D Q KBIE0 SYNCHRONIZER KEYBOARD . CK INTERRUPT TO PULLUP ENABLE REQUEST . KEYBOARD IMASKK KBI7 INTERRUPT FF MODEK KBIE7 TO PULLUP ENABLE Figure 13-2. Keyboard Interrupt Block Diagram Writing to the KBIE7–KBIE0 bits in the keyboard interrupt enable register independently enables or disables each port A pin as a keyboard interrupt pin. Enabling a keyboard interrupt pin in port A also enables its internal pull-up device regardless of PTAPUEx bits in the port A input pull-up enable register (see 11.2.3 Port A Input Pull-Up Enable Registers). A logic 0 applied to an enabled keyboard interrupt pin latches a keyboard interrupt request. A keyboard interrupt is latched when one or more keyboard pins goes low after all were high. The MODEK bit in the keyboard status and control register controls the triggering mode of the keyboard interrupt. (cid:127) If the keyboard interrupt is edge-sensitive only, a falling edge on a keyboard pin does not latch an interrupt request if another keyboard pin is already low. To prevent losing an interrupt request on one pin because another pin is still low, software can disable the latter pin while it is low. (cid:127) If the keyboard interrupt is falling edge- and low level-sensitive, an interrupt request is present as long as any keyboard pin is low. If the MODEK bit is set, the keyboard interrupt pins are both falling edge- and low level-sensitive, and both of the following actions must occur to clear a keyboard interrupt request: (cid:127) Vector fetch or software clear — A vector fetch generates an interrupt acknowledge signal to clear the interrupt request. Software may generate the interrupt acknowledge signal by writing a logic 1 to the ACKK bit in the keyboard status and control register KBSCR. The ACKK bit is useful in applications that poll the keyboard interrupt pins and require software to clear the keyboard interrupt request. Writing to the ACKK bit prior to leaving an interrupt service routine can also prevent spurious interrupts due to noise. Setting ACKK does not affect subsequent transitions on the keyboard interrupt pins. A falling edge that occurs after writing to the ACKK bit latches another interrupt request. If the keyboard interrupt mask bit, IMASKK, is clear, the CPU loads the program counter with the vector address at locations $FFE0 and $FFE1. (cid:127) Return of all enabled keyboard interrupt pins to logic 1 — As long as any enabled keyboard interrupt pin is at logic 0, the keyboard interrupt remains set. The vector fetch or software clear and the return of all enabled keyboard interrupt pins to logic 1 may occur in any order. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 168 Freescale Semiconductor

Keyboard Interrupt Registers If the MODEK bit is clear, the keyboard interrupt pin is falling-edge-sensitive only. With MODEK clear, a vector fetch or software clear immediately clears the keyboard interrupt request. Reset clears the keyboard interrupt request and the MODEK bit, clearing the interrupt request even if a keyboard interrupt pin stays at logic 0. The keyboard flag bit (KEYF) in the keyboard status and control register can be used to see if a pending interrupt exists. The KEYF bit is not affected by the keyboard interrupt mask bit (IMASKK) which makes it useful in applications where polling is preferred. To determine the logic level on a keyboard interrupt pin, disable the pull-up device, use the data direction register to configure the pin as an input and then read the data register. NOTE Setting a keyboard interrupt enable bit (KBIEx) forces the corresponding keyboard interrupt pin to be an input, overriding the data direction register. However, the data direction register bit must be a logic 0 for software to read the pin. 13.4.1 Keyboard Initialization When a keyboard interrupt pin is enabled, it takes time for the internal pull-up to reach a logic 1. Therefore a false interrupt can occur as soon as the pin is enabled. To prevent a false interrupt on keyboard initialization: 1. Mask keyboard interrupts by setting the IMASKK bit in the keyboard status and control register. 2. Enable the KBI pins by setting the appropriate KBIEx bits in the keyboard interrupt enable register. 3. Write to the ACKK bit in the keyboard status and control register to clear any false interrupts. 4. Clear the IMASKK bit. An interrupt signal on an edge-triggered pin can be acknowledged immediately after enabling the pin. An interrupt signal on an edge- and level-triggered interrupt pin must be acknowledged after a delay that depends on the external load. Another way to avoid a false interrupt: 1. Configure the keyboard pins as outputs by setting the appropriate DDRA bits in the data direction register A. 2. Write logic 1’s to the appropriate port A data register bits. 3. Enable the KBI pins by setting the appropriate KBIEx bits in the keyboard interrupt enable register. 13.5 Keyboard Interrupt Registers Two registers control the operation of the keyboard interrupt module: (cid:127) Keyboard status and control register (cid:127) Keyboard interrupt enable register 13.5.1 Keyboard Status and Control Register (cid:127) Flags keyboard interrupt requests (cid:127) Acknowledges keyboard interrupt requests (cid:127) Masks keyboard interrupt requests (cid:127) Controls keyboard interrupt triggering sensitivity MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 169

Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI) Address: $001A Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 KEYF 0 IMASKK MODEK Write: ACKK Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 =Unimplemented Figure 13-3. Keyboard Status and Control Register (KBSCR) KEYF — Keyboard Flag Bit This read-only bit is set when a keyboard interrupt is pending on port A. Reset clears the KEYF bit. 1 = Keyboard interrupt pending 0 = No keyboard interrupt pending ACKK — Keyboard Acknowledge Bit Writing a logic 1 to this write-only bit clears the keyboard interrupt request on port A. ACKK always reads as logic 0. Reset clears ACKK. IMASKK— Keyboard Interrupt Mask Bit Writing a logic 1 to this read/write bit prevents the output of the keyboard interrupt mask from generating interrupt requests on port A. Reset clears the IMASKK bit. 1 = Keyboard interrupt requests masked 0 = Keyboard interrupt requests not masked MODEK — Keyboard Triggering Sensitivity Bit This read/write bit controls the triggering sensitivity of the keyboard interrupt pins on port A. Reset clears MODEK. 1 = Keyboard interrupt requests on falling edges and low levels 0 = Keyboard interrupt requests on falling edges only 13.5.2 Keyboard Interrupt Enable Register The port-A keyboard interrupt enable register enables or disables each port-A pin to operate as a keyboard interrupt pin Address: $001B Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: KBIE7 KBIE6 KBIE5 KBIE4 KBIE3 KBIE2 KBIE1 KBIE0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 13-4. Keyboard Interrupt Enable Register (KBIER) KBIE7–KBIE0 — Port-A Keyboard Interrupt Enable Bits Each of these read/write bits enables the corresponding keyboard interrupt pin on port-A to latch interrupt requests. Reset clears the keyboard interrupt enable register. 1 = KBIx pin enabled as keyboard interrupt pin 0 = KBIx pin not enabled as keyboard interrupt pin MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 170 Freescale Semiconductor

Low-Power Modes 13.6 Low-Power Modes The WAIT and STOP instructions put the MCU in low power-consumption standby modes. 13.6.1 Wait Mode The keyboard modules remain active in wait mode. Clearing the IMASKK bit in the keyboard status and control register enables keyboard interrupt requests to bring the MCU out of wait mode. 13.6.2 Stop Mode The keyboard module remains active in stop mode. Clearing the IMASKK bit in the keyboard status and control register enables keyboard interrupt requests to bring the MCU out of stop mode. 13.7 Keyboard Module During Break Interrupts The system integration module (SIM) controls whether the keyboard interrupt latch can be cleared during the break state. The BCFE bit in the break flag control register (BFCR) enables software to clear status bits during the break state. To allow software to clear the keyboard interrupt latch during a break interrupt, write a logic 1 to the BCFE bit. If a latch is cleared during the break state, it remains cleared when the MCU exits the break state. To protect the latch during the break state, write a logic 0 to the BCFE bit. With BCFE at logic 0 (its default state), writing to the keyboard acknowledge bit (ACKK) in the keyboard status and control register during the break state has no effect. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 171

Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 172 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 14 Computer Operating Properly (COP) 14.1 Introduction The computer operating properly (COP) module contains a free-running counter that generates a reset if allowed to overflow. The COP module helps software recover from runaway code. Prevent a COP reset by clearing the COP counter periodically. The COP module can be disabled through the COPD bit in the CONFIG1 register. 14.2 Functional Description Figure 14-1 shows the structure of the COP module. SIM ICLK 12-BIT SIM COUNTER SIM RESET CIRCUIT RESET STATUS REGISTER 2 INTERNAL RESET SOURCES(1) CLEAR ALL STAGES CLEAR STAGES 5–1 TIMEOUT P O RESET VECTOR FETCH C COPCTL WRITE COP CLOCK COP MODULE 6-BIT COP COUNTER COPEN (FROM SIM) COPD (FROM CONFIG1) RESET CLEAR COPCTL WRITE COP COUNTER COP RATE SEL (COPRS FROM CONFIG1) NOTE: See SIM section for more details. Figure 14-1. COP Block Diagram MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 173

Computer Operating Properly (COP) The COP counter is a free-running 6-bit counter preceded by the 12-bit system integration module (SIM) counter. If not cleared by software, the COP counter overflows and generates an asynchronous reset after 218– 24 or 213– 24 ICLK cycles; depending on the state of the COP rate select bit, COPRS, in configuration register 1. Writing any value to location $FFFF before an overflow occurs prevents a COP reset by clearing the COP counter and stages 12 through 5 of the SIM counter. NOTE Service the COP immediately after reset and before entering or after exiting stop mode to guarantee the maximum time before the first COP counter overflow. A COP reset pulls the RST pin low for 32 × ICLK cycles and sets the COP bit in the reset status register (RSR). (See 5.7.2 Reset Status Register (RSR).). NOTE Place COP clearing instructions in the main program and not in an interrupt subroutine. Such an interrupt subroutine could keep the COP from generating a reset even while the main program is not working properly. 14.3 I/O Signals The following paragraphs describe the signals shown in Figure 14-1. 14.3.1 ICLK ICLK is the internal oscillator output signal, typically 50-kHz. The ICLK frequency varies depending on the supply voltage. See Chapter 17 Electrical Specifications for ICLK parameters. 14.3.2 COPCTL Write Writing any value to the COP control register (COPCTL) (see 14.4 COP Control Register) clears the COP counter and clears bits 12 through 5 of the SIM counter. Reading the COP control register returns the low byte of the reset vector. 14.3.3 Power-On Reset The power-on reset (POR) circuit in the SIM clears the SIM counter 4096 ×ICLK cycles after power-up. 14.3.4 Internal Reset An internal reset clears the SIM counter and the COP counter. 14.3.5 Reset Vector Fetch A reset vector fetch occurs when the vector address appears on the data bus. A reset vector fetch clears the SIM counter. 14.3.6 COPD (COP Disable) The COPD signal reflects the state of the COP disable bit (COPD) in the configuration register 1 (CONFIG1). (See Chapter 3 Configuration and Mask Option Registers (CONFIG & MOR).) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 174 Freescale Semiconductor

COP Control Register 14.3.7 COPRS (COP Rate Select) The COPRS signal reflects the state of the COP rate select bit (COPRS) in the configuration register 1. Address: $001F Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: COPRS R R LVID R SSREC STOP COPD Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R =Reserved Figure 14-2. Configuration Register 1 (CONFIG1) COPRS — COP Rate Select Bit COPRS selects the COP timeout period. Reset clears COPRS. 1 = COP timeout period is (213 – 24) ICLK cycles 0 = COP timeout period is (218 – 24) ICLK cycles COPD — COP Disable Bit COPD disables the COP module. 1 = COP module disabled 0 = COP module enabled 14.4 COP Control Register The COP control register is located at address $FFFF and overlaps the reset vector. Writing any value to $FFFF clears the COP counter and starts a new timeout period. Reading location $FFFF returns the low byte of the reset vector. Address: $FFFF Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Low byte of reset vector Write: Clear COP counter Reset: Unaffected by reset Figure 14-3. COP Control Register (COPCTL) 14.5 Interrupts The COP does not generate CPU interrupt requests. 14.6 Monitor Mode The COP is disabled in monitor mode when V is present on the IRQ pin or on the RST pin. TST 14.7 Low-Power Modes The WAIT and STOP instructions put the MCU in low-power consumption standby modes. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 175

Computer Operating Properly (COP) 14.7.1 Wait Mode The COP continues to operate during wait mode. To prevent a COP reset during wait mode, periodically clear the COP counter in a CPU interrupt routine. 14.7.2 Stop Mode Stop mode turns off the ICLK input to the COP and clears the COP prescaler. Service the COP immediately before entering or after exiting stop mode to ensure a full COP timeout period after entering or exiting stop mode. To prevent inadvertently turning off the COP with a STOP instruction, a configuration option is available that disables the STOP instruction. When the STOP bit in the configuration register has the STOP instruction is disabled, execution of a STOP instruction results in an illegal opcode reset. 14.8 COP Module During Break Mode The COP is disabled during a break interrupt when V is present on the RST pin. TST MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 176 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 15 Low Voltage Inhibit (LVI) 15.1 Introduction This section describes the low-voltage inhibit module (LVI), which monitors the voltage on the V pin DD and generates a reset when the V voltage falls to the LVI trip (LVI ) voltage. DD TRIP 15.2 Features Features of the LVI module include the following: (cid:127) Selectable LVI trip voltage (cid:127) Selectable LVI circuit disable 15.3 Functional Description Figure 15-1 shows the structure of the LVI module. The LVI is enabled after a reset. The LVI module contains a bandgap reference circuit and comparator. Setting LVI disable bit (LVID) disables the LVI to monitor V voltage. The LVI trip voltage selection bits (LVIT1, LVIT0) determine at which V level the DD DD LVI module should take actions. The LVI module generates one output signal: LVI Reset — an reset signal will be generated to reset the CPU when V drops to below the set trip DD point. V DD LVID V > LVI = 0 DD TRIP LVI RESET LOW VDD VDD < LVITRIP = 1 DETECTOR LVIT1 LVIT0 Figure 15-1. LVI Module Block Diagram MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 177

Low Voltage Inhibit (LVI) 15.4 LVI Control Register (CONFIG2/CONFIG1) The LVI module is controlled by three bits in the configuration registers, CONFIG1 and CONFIG2. Address: $001E Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: STOP_ IRQPUD R R LVIT1 LVIT0 R R Write: ICLKDIS Reset: 0 0 0 Cleared by POR only 0 0 0 Figure 15-2. Configuration Register 2 (CONFIG2) Address: $001F Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: COPRS R R LVID R SSREC STOP COPD Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 15-3. Configuration Register 1 (CONFIG1) LVID — Low Voltage Inhibit Disable Bit LVID disables the LVI module. Reset clears LVID. 1 = Low voltage inhibit disabled 0 = Low voltage inhibit enabled LVIT1, LVIT0 — LVI Trip Voltage Selection Bits These two bits determine at which level of V the LVI module will come into action. LVIT1 and LVIT0 DD are cleared by a power-on reset only. Table 15-1. Trip Voltage Selection LVIT1 LVIT0 Trip Voltage(1) Comments 0 0 VLVR3 (2.49V) For VDD=3V operation 0 1 VLVR3 (2.49V) For VDD=3V operation 1 0 VLVR5 (4.25V) For VDD=5V operation 1 1 Reserved 1. See Chapter 17 Electrical Specifications for full parameters. 15.5 Low-Power Modes The STOP and WAIT instructions put the MCU in low-power-consumption standby modes. 15.5.1 Wait Mode The LVI module, when enabled, will continue to operate in wait mode. 15.5.2 Stop Mode The LVI module, when enabled, will continue to operate in stop mode. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 178 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 16 Break Module (BREAK) 16.1 Introduction This section describes the break module. The break module can generate a break interrupt that stops normal program flow at a defined address to enter a background program. 16.2 Features Features of the break module include the following: (cid:127) Accessible I/O registers during the break Interrupt (cid:127) CPU-generated break interrupts (cid:127) Software-generated break interrupts (cid:127) COP disabling during break interrupts 16.3 Functional Description When the internal address bus matches the value written in the break address registers, the break module issues a breakpoint signal (BKPT) to the SIM. The SIM then causes the CPU to load the instruction register with a software interrupt instruction (SWI) after completion of the current CPU instruction. The program counter vectors to $FFFC and $FFFD ($FEFC and $FEFD in monitor mode). The following events can cause a break interrupt to occur: (cid:127) A CPU-generated address (the address in the program counter) matches the contents of the break address registers. (cid:127) Software writes a logic one to the BRKA bit in the break status and control register. When a CPU generated address matches the contents of the break address registers, the break interrupt begins after the CPU completes its current instruction. A return from interrupt instruction (RTI) in the break routine ends the break interrupt and returns the MCU to normal operation. Figure 16-1 shows the structure of the break module. IAB[15:8] BREAK ADDRESS REGISTER HIGH 8-BIT COMPARATOR IAB[15:0] CONTROL BKPT (TO SIM) 8-BIT COMPARATOR BREAK ADDRESS REGISTER LOW IAB[7:0] Figure 16-1. Break Module Block Diagram MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 179

