KS8995X Micrel KS8995X Integrated 5-Port 10/100 QoS Switch Rev. 1.13 General Description Features The KS8995X is a highly integrated Layer-2 QoS (Quality of • Integrated switch with five MACs and five Fast Ethernet Service) switch with optimized BOM (Bill of Materials) cost for transceivers fully compliant to IEEE 802.3u standard low port count, cost-sensitive 10/100Mbps switch systems. It • Shared memory based switch fabric with fully non- also provides an extensive feature set including three differ- blocking configuration ent QoS priority schemes, a dual MII interface for BOM cost • 10BaseT, 100BaseTX and 100BaseFX modes (FX in reduction, rate limiting to offload CPU tasks, software and Ports 4 and 5) hardware power-down, a MDC/MDIO control interface and • Dual MII configuration: MII-Switch (MAC or PHY mode port mirroring/monitoring to effectively address both current MII) and MII-P5 (PHY mode MII) and emerging Fast Ethernet applications. • VLAN ID tag/untag options, per-port basis The KS8995X contains five 10/100 transceivers with pat- • Enable/disable option for huge frame size up to 1916 ented mixed-signal low-power technology, five MAC (Media bytes per frame Access Control) units, a high-speed non-blocking switch • Broadcast storm protection with percent control–global fabric, a dedicated address lookup engine, and an on-chip and per-port basis frame buffer memory. • Optimization for fiber-to-copper media conversion • Full-chip hardware power-down support (register All PHY units support 10BaseT and 100BaseTX. In addition, configuration not saved) two of the PHY units support 100BaseFX (Ports 4 and 5). • Per-port-based software power-save on PHY (idle link All support documentation can be found on Micrel’s web site detection, register configuration preserved) at www.micrel.com. • QoS/CoS packets prioritization supports: per port, 802.1p and DiffServ based Functional Diagram Auto 10/100 10/100 1K look-up MDI/MDIX T/Tx 1 MAC 1 Engine F Auto 10/100 10/100 FI MDI/MDIX T/Tx 2 MAC 2 F ,O Queue ol Mgmnt Auto 10/100 10/100 w MDI/MDIX T/Tx 3 MAC 3 C o n rt Buffer 10/100 10/100 o MDAI/uMtoDIX T/Tx/Fx 4 MAC 4 V ,l Mgmnt L A N Auto 10/100 10/100 T Frame MDI/MDIX T/Tx/Fx 5 MAC 5 gga Buffers MII-P5 ni MDC, MDI/O g MII-SW or SNI SNI P , r oi r LED0[5:1] yti LED1[5:1] LED I/F Control EEPROM LED2[5:1] Registers I/F Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com December 2003 1 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Features (continued) Applications • 802.1p/q tag insertion or removal on a per-port basis • Broadband gateway/firewall/VPN (egress) • Integrated DSL or cable modem multi-port router • Port-based VLAN support • Wireless LAN access point plus gateway • MDC and MDI/O interface support to access the MII • Home networking expansion PHY control registers (not all control registers) • Standalone 10/100 switch • MII local loopback support • Hotel/campus/MxU gateway • On-chip 64Kbyte memory for frame buffering (not • Enterprise VoIP gateway/phone shared with 1K unicast address table) • FTTx customer premise equipment • 1.4Gbps high-performance memory bandwidth • Media converter • Wire-speed reception and transmission • Integrated look-up engine with dedicated 1K unicast Ordering Information MAC addresses • Automatic address learning, address aging and address Part Number Temperature Range Package migration KS8995X 0°C to +70°C 128-Pin PQFP • Full-duplex IEEE 802.3x and half-duplex back pressure KSZ8995X 0°C to +70°C 128-Pin PQFP Lead Free flow control • Comprehensive LED support • 7-wire SNI support for legacy MAC interface • Automatic MDI/MDI-X crossover for plug-and-play • Disable automatic MDI/MDIX option • Low power Core: 1.8V I/O: 2.5 or 3.3V • 0.18µm CMOS technology • Commercial temperature range: 0°C to +70°C • Available in 128-pin PQFP package M9999-120403 2 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Revision History Revision Date Summary of Changes 1.08 4/01/02 Created. 1.09 5/20/02 Changed MII setting descriptions. Changed pu/pd descriptions for SMRXD2. Changed pu/pd description for forced flow control. Edited large packet sizes back in, also in “Register 4.” Added in typical supply current numbers for 100BaseTX and 10BaseTX operation. Added in note for illegal half-duplex, force flow control. Added extra X1 clock input description. Updated to chip only current numbers. “Register 4” and “Pin Description” PMRXER correction. 1.10 10/9/02 Changed SMRXC and SMTXC to I/O. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII. Changed polarity of TXP and TXM pins. “Electrical Characteristics” modified current consumption to chip only numbers. Added description for no dropped packets in half duplex mode. Added recommended operating conditions. Added Idle mode current consumption. Added “Selection of Isolation Transformers.” Added 3.01kΩ resistor instructions for ISET “Pin Description.” Changed Polarity of transmit pairs in “Pin Description.” Changed description for register 2, bit 1, in “Register Description.” Added “Reset Tming.” Added “QoS Description.” “Register 3” changed 802.1x to 802.3x. “Register 6” changed default column to disable flow control for pull-down, and enable flow control for pull up. “Register 29” and “MIIM Register 0” indicate loop back is at the PHY 1.11 10/24/02 Removed caption under table in “Register 18.” Changed definition of MDI/MDIX in “Register 29,” “Register 30,” “MIIM Register 0.” 1.12 5/20/03 Refer to 8995XA data sheet. 1.13 8/29/03 Convert to new format. December 2003 3 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Table of Contents System Level Applications..............................................................................................................................................................6 Pin Description (by Number)...........................................................................................................................................................8 Pin Description (by Name) ............................................................................................................................................................13 Pin Configuration...........................................................................................................................................................................18 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................19 Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver.....................................................................................................................19 100BaseTX Transmit...............................................................................................................................................................19 100BaseTX Receive................................................................................................................................................................19 PLL Clock Synthesizer ............................................................................................................................................................19 Scrambler/De-scrambler (100BaseTX only)............................................................................................................................19 100BaseFX Operation.............................................................................................................................................................19 100BaseFX Signal Detection...................................................................................................................................................20 100BaseFX Far End Fault.......................................................................................................................................................20 10BaseT Transmit...................................................................................................................................................................20 10BaseT Receive....................................................................................................................................................................20 Power Management ................................................................................................................................................................20 MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover.....................................................................................................................................................20 Auto-Negotiation......................................................................................................................................................................20 Functional Overview: Switch Core...............................................................................................................................................21 Address Look Up.....................................................................................................................................................................21 Learning ............................................................................................................................................................................21 Migration ............................................................................................................................................................................21 Aging ............................................................................................................................................................................21 Switching Engine.....................................................................................................................................................................21 MAC (Media Access Controller) Operation .............................................................................................................................22 Inter-Packet Gap.............................................................................................................................................................22 Backoff Algorithm............................................................................................................................................................22 Late Collision ..................................................................................................................................................................22 Illegal Frame...................................................................................................................................................................22 Flow Control....................................................................................................................................................................22 Half-Duplex Back Pressure.............................................................................................................................................22 Broadcast Storm Protection............................................................................................................................................23 MII Interface Operation..................................................................................................................................................................23 SNI Interface Operation.................................................................................................................................................................25 Advanced Functionality.................................................................................................................................................................25 QoS Support............................................................................................................................................................................25 Rate Limit Support...................................................................................................................................................................27 Configuration Interface............................................................................................................................................................28 I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration...............................................................................................................................28 MII Management Interface (MIIM)..................................................................................................................................................28 Register Map ............................................................................................................................................................................29 Global Registers......................................................................................................................................................................29 Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0............................................................................................................................................29 Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1/Start Switch .......................................................................................................................29 Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0................................................................................................................................29 Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1................................................................................................................................30 Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2................................................................................................................................31 Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3................................................................................................................................31 Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4................................................................................................................................32 Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5................................................................................................................................32 M9999-120403 4 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6................................................................................................................................32 Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7................................................................................................................................32 Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8.............................................................................................................................32 Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9.............................................................................................................................33 Port Registers..........................................................................................................................................................................33 Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0 ..............................................................................................................................33 Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1 ..............................................................................................................................34 Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2 ..............................................................................................................................34 Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3 ..............................................................................................................................35 Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4 ..............................................................................................................................35 Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5 ..............................................................................................................................35 Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6 ..............................................................................................................................35 Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7 ..............................................................................................................................36 Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8 ..............................................................................................................................36 Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9 ..............................................................................................................................36 Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10............................................................................................................................36 Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11............................................................................................................................37 Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12............................................................................................................................37 Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13............................................................................................................................38 Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0 ...............................................................................................................................39 Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1................................................................................................................................39 Advanced Control Registers....................................................................................................................................................39 Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0......................................................................................................39 Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1......................................................................................................39 Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2......................................................................................................39 Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3......................................................................................................39 Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4....................................................................................................39 Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5....................................................................................................39 Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6....................................................................................................40 Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7....................................................................................................40 Register 104 (0x68): MAC Address Register 0..............................................................................................................40 Register 105 (0x69): MAC Address Register 1..............................................................................................................40 Register 106 (0x6A): MAC Address Register 2..............................................................................................................40 Register 107 (0x6B): MAC Address Register 3..............................................................................................................40 Register 108 (0x6C): MAC Address Register 4 .............................................................................................................40 Register 109 (0X6D): MAC Address Register 5.............................................................................................................40 MIIM Registers ........................................................................................................................................................................40 Register 0: MII Control...................................................................................................................................................40 Register 1: MII Status ....................................................................................................................................................41 Register 2: PHYID HIGH................................................................................................................................................41 Register 3: PHYID LOW ................................................................................................................................................41 Register 4: Advertisement Ability...................................................................................................................................41 Register 5: Link Partner Ability.......................................................................................................................................42 Absolute Maximum Ratings..........................................................................................................................................................43 Operating Ratings..........................................................................................................................................................................43 Electrical Characteristics..............................................................................................................................................................43 Timing Diagrams............................................................................................................................................................................45 Selection of Isolation Transformers.............................................................................................................................................50 Package Information......................................................................................................................................................................51 December 2003 5 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel System Level Applications 10/100 10/100 MAC 1 PHY 1 s er 10/100 10/100 Switch ControllerOn-Chip Frame Buff M1M1M00AAA//11CCC00 02304 11PPP00HHH//11YYY00 23400 4L-ApoNrt 10/100 10/10 1-port MAC 5 PHY 5 WAN I/F EEPROM EEPROM I/F Ethernet MAC MII-SW MII-P5 CPU KS8995X Ethernet MAC External WAN port PHY not needed Figure 1. Broadband Gateway 10/100 10/100 MAC 1 PHY 1 s Switch Controllern-Chip Frame Buffer 1M1M1000AA///111CC000 00230 111PP000HH///111YY000 23000 4L-pAoNrt O MAC 4 PHY 4 10/100 10/100 MAC 5 PHY 5 WAN PHY & AFE EEPROM EEPROM (XDSL, CM...) I/F CPU MII-SW MII-P5 KS8995X Ethernet MAC Figure 2. Integrated Broadband Router M9999-120403 6 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel 10/100 10/100 MAC 1 PHY 1 s 10/100 10/100 er ollerBuff MAC 2 PHY 2 ontrme 10/100 10/100 5-port ch Cp Fra MAC 3 PHY 3 LAN withi 10/100 10/100 Sn-C MAC 4 PHY 4 O 10/100 10/100 MAC 5 PHY 5 EEPROM EEPROM I/F KS8995X Figure 3. Standalone Switch December 2003 7 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Pin Description (by Number) Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 1 TEST1 NC NC for normal operation. Factory test pin. 2 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 3 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 4 RXP1 I 1 Physical receive signal + (differential) 5 RXM1 I 1 Physical receive signal - (differential) 6 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 7 TXM1 O 1 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 8 TXP1 O 1 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 9 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 10 RXP2 I 2 Physical receive signal + (differential) 11 RXM2 I 2 Physical receive signal - (differential) 12 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 13 TXM2 O 2 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 14 TXP2 O 2 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 15 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 16 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 17 ISET Set physical transmit output current. Pull-down with a 3.01kΩ 1% resistor. 18 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 19 RXP3 I 3 Physical receive signal + (differential) 20 RXM3 I 3 Physical receive signal - (differential) 21 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 22 TXM3 O 3 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 23 TXP3 O 3 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 24 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 25 RXP4 I 4 Physical receive signal + (differential) 26 RXM4 I 4 Physical receive signal - (differential) 27 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 28 TXM4 O 4 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 29 TXP4 O 4 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 30 GNDA Gnd Analog ground Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated M9999-120403 8 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 31 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 32 RXP5 I 5 Physical receive signal + (differential) 33 RXM5 I 5 Physical receive signal - (differential) 34 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 35 TXM5 O 5 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 36 TXP5 O 5 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 37 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 38 FXSD5 I 5 Fiber signal detect/factory test pin 39 FXSD4 I 4 Fiber signal detect/factory test pin 40 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 41 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 42 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 43 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 44 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 45 NC / MUX1 I No connect. Factory test pin. 46 NC / MUX2 I No connect. Factory test pin. 47 PWRDN_N Ipu Full-chip power down. Active low. 48 RESERVE/NC Reserved pin. No connect. 