Break Module (BREAK) Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SBSW R R R R R R R $FE00 Break Status Register (BSR) Write: See note Reset: 0 Break Flag Control Read: BCFE R R R R R R R $FE03 Register Write: (BFCR) Reset: 0 Break Address High Read: Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 $FE0C Register Write: (BRKH) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Break Address low Read: Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $FE0D Register Write: (BRKL) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Break Status and Control Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 BRKE BRKA $FE0E Register Write: (BRKSCR) Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Note: Writing a logic 0 clears SBSW. =Unimplemented R =Reserved Figure 16-2. Break I/O Register Summary 16.3.1 Flag Protection During Break Interrupts The system integration module (SIM) controls whether or not module status bits can be cleared during the break state. The BCFE bit in the break flag control register (BFCR) enables software to clear status bits during the break state. (See 5.7.3 Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) and see the Break Interrupts subsection for each module.) 16.3.2 CPU During Break Interrupts The CPU starts a break interrupt by: (cid:127) Loading the instruction register with the SWI instruction (cid:127) Loading the program counter with $FFFC:$FFFD ($FEFC:$FEFD in monitor mode) The break interrupt begins after completion of the CPU instruction in progress. If the break address register match occurs on the last cycle of a CPU instruction, the break interrupt begins immediately. 16.3.3 TIM During Break Interrupts A break interrupt stops the timer counter. 16.3.4 COP During Break Interrupts The COP is disabled during a break interrupt when V is present on the RST pin. TST MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 180 Freescale Semiconductor

Break Module Registers 16.4 Break Module Registers These registers control and monitor operation of the break module: (cid:127) Break status and control register (BRKSCR) (cid:127) Break address register high (BRKH) (cid:127) Break address register low (BRKL) (cid:127) Break status register (BSR) (cid:127) Break flag control register (BFCR) 16.4.1 Break Status and Control Register (BRKSCR) The break status and control register contains break module enable and status bits. Address: $FE0E Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 BRKE BRKA Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 =Unimplemented Figure 16-3. Break Status and Control Register (BRKSCR) BRKE — Break Enable Bit This read/write bit enables breaks on break address register matches. Clear BRKE by writing a logic zero to bit 7. Reset clears the BRKE bit. 1 = Breaks enabled on 16-bit address match 0 = Breaks disabled BRKA — Break Active Bit This read/write status and control bit is set when a break address match occurs. Writing a logic one to BRKA generates a break interrupt. Clear BRKA by writing a logic zero to it before exiting the break routine. Reset clears the BRKA bit. 1 = Break address match 0 = No break address match 16.4.2 Break Address Registers The break address registers contain the high and low bytes of the desired breakpoint address. Reset clears the break address registers. Address: $FE0C Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Bit 8 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 16-4. Break Address Register High (BRKH) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 181

Break Module (BREAK) Address: $FE0D Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Write: Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 16-5. Break Address Register Low (BRKL) 16.4.3 Break Status Register The break status register contains a flag to indicate that a break caused an exit from stop or wait mode. Address: $FE00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: SBSW R R R R R R R Write: Note(1) Reset: 0 R = Reserved 1. Writing a logic zero clears SBSW. Figure 16-6. Break Status Register (BSR) SBSW — SIM Break Stop/Wait This status bit is useful in applications requiring a return to wait or stop mode after exiting from a break interrupt. Clear SBSW by writing a logic zero to it. Reset clears SBSW. 1 = Stop mode or wait mode was exited by break interrupt 0 = Stop mode or wait mode was not exited by break interrupt SBSW can be read within the break state SWI routine. The user can modify the return address on the stack by subtracting one from it. The following code is an example of this. ; This code works if the H register has been pushed onto the stack in the break ; service routine software. This code should be executed at the end of the ; break service routine software. HIBYTE EQU 5 LOBYTE EQU 6 ; If not SBSW, do RTI BRCLR SBSW,BSR, RETURN ; See if wait mode or stop mode was exited ; by break. TST LOBYTE,SP ; If RETURNLO is not zero, BNE DOLO ; then just decrement low byte. DEC HIBYTE,SP ; Else deal with high byte, too. DOLO DEC LOBYTE,SP ; Point to WAIT/STOP opcode. RETURN PULH ; Restore H register. RTI MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 182 Freescale Semiconductor

Low-Power Modes 16.4.4 Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) The break control register contains a bit that enables software to clear status bits while the MCU is in a break state. Address: $FE03 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: BCFE R R R R R R R Write: Reset: 0 R = Reserved Figure 16-7. Break Flag Control Register (BFCR) BCFE — Break Clear Flag Enable Bit This read/write bit enables software to clear status bits by accessing status registers while the MCU is in a break state. To clear status bits during the break state, the BCFE bit must be set. 1 = Status bits clearable during break 0 = Status bits not clearable during break 16.5 Low-Power Modes The WAIT and STOP instructions put the MCU in low-power-consumption standby modes. 16.5.1 Wait Mode If enabled, the break module is active in wait mode. In the break routine, the user can subtract one from the return address on the stack if SBSW is set (see 5.6 Low-Power Modes). Clear the SBSW bit by writing logic zero to it. 16.5.2 Stop Mode A break interrupt causes exit from stop mode and sets the SBSW bit in the break status register. See 5.7 SIM Registers. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 183

Break Module (BREAK) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 184 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 17 Electrical Specifications 17.1 Introduction This section contains electrical and timing specifications. 17.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings Maximum ratings are the extreme limits to which the MCU can be exposed without permanently damaging it. NOTE This device is not guaranteed to operate properly at the maximum ratings. Refer to Sections 17.5 and 17.8 for guaranteed operating conditions. Table 17-1. Absolute Maximum Ratings Characteristic(1) Symbol Value Unit Supply voltage VDD –0.3 to +6.0 V Input voltage VIN VSS–0.3 to VDD +0.3 V Mode entry voltage, IRQ pin VTST VSS–0.3 to +8.5 V Maximum current per pin excluding V DD I ±25 mA and V SS Storage temperature TSTG –55 to +150 °C Maximum current out of VSS IMVSS 100 mA Maximum current into VDD IMVDD 100 mA 1. Voltages referenced to V . SS NOTE This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that normal precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than maximum-rated voltages to this high-impedance circuit. For proper operation, it is recommended that V and V be constrained to the IN OUT range V ≤ (V or V ) ≤ V . Reliability of operation is enhanced if SS IN OUT DD unused inputs are connected to an appropriate logic voltage level (for example, either V or V .) SS DD MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 185

Electrical Specifications 17.3 Functional Operating Range Table 17-2. Operating Range Characteristic Symbol Value Unit Operating temperature range TA –40 to +125 –40 to +85 °C — 3 ±10% Operating voltage range VDD 5 ±10% 5 ±10% V 17.4 Thermal Characteristics Table 17-3. Thermal Characteristics Characteristic Symbol Value Unit Thermal resistance 20-pin PDIP 70 20-pin SOIC 70 28-pin PDIP θJA 70 °C/W 28-pin SOIC 70 32-pin SDIP 70 32-pin LQFP 95 I/O pin power dissipation PI/O User determined W P = (I ×V ) + P = Power dissipation(1) PD D K/D(TD + 2D7D3 °C)I/O W J P x(T + 273 °C) D A Constant(2) K W/°C + P 2×θ D JA Average junction temperature TJ TA + (PD × θJA) °C 1. Power dissipation is a function of temperature. 2. K constant unique to the device. K can be determined for a known T and measured P . A D With this value of K, P and T can be determined for any value of T . D J A MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 186 Freescale Semiconductor

5V DC Electrical Characteristics 17.5 5V DC Electrical Characteristics Table 17-4. DC Electrical Characteristics (5V) Characteristic(1) Symbol Min Typ(2) Max Unit Output high voltage (I = –2.0mA) LOAD VOH VDD–0.8 — — V PTA0–PTA7, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0–PTD7, PTE0–PTE1 Output low voltage (I = 1.6mA) LOAD PTA6, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0, PTD1, PTD4, PTD5, VOL — — 0.4 V PTE0–PTE1 Output low voltage (I = 25mA) LOAD VOL — — 0.5 V PTD6, PTD7 LED drives (V = 3V) OL IOL 10 16 25 mA PTA0–PTA5, PTA7, PTD2, PTD3, PTD6, PTD7 Input high voltage PTA0–PTA7, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0–PTD7, PTE0–PTE1, RST, VIH 0.7 × VDD — VDD V IRQ, OSC1 Input low voltage PTA0–PTA7, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0–PTD7, PTE0–PTE1, RST, VIL VSS — 0.3 × VDD V IRQ, OSC1 V supply current, f = 8MHz DD OP Run(3) XTAL oscillator option — 7.5 10 mA RC oscillator option — 11 13 mA Wait(4) I XTAL oscillator option DD — 3 5.5 mA RC oscillator option — 3.5 6 mA Stop(5) (–40°C to 125°C) XTAL oscillator option — 1.5 8 µA RC oscillator option — 0.5 3 µA Digital I/O ports Hi-Z leakage current IIL — — ± 10 µA Input current IIN — — ± 1 µA Capacitance COUT — — 12 pF Ports (as input or output) C — — 8 IN POR rearm voltage(6) VPOR 0 — 100 mV POR rise time ramp rate(7) RPOR 0.035 — — V/ms Monitor mode entry voltage VTST 1.5 × VDD — 8.5 V Pullup resistors(8) PTD6, PTD7 RPU1 1.8 3.3 4.8 kΩ RST, IRQ, PTA0–PTA7 RPU2 16 26 36 kΩ Low-voltage inhibit, trip falling voltage VTRIPF 3.60 4.25 4.48 V Low-voltage inhibit, trip rising voltage VTRIPR 3.75 4.40 4.63 V 1. V = 4.5 to 5.5 Vdc, V = 0 Vdc, T = T to T , unless otherwise noted. DD SS A L H 2. Typical values reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25 °C only. 3. Run (operating) I measured using external square wave clock source (f = 8MHz). All inputs 0.2V from rail. No dc loads. DD OP Less than 100 pF on all outputs. C = 20 pF on OSC2. All ports configured as inputs. OSC2 capacitance linearly affects L run I . Measured with all modules enabled. DD 4. Wait I measured using external square wave clock source (f = 8MHz). All inputs 0.2V from rail. No dc loads. Less than DD OP 100 pF on all outputs. C = 20 pF on OSC2. All ports configured as inputs. OSC2 capacitance linearly affects waitI . L DD 5. Stop I measured with OSC1 grounded; no port pins sourcing current. LVI is disabled. DD 6. Maximum is highest voltage that POR is guaranteed. 7. If minimum V is not reached before the internal POR reset is released, RST must be driven low externally until minimum V is reached. DD DD 8. R andR are measured atV = 5.0V. PU1 PU2 DD MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 187

Electrical Specifications 17.6 5V Control Timing Table 17-5. Control Timing (5V) Characteristic(1) Symbol Min Max Unit Internal operating frequency fOP — 8 MHz RST input pulse width low(2) tRL 750 — ns TIM2 external clock input fT2CLK — 4 MHz IRQ interrupt pulse width low (edge-triggered)(3) tILIH 100 — ns IRQ interrupt pulse period(3) tILIL Note(4) — tCYC 1. V = 4.5 to 5.5 Vdc, V = 0 Vdc, T = T to T ; timing shown with respect to 20% V and 70% V , unless otherwise DD SS A L H DD SS noted. 2. Minimum pulse width reset is guaranteed to be recognized. It is possible for a smaller pulse width to cause a reset. 3. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production. 4. The minimum period is the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 1 t . CYC t RL RST t ILIL t ILIH IRQ Figure 17-1. RST and IRQ Timing 17.7 5V Oscillator Characteristics Table 17-6. Oscillator Specifications (5V) Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Internal oscillator clock frequency fICLK 50k(1) Hz External reference clock to OSC1 (2) fOSC dc — 32M Hz Crystal reference frequency (3) fXTALCLK — 32M Hz Crystal load capacitance (4) CL — — — Crystal fixed capacitance (3) C1 — 2 × CL — Crystal tuning capacitance (3) C2 — 2 × CL — Feedback bias resistor RB — 10 MΩ — Series resistor (3), (5) RS — — — External RC clock frequency fRCCLK 2M — 12M Hz RC oscillator external R REXT See Figure17-2 Ω RC oscillator external C CEXT — 10 — pF 1. Typical value reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25 °C only. See Figure17-5 for plot. 2. No more than 10% duty cycle deviation from 50%. 3. Fundamental mode crystals only. 4. Consult crystal vendor data sheet. 5. Not required for high frequency crystals. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 188 Freescale Semiconductor

3V DC Electrical Characteristics 14 12 ) z H C = 10 pF M 10 EXT MCU (K 5V @ 25°C CL 8 OSC1 C R y, f 6 c n V e DD qu 4 REXT CEXT e r C f 2 R 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Resistor, R (kΩ) EXT Figure 17-2. RC vs. Frequency (5V @25°C) 17.8 3V DC Electrical Characteristics Table 17-7. DC Electrical Characteristics (3V) Characteristic(1) Symbol Min Typ(2) Max Unit Output high voltage (I = –1.0mA) LOAD VOH VDD–0.4 — — V PTA0–PTA7, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0–PTD7, PTE0–PTE1 Output low voltage (I = 0.8mA) LOAD PTA6, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0, PTD1, PTD4, PTD5, VOL — — 0.4 V PTE0–PTE1 Output low voltage (I = 20mA) LOAD VOL — — 0.5 V PTD6, PTD7 LED drives (V = 1.8V) OL IOL 3 8 12 mA PTA0–PTA5, PTA7, PTD2, PTD3, PTD6, PTD7 Input high voltage PTA0–PTA7, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0–PTD7, PTE0–PTE1, RST, VIH 0.7 × VDD — VDD V IRQ, OSC1 Input low voltage PTA0–PTA7, PTB0–PTB7, PTD0–PTD7, PTE0–PTE1,RST, VIL VSS — 0.3 × VDD V IRQ, OSC1 V supply current, f = 4MHz DD OP Run(3) XTAL oscillator option — 3 8 mA RC oscillator option — 4 10 mA Wait(4) I XTAL oscillator option DD — 1 4.5 mA RC oscillator option — 2 6 mA Stop(5) (–40°C to 85°C) XTAL oscillator option — 0.5 5 µA RC oscillator option — 0.3 2 µA Digital I/O ports Hi-Z leakage current IIL — — ± 10 µA Input current IIN — — ± 1 µA MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 189