49 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 50 VDDC P 1.8V digital core V DD 51 PMTXEN Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit enable 52 PMTXD3 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3 53 PMTXD2 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2 54 PMTXD1 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1 55 PMTXD0 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0 56 PMTXER Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit error 57 PMTXC O 5 PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII. 58 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 59 VDDIO P 3.3/2.5V digital V for digital I/O circuitry DD 60 PMRXC O 5 PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII. 61 PMRXDV Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive data valid 62 PMRXD3 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow control; PU = disable flow control. Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated December 2003 9 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 63 PMRXD2 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back pressure; PU = enable back pressure. 64 PMRXD1 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets. 65 PMRXD0 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable aggressive back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for performance enhancement. 66 PMRXER Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = packet size 1518/1522 bytes; PU = 1536 bytes. 67 PCRS Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII carrier sense/force duplex mode. See “Register 28.” 68 PCOL Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII collision detect/force flow control. See “Register 18.” 69 SMTXEN Ipd Switch MII transmit enable 70 SMTXD3 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 3 71 SMTXD2 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 2 72 SMTXD1 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 1 73 SMTXD0 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 0 74 SMTXER Ipd Switch MII transmit error 75 SMTXC I/O Switch MII transmit clock. PHY or MAC mode MII. 76 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 77 VDDIO P 3.3/2.5V digital V for digital I/O circuitry. DD 78 SMRXC I/O Switch MII receive clock. PHY or MAC mode MII. 79 SMRXDV Ipd/O Switch MII receive data valid 80 SMRXD3 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control. 81 SMRXD2 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in full-duplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode. 82 SMRXD1 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in 100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode. 83 SMRXD0 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: see “Register 11[1].” 84 SCOL Ipd/O Switch MII collision detect 85 SCRS Ipd/O Switch mode carrier sense Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated M9999-120403 10 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 86 SCONF1 Ipd Dual MII configuration pin. Pin# (91, 86, 87): Switch MII PHY [5] MII 000 Disable, Otri Disable, Otri 001 PHY Mode MII Disable, Otri 010 MAC Mode MII Disable, Otri 011 PHY Mode SNI Disable, Otri 100 Disable Disable 101 PHY Mode MII PHY Mode MII 110 MAC Mode MII PHY Mode MII 111 PHY Mode SNI PHY Mode MII 87 SCONF0 Ipd Dual MII configuration pin. 88 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 89 VDDC P 1.8V digital core V DD 90 LED5-2 Ipu/O 5 LED indicator 2. Aging setup. See “Aging” section. 91 LED5-1 Ipu/O 5 LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY MII I/F PD: tristate all PHY MII output. See “pin# 86 SCONF1.” 92 LED5-0 Ipu/O 5 LED indicator 0 93 LED4-2 Ipu/O 4 LED indicator 2 94 LED4-1 Ipu/O 4 LED indicator 1 95 LED4-0 Ipu/O 4 LED indicator 0 96 LED3-2 Ipu/O 3 LED indicator 2 97 LED3-1 Ipu/O 3 LED indicator 1 98 LED3-0 Ipu/O 3 LED indicator 0 99 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 100 VDDIO P 3.3/2.5V digital V for digital I/O. DD 101 LED2-2 Ipu/O 2 LED indicator 2 102 LED2-1 Ipu/O 2 LED indicator 1 103 LED2-0 Ipu/O 2 LED indicator 0 104 LED1-2 Ipu/O 1 LED indicator 2 105 LED1-1 Ipu/O 1 LED indicator 1 106 LED1-0 Ipu/O 1 LED indicator 0 107 MDC Ipu All Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock. 108 MDIO Ipu/O All Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O. Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated December 2003 11 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 109 Reserved All No connect 110 SCL I/O All Output clock at 81KHz in I2C master mode. 111 SDA I/O All Serial data input/output in I2C master mode. 112 Reserved All No connect 113 PS1 Ipd No connect or pull-down. 114 PS0 Ipd No connect or pull-down. 115 RST_N Ipu Reset the KS8995X. Active low. 116 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 117 VDDC P 1.8V digital core V DD 118 TESTEN Ipd Factory test pin. 119 SCANEN Ipd Factory test pin. 120 NC NC No connection 121 X1 I 25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input. Oscillator should be ±100ppm. 122 X2 O 25MHz crystal clock connection. 123 VDDAP P 1.8V analog V for PLL DD 124 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 125 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 126 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 127 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 128 TEST2 Factory test pin Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated M9999-120403 12 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Pin Description (by Name) Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 39 FXSD4 I 4 Fiber signal detect/factory test pin. 38 FXSD5 I 5 Fiber signal detect/factory test pin. 2 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 6 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 12 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 16 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 21 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 27 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 30 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 34 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 40 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 42 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 44 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 120 NC NC No connection 124 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 126 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 127 GNDA Gnd Analog ground 49 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 58 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 76 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 88 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 99 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 116 GNDD Gnd Digital ground 17 ISET Set physical transmit output current. Pull down with a 3.01kΩ 1% resistor. 