Electrical Specifications Table 17-7. DC Electrical Characteristics (3V) Characteristic(1) Symbol Min Typ(2) Max Unit Capacitance COUT — — 12 pF Ports (as input or output) C — — 8 IN POR rearm voltage(6) VPOR 0 — 100 mV POR rise time ramp rate(7) RPOR 0.035 — — V/ms Monitor mode entry voltage VTST 1.5 × VDD — 8.5 V Pullup resistors(8) PTD6, PTD7 RPU1 1.8 3.3 4.8 kΩ RST, IRQ, PTA0–PTA7 RPU2 16 26 36 kΩ Low-voltage inhibit, trip voltage (No hysteresis implemented for 3V LVI) VLVI3 2.18 2.49 2.68 V 1. V = 2.7 to 3.3 Vdc, V = 0 Vdc, T = T to T , unless otherwise noted. DD SS A L H 2. Typical values reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25 °C only. 3. Run (operating) I measured using external square wave clock source (f = 4MHz). All inputs 0.2V from rail. No dc loads. DD OP Less than 100 pF on all outputs. C = 20 pF on OSC2. All ports configured as inputs. OSC2 capacitance linearly affects L run I . Measured with all modules enabled. DD 4. Wait I measured using external square wave clock source (f = 4MHz). All inputs 0.2V from rail. No dc loads. Less than DD OP 100 pF on all outputs. C = 20 pF on OSC2. All ports configured as inputs. OSC2 capacitance linearly affects waitI . L DD 5. Stop I measured with OSC1 grounded; no port pins sourcing current. LVI is disabled. DD 6. Maximum is highest voltage that POR is guaranteed. 7. If minimum V is not reached before the internal POR reset is released, RST must be driven low externally until minimum DD V is reached. DD 8. R and R are measured at V = 5.0V. PU1 PU2 DD 17.9 3V Control Timing Table 17-8. Control Timing (3V) Characteristic(1) Symbol Min Max Unit Internal operating frequency fOP — 4 MHz RST input pulse width low(2) tRL 1.5 — µs TIM2 external clock input fT2CLK — 2 MHz IRQ interrupt pulse width low (edge-triggered)(3) tILIH 200 — ns IRQ interrupt pulse period(3) tILIL Note(4) — tCYC 1. V = 2.7 to 3.3 Vdc, V = 0 Vdc, T = T to T ; timing shown with respect to 20% V and 70% V , unless otherwise DD SS A L H DD DD noted. 2. Minimum pulse width reset is guaranteed to be recognized. It is possible for a smaller pulse width to cause a reset. 3. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production. 4. The minimum period is the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 1 t . CYC t RL RST t ILIL t ILIH IRQ Figure 17-3. RST and IRQ Timing MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 190 Freescale Semiconductor

3V Oscillator Characteristics 17.10 3V Oscillator Characteristics Table 17-9. Oscillator Specifications (3V) Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Internal oscillator clock frequency fICLK 45k(1) Hz External reference clock to OSC1 (2) fOSC dc — 16M Hz Crystal reference frequency (3) fXTALCLK — 16M Hz Crystal load capacitance (4) CL — — — Crystal fixed capacitance (3) C1 — 2 × CL — Crystal tuning capacitance (3) C2 — 2 × CL — Feedback bias resistor RB — 10 MΩ — Series resistor (3), (5) RS — — — External RC clock frequency fRCCLK 2M — 10M Hz RC oscillator external R REXT See Figure17-4 Ω RC oscillator external C CEXT — 10 — pF 1. Typical value reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25 °C only. See Figure17-5 for plot. 2. No more than 10% duty cycle deviation from 50%. 3. Fundamental mode crystals only. 4. Consult crystal vendor data sheet. 5. Not required for high frequency crystals. 14 12 ) z H C = 10 pF M 10 EXT MCU (K 3V @ 25°C CL 8 OSC1 C R y, f 6 c en VDD u q 4 REXT CEXT e r C f 2 R 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Resistor, R (kΩ) EXT Figure 17-4. RC vs. Frequency (3V @25°C) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 191

Electrical Specifications ) z H 70 k ( K CL 60 –40°C cy, fI 50 +25°C n e u +85°C q 40 e +125°C r C f S 30 O nal 20 r e 2 3 4 5 6 nt I Supply Voltage, VDD (V) Figure 17-5. Internal Oscillator Frequency 17.11 Typical Supply Currents 10 A) 8 XTAL oscillator option m (D 6 5.5 V D I 3.3 V 4 2 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 f or f (MHz) OP BUS Figure 17-6. Typical Operating I (XTAL osc), DD with All Modules Turned On (25 °C) 5 4 XTAL oscillator option 5.5 V A) 3 3.3 V m (D 2 D I 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 f or f (MHz) OP BUS Figure 17-7. Typical Wait Mode I (XTAL osc), DD with All Modules Turned Off (25 °C) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 192 Freescale Semiconductor

Timer Interface Module Characteristics 17.12 Timer Interface Module Characteristics Table 17-10. Timer Interface Module Characteristics (5V and 3V) Characteristic Symbol Min Max Unit Input capture pulse width tTIH, tTIL 1/fOP — Input clock pulse width (T2CLK pulse width) tLMIN, tHMIN (1/fOP) + 5ns — 17.13 ADC Characteristics Table 17-11. ADC Characteristics (5V and 3V) Characteristic Symbol Min Max Unit Comments 2.7 5.5 Supply voltage VDDAD (V min) (V max) V DD DD Input voltages VADIN VSS VDD V Resolution BAD 8 8 Bits Absolute accuracy AAD ± 0.5 ± 1.5 LSB Includes quantization t = 1/f , tested only ADC internal clock fADIC 0.5 1.048 MHz AIC ADIC at 1 MHz Conversion range RAD VSS VDD V Power-up time tADPU 16 tAIC cycles Conversion time tADC 14 15 tAIC cycles Sample time(1) tADS 5 — tAIC cycles Zero input reading(2) ZADI 00 01 Hex VIN = VSS Full-scale reading(3) FADI FE FF Hex VIN = VDD Input capacitance CADI — (20) 8 pF Not tested Input leakage(3) — — ± 1 µA Port B/port D 1. Source impedances greater than 10 kΩ adversely affect internal RC charging time during input sampling. 2. Zero-input/full-scale reading requires sufficient decoupling measures for accurate conversions. 3. The external system error caused by input leakage current is approximately equal to the product of R source and input current. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 193

Electrical Specifications 17.14 Memory Characteristics Table 17-12. Memory Characteristics Characteristic Symbol Min Max Unit RAM data retention voltage VRDR 1.3 — V FLASH program bus clock frequency — 1 — MHz FLASH read bus clock frequency f (1) 32k 8M Hz read FLASH page erase time t (2) 4 — ms erase FLASH mass erase time t (3) 4 — ms merase FLASH PGM/ERASE to HVEN set up time tnvs 10 — µs FLASH high-voltage hold time tnvh 5 — µs FLASH high-voltage hold time (mass erase) tnvhl 100 — µs FLASH program hold time tpgs 5 — µs FLASH program time tprog 30 40 µs FLASH return to read time t (4) 1 — µs rcv FLASH cumulative program hv period t (5) — 4 ms HV FLASH row erase endurance(6) — 10k — cycles FLASH row program endurance(7) — 10k — cycles FLASH data retention time(8) — 10 — years 1. f is defined as the frequency range for which the FLASH memory can be read. read 2. If the page erase time is longer than t (Min), there is no erase-disturb, but it reduces the endurance of the FLASH erase memory. 3. If the mass erase time is longer than t (Min), there is no erase-disturb, but it reduces the endurance of the FLASH merase memory. 4. t is defined as the time it needs before the FLASH can be read after turning off the high voltage charge pump, by clearing rcv HVEN to logic 0. 5. t is defined as the cumulative high voltage programming time to the same row before next erase. HV t must satisfy this condition: t + t + t + (t × 32) ≤ t max. HV nvs nvh pgs prog HV 6. The minimum row endurance value specifies each row of the FLASH memory is guaranteed to work for at least this many erase / program cycles. 7. The minimum row endurance value specifies each row of the FLASH memory is guaranteed to work for at least this many erase / program cycles. 8. The FLASH is guaranteed to retain data over the entire operating temperature range for at least the minimum time speci- fied. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 194 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 18 Mechanical Specifications 18.1 Introduction This section gives the dimensions for: (cid:127) 20-pin plastic dual in-line package (case #738) (cid:127) 20-pin small outline integrated circuit package (case #751D) (cid:127) 28-pin plastic dual in-line package (case #710) (cid:127) 28-pin small outline integrated circuit package (case #751F) (cid:127) 32-pin shrink dual in-line package (case #1376) (cid:127) 32-pin low-profile quad flat pack (case #873A) 18.2 20-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package (PDIP) –A– NOTES: 1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI 20 11 Y14.5M, 1982. 2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. B 3.DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEAD WHEN 1 10 FORMED PARALLEL. 4.DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. C L INCHES MILLIMETERS DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A 1.010 1.070 25.66 27.17 B 0.240 0.260 6.10 6.60 –T– K C 0.150 0.180 3.81 4.57 D 0.015 0.022 0.39 0.55 SEATING PLANE M E 0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC E N F 0.050 0.070 1.27 1.77 G 0.100 BSC 2.54 BSC G F J 0.008 0.015 0.21 0.38 J 20 PL K 0.110 0.140 2.80 3.55 D 20 PL 0.25 (0.010) M T B M ML 00.3 (cid:0) 00 BSC15 (cid:0) 70. (cid:0)6 2 BSC15 (cid:0) 0.25 (0.010) M T A M N 0.020 0.040 0.51 1.01 Figure 18-1. 20-Pin PDIP (Case #738) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 195

Mechanical Specifications 18.3 20-Pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit Package (SOIC) –A– NOTES: 1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 20 11 2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3.DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4.MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.150 –B– 10XP (0.006) PER SIDE. 0.010 (0.25)M B M 5.DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 1 10 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. 20X D MILLIMETERS INCHES J DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX 0.010 (0.25)M T A S B S A 12.65 12.95 0.499 0.510 B 7.40 7.60 0.292 0.299 C 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104 F D 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019 F 0.50 0.90 0.020 0.035 G 1.27 BSC 0.050 BSC (cid:0) RX 45 J 0.25 0.32 0.010 0.012 K 0.10(cid:0) 0.25(cid:0) 0.004(cid:0) 0.009(cid:0) M 0 7 0 7 C P 10.05 10.55 0.395 0.415 R 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.029 –T– SEATING PLANE M 18X G K Figure 18-2. 20-Pin SOIC (Case #751D) 18.4 28-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package (PDIP) NOTES: 1.POSITIONAL TOLERANCE OF LEADS (D), SHALL BE WITHIN 0.25 (0.010) AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION, IN RELATION TO SEATING PLANE AND EACH OTHER. 28 15 2.DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. B 3.DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MILLIMETERS INCHES 1 14 DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A 36.45 37.21 1.435 1.465 L B 13.72 14.22 0.540 0.560 A C C 3.94 5.08 0.155 0.200 D 0.36 0.56 0.014 0.022 N F 1.02 1.52 0.040 0.060 G 2.54 BSC 0.100 BSC H 1.65 2.16 0.065 0.085 J 0.20 0.38 0.008 0.015 H G F K M J K 2.92 3.43 0.115 0.135 D L 15.24 BSC 0.600 BSC SEATING M 0° 15° 0° 15° PLANE N 0.51 1.02 0.020 0.040 Figure 18-3. 28-Pin PDIP (Case #710) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 196 Freescale Semiconductor

28-Pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit Package (SOIC) 18.5 28-Pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit Package (SOIC) -A- NOTES: 1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 28 15 2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 14XP 3.DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. -B- 0.010 (0.25) M B M 4.MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5.DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR 1 14 PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION 28X D AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. M 0.010 (0.25) M T A S B S MILLIMETERS INCHES DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX R X 45 A 17.80 18.05 0.701 0.711 B 7.40 7.60 0.292 0.299 C C 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104 -T- D 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019 26X G SEATING GF 0.14.127 BSC0.90 0.001.0650 B0S.C035 PLANE K J 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013 F K 0.13 0.29 0.005 0.011 M 0° 8° 0° 8° P 10.01 10.55 0.395 0.415 J R 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.029 Figure 18-4. 28-Pin SOIC (Case #751F) 18.6 32-Pin Shrink Dual In-Line Package (SDIP) 3 27.9 A B 27.8 32 17 NOTES: 1.ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 2.INTERPRET DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES 10.46 8.9 PER ASME Y14.5, 1994. 9.86 8.8 3 3.DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. 4.DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. 1 16 4.35 30X 1.778 4.05 0.75 0.45 2X 0.889 C 2.49 2.39 0.5 C STEATING 100°° 00..3242 32X 0.4 4 PLANE SECTION C–C 0.13 M T A B Figure 18-5. 32-Pin SDIP (Case #1376) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 197

Mechanical Specifications 18.7 32-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flat Pack (LQFP) – A 4X Z – 32 A1 25 0.20 (0.008) AB T–U Z U–, – –, T 1 – –U– –T– B V AE P B1 DETAIL Y V1 8 17 AE DETAIL Y 9 –Z– 4X 9 S1 0.20 (0.008) AC T–U Z NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI S Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DATUM PLANE –AB– IS LOCATED AT BOTTOM OF LEAD AND IS COINCIDENT WITH THE LEAD WHERE THE LEAD EXITS THE PLASTIC BODY AT DETAIL AD THE BOTTOM OF THE PARTING LINE. 4. DATUMS –T–, –U–, AND –Z– TO BE DETERMINED G AT DATUM PLANE –AB–. –AB– 5. DIMENSIONS S AND V TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE –AC–. SEATING –AC– 6. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PLANE PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.10 (0.004) AC BASE Z 0D.O25 I0N (C0L.0U1D0E) PMEORL SDI DMEIS. M DAIMTCEHN SAINODN SA RAE AND B METAL U DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE –AB–. T– 7. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR ÉÉN PROTRUSION. DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL C A NOT CAUSE THE D DIMENSION TO EXCEED ÉÉ 0.520 (0.020). M 8. MINIMUM SOLDER PLATE THICKNESS SHALL BE FÉÉ D 008) 9. 0E.X0A07C6T ( S0.H0A00P3E) .OF EACH CORNER MAY VARY 8XM(cid:0) ÉÉ 0 (0. FROM DEPICTION. 2 R J 0. MILLIMETERS INCHES DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A 7.000 BSC 0.276 BSC A1 3.500 BSC 0.138 BSC E SECTION AE–AE B 7.000 BSC 0.276 BSC C B1 3.500 BSC 0.138 BSC C 1.400 1.600 0.055 0.063 D 0.300 0.450 0.012 0.018 E 1.350 1.450 0.053 0.057 F 0.300 0.400 0.012 0.016 H DWETAIL AD X K Q(cid:0) GAUGE PLANE 0.250 (0.010) MGHKNPJ 0000....00500059091..(cid:0)840000200(cid:0) 00 R BBE0000SSF....CC127150060000(cid:0) 0000....00000000201..(cid:0)002404231 (cid:0) 16 R BBE0000SSF....CC000000206886(cid:0) Q 1 5 1 5 R 0.150 0.250 0.006 0.010 S 9.000 BSC 0.354 BSC S1 4.500 BSC 0.177 BSC V 9.000 BSC 0.354 BSC V1 4.500 BSC 0.177 BSC W 0.200 REF 0.008 REF X 1.000 REF 0.039 REF Figure 18-6. 32-Pin LQFP (Case #873A) MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 198 Freescale Semiconductor

Chapter 19 Ordering Information 19.1 Introduction This section contains ordering numbers for the MC68HC908JL8. 19.2 MC Order Numbers Table 19-1. MC Order Numbers Operating MC Order Number Package Temperature Range MC68HC908JK8CP –40 °C to +85 °C 20-pin PDIP MC68HC908JK8MP –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC908JK8CDW –40 °C to +85 °C 20-pin SOIC MC68HC908JK8MDW –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC908JL8CP –40 °C to +85 °C 28-pin PDIP MC68HC908JL8MP –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC908JL8CDW –40 °C to +85 °C 28-pin SOIC MC68HC908JL8MDW –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC908JL8CSP –40 °C to +85 °C 32-pin SDIP MC68HC908JL8MSP –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC908JL8CFA –40 °C to +85 °C 32-pin LQFP MC68HC908JL8MFA –40 °C to +125 °C NOTE: Temperature grade "M" is available for V = 5V only. DD MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 199

Ordering Information MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 200 Freescale Semiconductor

Appendix A MC68HC08JL8 A.1 Introduction This section introduces the MC68HC08JL8, the ROM part equivalent to the MC68HC908JL8/JK8. The entire data book applies to this ROM device, with exceptions outlined in this appendix. Table A-1. Summary of MC68HC08JL8 and MC68HC908JL8 Differences MC68HC08JL8 MC68HC908JL8 Memory ($DC00–$FBFF) 8,192 bytes ROM 8,192 bytes FLASH User vectors ($FFDC–$FFFF) 36 bytes ROM 36 bytes FLASH FLASH related registers. Not used; Registers at $FE08 and $FFCF $FE08 — FLCR locations are reserved. $FFCF — FLBPR Mask option register ($FFD0) Defined by mask; read only. Read/write FLASH register. $FC00–$FDFF: Not used. Monitor ROM Used for testing and FLASH $FE10–$FFCE: Used for testing ($FC00–$FDFF and $FE10–$FFCE) programming/erasing. purposes only. 20-pin PDIP (MC68HC08JK8) 20-pin PDIP (MC68HC908JK8) 20-pin SOIC (MC68HC08JK8) 20-pin SOIC (MC68HC908JK8) 28-pin PDIP 28-pin PDIP Available Packages 28-pin SOIC 28-pin SOIC 32-pin SDIP 32-pin SDIP 32-pin LQFP 32-pin LQFP A.2 MCU Block Diagram Figure A-1 shows the block diagram of the MC68HC08JL8. A.3 Memory Map The MC68HC08JL8 has 8,192 bytes of user ROM from $DC00 to $FBFF, and 36 bytes of user ROM vectors from $FFDC to $FFFF. On the MC68HC908JL8, these memory locations are FLASH memory. Figure A-2 shows the memory map of the MC68HC08JL8. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 201

INTERNAL BUS M68HC08 CPU PTA7/KBI7**‡ # KEYBOARD INTERRUPT CPU ARITHMETIC/LOGIC MODULE PTA6/KBI6**¥ REGISTERS UNIT (ALU) PTA5/KBI5**‡ CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTERS — 64 BYTES 8-BCIOT NAVNEARLTOEGR-T MOO-DDIUGLITEAL DDRA PORTA PPPTTTAAA432///KKKBBBIII432******‡‡‡ ## PTA1/KBI1**‡ USER ROM — 8,192 BYTES PTA0/KBI0**‡ 2-CHANNEL TIMER INTERFACE MODULE 1 PTB7/ADC7 USER RAM — 256 BYTES PTB6/ADC6 2-CHANNEL TIMER INTERFACE PTB5/ADC5 MONITOR ROM — 447 BYTES MODULE 2 DDRB PORTB PPTTBB43//AADDCC43 PTB2/ADC2 USER ROM VECTORS — 36 BYTES BREAK PTB1/ADC1 MODULE PTB0/ADC0 ADC12/T2CLK # CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR OSC1 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS PTD7/RxD**†‡ INTERFACE MODULE ¥ OSC2/RCCLK RC OSCILLATOR PTD6/TxD**†‡ PTD5/T1CH1 INTERNAL OSCILLATOR POWEMRO-DOUNL REESET DDRD PORTD PPPTTTDDD432///TAA1DDCCCH890‡‡ PTD1/ADC10 ## SYSTEM INTEGRATION LOW-VOLTAGE INHIBIT PTD0/ADC11 * RST MODULE MODULE * IRQ EXTERMNAOLD INUTLEERRUPT COMPUTER OPERATING DDRE PTE PPTTEE10//TT22CCHH10 # PROPERLY MODULE * Pin contains integrated pull-up device. VDD ** Pin contains programmable pull-up device. POWER † 25mA open-drain if output pin. VSS ‡ LED direct sink pin. ¥ Shared pin: OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6. ADC REFERENCE # Pins available on 32-pin packages only. ## Pins available on 28-pin and 32-pin packages only. Shaded blocks indicate differences to MC68HC908JL8 Figure A-1. MC68HC08JL8 Block Diagram A.4 Reserved Registers The two registers at $FE08 and $FFCF are reserved locations on the MC68HC08JL8. On the MC68HC908JL8, these two locations are the FLASH control register and the FLASH block protect register respectively. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 202 Freescale Semiconductor

$0000 I/O REGISTERS ↓ 64 BYTES $003F $0040 RESERVED ↓ 32 BYTES $005F $0060 RAM ↓ 256 BYTES $015F $0160 UNIMPLEMENTED ↓ 55,968 BYTES $DBFF $DC00 ROM ↓ 8,192 BYTES $FBFF $FC00 UNIMPLEMENTED ↓ 512 BYTES $FDFF $FE00 BREAK STATUS REGISTER (BSR) $FE01 RESET STATUS REGISTER (RSR) $FE02 RESERVED $FE03 BREAK FLAG CONTROL REGISTER (BFCR) $FE04 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER 1 (INT1) $FE05 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER 2 (INT2) $FE06 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER 3 (INT3) $FE07 RESERVED $FE08 RESERVED $FE09 ↓ RESERVED $FF0B $FE0C BREAK ADDRESS HIGH REGISTER (BRKH) $FE0D BREAK ADDRESS LOW REGISTER (BRKL) $FE0E BREAK STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (BRKSCR) $FE0F RESERVED $FE10 MONITOR ROM ↓ 447 BYTES $FFCE $FFCF RESERVED $FFD0 MASK OPTION REGISTER (MOR) — READ ONLY $FFD1 RESERVED ↓ 11 BYTES $FFDB $FFDC USER ROM VECTORS ↓ 36 BYTES $FFFF Figure A-2. MC68HC08JL8 Memory Map MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 203

A.5 Mask Option Register The mask option register at $FFD0 is read only. The value is defined by mask option (hard-wired connections) specified at the time as the ROM code submission. On the MC68HC908JL8, the MOR is implemented as a FLASH, which can be programmed, erased, and read. A.6 Monitor ROM The monitor program (monitor ROM: $FE10–$FFCE) on the MC68HC08JL8 is for device testing only. $FC00–$FDFF are unused. A.7 Electrical Specifications Electrical specifications for the MC68HC908JL8 apply to the MC68HC08JL8, except for the parameters indicated below. A.7.1 DC Electrical Characteristics Table A-2. DC Electrical Characteristics (5V) Characteristic(1) Symbol Min Typ(2) Max Unit V supply current, f = 8MHz Values same as, and characterized from DD OP I RC oscillator option DD MC68HC908JL8, but not tested. Low-voltage inhibit, trip falling voltage VTRIPF 3.55 (3.60)(3) 4.02 (4.25) 4.48 (4.48) V Low-voltage inhibit, trip rising voltage VTRIPR 3.66 (3.75) 4.13 (4.40) 4.59 (4.63) V 1. V = 4.5 to 5.5 Vdc, V = 0 Vdc, T = T to T , unless otherwise noted. DD SS A L H 2. Typical values reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25 °C only. 3. The numbers in parenthesis are MC68HC908JL8 values. Table A-3. DC Electrical Characteristics (3V) Characteristic(1) Symbol Min Typ(2) Max Unit V supply current, f = 4MHz Values same as, and characterized from DD OP I RC oscillator option DD MC68HC908JL8, but not tested. Low-voltage inhibit, trip voltage (No hysteresis implemented for 3V LVI) VLVI3 2.1 (2.18)(3) 2.4 (2.49) 2.69 (2.68) V 1. V = 2.7 to 3.3 Vdc, V = 0 Vdc, T = T to T , unless otherwise noted. DD SS A L H 2. Typical values reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25 °C only. 3. The numbers in parenthesis are MC68HC908JL8 values. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 204 Freescale Semiconductor

14 12 ) z H C = 10 pF M 10 EXT MCU (K 5V @ 25°C CL 8 OSC1 C R y, f 6 c n V e DD qu 4 REXT CEXT e r C f 2 MC68HC908JL8 R MC68HC08JL8 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Resistor, R (kΩ) EXT Figure A-3. RC vs. Frequency (5V @25°C) 14 12 ) z H C = 10 pF M EXT MCU 10 (K 3V @ 25°C CL 8 OSC1 C R y, f 6 c en VDD u q 4 REXT CEXT e r C f 2 MC68HC908JL8 R MC68HC08JL8 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Resistor, R (kΩ) EXT Figure A-4. RC vs. Frequency (3V @25°C) A.8 Memory Characteristics Table A-4. Memory Characteristics Characteristic Symbol Min Max Unit RAM data retention voltage VRDR 1.3 — V Notes: Since MC68HC08JL8 is a ROM device, FLASH memory electrical characteristics do not apply. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 205

A.9 MC68HC08JL8 Order Numbers These part numbers are generic numbers only. To place an order, ROM code must be submitted to the ROM Processing Center (RPC). Table A-5. MC68HC08JL8 Order Numbers Operating MC Order Number Package Temperature Range MC68HC08JK8CP –40 °C to +85 °C 20-pin PDIP MC68HC08JK8MP –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC08JK8CDW –40 °C to +85 °C 20-pin SOIC MC68HC08JK8MDW –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC08JL8CP –40 °C to +85 °C 28-pin PDIP MC68HC08JL8MP –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC08JL8CDW –40 °C to +85 °C 28-pin SOIC MC68HC08JL8MDW –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC08JL8CSP –40 °C to +85 °C 32-pin SDIP MC68HC08JL8MSP –40 °C to +125 °C MC68HC08JL8CFA –40 °C to +85 °C 32-pin LQFP MC68HC08JL8MFA –40 °C to +125 °C NOTE: Temperature grade "M" is available for V = 5V only. DD MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 206 Freescale Semiconductor

Appendix B MC68HC908KL8 B.1 Introduction This appendix introduces the MC68HC908KL8, an ADC-less device of the MC68HC908JL8. The entire data book applies to this device, with exceptions outlined in this appendix. Table B-1. Summary of MC68HC908KL8 and MC68HC908JL8 Differences MC68HC908KL8 MC68HC908JL8 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) — 13-channel, 8-bit. Registers at: Not used; ADC registers. $003C, $003E, and $003E locations are reserved. Interrupt Vector at: Not used. ADC interrupt vector. $FFDE and $FFDF — 20-pin PDIP (MC68HC908JK8) — 20-pin SOIC (MC68HC908JK8) 28-pin PDIP 28-pin PDIP Available Packages 28-pin SOIC 28-pin SOIC 32-pin SDIP 32-pin SDIP — 32-pin LQFP B.2 MCU Block Diagram Figure B-1 shows the block diagram of the MC68HC908KL8. B.3 Pin Assignments Figure B-2 and Figure B-3 show the pin assignments for the MC68HC908KL8. MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 207

INTERNAL BUS M68HC08 CPU PTA7/KBI7**‡ # KEYBOARD INTERRUPT CPU ARITHMETIC/LOGIC MODULE PTA6/KBI6**¥ REGISTERS UNIT (ALU) PTA5/KBI5**‡ CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTERS — 64 BYTES DDRA PORTA PPTTAA43//KKBBII43****‡‡ PTA2/KBI2**‡ PTA1/KBI1**‡ USER FLASH — 8,192 BYTES PTA0/KBI0**‡ 2-CHANNEL TIMER INTERFACE MODULE 1 PTB7 USER RAM — 256 BYTES PTB6 2-CHANNEL TIMER INTERFACE PTB5 MONITOR ROM — 959 BYTES MODULE 2 DDRB PORTB PPTTBB43 PTB2 USER FLASH VECTORS — 36 BYTES BREAK PTB1 MODULE PTB0 T2CLK # CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR OSC1 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS PTD7/RxD**†‡ INTERFACE MODULE ¥ OSC2/RCCLK RC OSCILLATOR PTD6/TxD**†‡ PTD5/T1CH1 INTERNAL OSCILLATOR POWEMRO-DOUNL REESET DDRD PORTD PPPTTTDDD324‡‡/T1CH0 PTD1 SYSTEM INTEGRATION LOW-VOLTAGE INHIBIT PTD0 * RST MODULE MODULE * IRQ EXTERMNAOLD INUTLEERRUPT COMPUTER OPERATING DDRE PTE PPTTEE10//TT22CCHH10 # PROPERLY MODULE * Pin contains integrated pull-up device. VDD ** Pin contains programmable pull-up device. POWER † 25mA open-drain if output pin. VSS ‡ LED direct sink pin. ¥ Shared pin: OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6. # Pins available on 32-pin packages only. Figure B-1. MC68HC908KL8 Block Diagram MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 208 Freescale Semiconductor

IRQ 1 32 T2CLK PTA0/KBI0 2 31 PTA7/KBI7 VSS 3 30 RST OSC1 4 29 PTA5/KBI5 OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 5 28 PTD4/T1CH0 PTA1/KBI1 6 27 PTD5/T1CH1 VDD 7 26 PTD2 PTA2/KBI2 8 25 PTA4/KBI4 PTA3/KBI3 9 24 PTD3 PTB7 10 23 PTB0 PTB6 11 22 PTB1 PTB5 12 21 PTD1 PTD7/RxD 13 20 PTB2 PTD6/TxD 14 19 PTB3 PTE0/T2CH0 15 18 PTD0 PTE1/T2CH1 16 17 PTB4 Figure B-2. 32-Pin SDIP Pin Assignment IRQ 1 28 RST PTA0/KBI0 2 27 PTA5/KBI5 VSS 3 26 PTD4/T1CH0 OSC1 4 25 PTD5/T1CH1 OSC2/RCCLK/PTA6/KBI6 5 24 PTD2 PTA1/KBI1 6 23 PTA4/KBI4 VDD 7 22 PTD3 PTA2/KBI2 8 21 PTB0 Pins not available on 28-pin packages PTA3/KBI3 9 20 PTB1 PTE0/T2CH0 PTB7 10 19 PTD1 PTE1/T2CH1 PTB6 11 18 PTB2 PTB5 12 17 PTB3 T2CLK PTD7/RxD 13 16 PTD0 PTA7/KBI7 PTD6/TxD 14 15 PTB4 Internal pads are unconnected. Set these unused port I/Os to output low. Figure B-3. 28-Pin PDIP/SOIC Pin Assignment MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 Freescale Semiconductor 209

B.4 Reserved Registers The following registers are reserved location on the MC68HC908KL8. Addr. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0 Read: R R R R R R R R $003C Reserved Write: Reset: Read: R R R R R R R R $003D Reserved Write: Reset: Read: R R R R R R R R $003E Reserved Write: Reset: Figure B-4. Reserved Registers B.5 Reserved Vectors The following are reserved interrupt vectors on the MC68HC908KL8. Table B-2. Reserved Vectors Vector Priority INT Flag Address Vector $FFDE Reserved — IF15 $FFDF Reserved B.6 MC68HC908KL8 Order Numbers Table B-3. MC68HC908KL8 Order Numbers Operating MC Order Number Package Temperature Range MC68HC908KL8CP –40 °C to +85 °C 28-pin PDIP MC68HC908KL8CDW –40 °C to +85 °C 28-pin SOIC MC68HC908KL8CSP –40 °C to +85 °C 32-pin SDIP MC68HC908JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC08JL8/JK8 (cid:127) MC68HC908KL8 Data Sheet, Rev. 3.1 210 Freescale Semiconductor

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