106 LED1-0 Ipu/O 1 LED indicator 0 105 LED1-1 Ipu/O 1 LED indicator 1 104 LED1-2 Ipu/O 1 LED indicator 2 103 LED2-0 Ipu/O 2 LED indicator 0 102 LED2-1 Ipu/O 2 LED indicator 1 101 LED2-2 Ipu/O 2 LED indicator 2 98 LED3-0 Ipu/O 3 LED indicator 0 Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated December 2003 13 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 97 LED3-1 Ipu/O 3 LED indicator 1 96 LED3-2 Ipu/O 3 LED indicator 2 95 LED4-0 Ipu/O 4 LED indicator 0 94 LED4-1 Ipu/O 4 LED indicator 1 93 LED4-2 Ipu/O 4 LED indicator 2 92 LED5-0 Ipu/O 5 LED indicator 0 91 LED5-1 Ipu/O 5 LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY MII I/F. PD: tristate all PHY MII output. See “pin# 86 SCONF1.” 90 LED5-2 Ipu/O 5 LED indicator 2. Aging setup. See “Aging” section. 107 MDC Ipu All Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock. 108 MDIO Ipu/O All Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O. 45 NC / MUX1 I No connect. Factory test pin. 46 NC / MUX2 I No connect. Factory test pin. 68 PCOL Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII collision detect/ Force flow control. See “Register 18.” 67 PCRS Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII carrier sense/Force duplex mode. See “Register 28.” 60 PMRXC O 5 PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII. 65 PMRXD0 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable aggressive back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for performance enhancement. 64 PMRXD1 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets. 63 PMRXD2 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back pressure; PU = enable back pressure. 62 PMRXD3 Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow control; PU = disable flow control. 61 PMRXDV Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive data valid. 66 PMRXER Ipd/O 5 PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = packet size 1518/ 1522 bytes; PU = 1536 bytes. 57 PMTXC O 5 PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII. 55 PMTXD0 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0 54 PMTXD1 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1 53 PMTXD2 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2 52 PMTXD3 Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3 51 PMTXEN Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit enable 56 PMTXER Ipd 5 PHY[5] MII transmit error Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated M9999-120403 14 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 114 PS0 Ipd No connect or pull down 113 PS1 Ipd No connect or pull down 47 PWRDN_N Ipu Full-chip power down. Active low. 48 RESERVE/NC Reserved pin. No connect. 109 Reserved All No connect 112 Reserved All No connect 115 RST_N Ipu Reset the KS8995X. Active low. 5 RXM1 I 1 Physical receive signal - (differential) 11 RXM2 I 2 Physical receive signal - (differential) 20 RXM3 I 3 Physical receive signal - (differential) 26 RXM4 I 4 Physical receive signal - (differential) 33 RXM5 I 5 Physical receive signal - (differential) 4 RXP1 I 1 Physical receive signal + (differential) 10 RXP2 I 2 Physical receive signal + (differential) 19 RXP3 I 3 Physical receive signal + (differential) 25 RXP4 I 4 Physical receive signal + (differential) 32 RXP5 I 5 Physical receive signal + (differential) 119 SCANEN Ipd Factory test pin 110 SCL I/O All Output clock at 81KHz in I2C master mode. See “pin# 113.” 84 SCOL Ipd/O Switch MII collision detect 87 SCONF0 Ipd Dual MII configuration pin 86 SCONF1 Ipd Dual MII configuration pin Pin# (91, 86, 87): Switch MII PHY [5] MII 000 Disable, Otri Disable, Otri 001 PHY Mode MII Disable, Otri 010 MAC Mode MII Disable, Otri 011 PHY Mode SNI Disable, Otri 100 Disable Disable 101 PHY Mode MII PHY Mode MII 110 MAC Mode MII PHY Mode MII 111 PHY Mode SNI PHY Mode MII 85 SCRS Ipd/O Switch MII carrier sense Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated December 2003 15 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 111 SDA I /O All Serial data input/output in I2C master mode. See “pin# 113.” 78 SMRXC I/O Switch MII receive clock. PHY or MAC mode MII 83 SMRXD0 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: see “Register 11[1].” 82 SMRXD1 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in 100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode. 81 SMRXD2 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in full duplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode. 80 SMRXD3 Ipd/O Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control. 79 SMRXDV Ipd/O Switch MII receive data valid 75 SMTXC I/O Switch MII transmit clock. PHY or MAC mode MII. 73 SMTXD0 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 0 72 SMTXD1 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 1 71 SMTXD2 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 2 70 SMTXD3 Ipd Switch MII transmit bit 3 69 SMTXEN Ipd Switch MII transmit enable 74 SMTXER Ipd Switch MII transmit error 1 TEST1 NC NC for normal operation. Factory test pin. 128 TEST2 Factory test pin 118 TESTEN Ipd Factory test pin 8 TXP1 O 1 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 14 TXP2 O 2 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 23 TXP3 O 3 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 29 TXP4 O 4 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 36 TXP5 O 5 Physical transmit signal + (differential) 7 TXM1 O 1 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 13 TXM2 O 2 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 22 TXM3 O 3 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 28 TXM4 O 4 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 35 TXM5 O 5 Physical transmit signal - (differential) 123 VDDAP P 1.8V analog V for PLL DD 3 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 15 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 31 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated M9999-120403 16 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Pin Number Pin Name Type(1) Port Pin Function 41 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 43 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 125 VDDAR P 1.8V analog V DD 9 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 18 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 24 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 37 VDDAT P 2.5V analog V DD 50 VDDC P 1.8V digital core V DD 89 VDDC P 1.8V digital core V DD 117 VDDC P 1.8V digital core V DD 59 VDDIO P 3.3/2.5V digital V for digital I/O circuitry DD 77 VDDIO P 3.3/2.5V digital V for digital I/O circuitry DD 100 VDDIO P 3.3/2.5V digital V for digital I/O circuitry DD 121 X1 I 25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input. Oscillator should be ±100ppm. 122 X2 O 25MHz crystal clock connection Note: 1. P = Power supply I = Input O = Output I/O = Bi-directional Gnd = Ground Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise PU = Strap pin pull-up PD = Strap pull-down Otri = Output tristated December 2003 17 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Pin Configuration 01 0123V R0123N R0 D2-1D2-2DIODDD3-0D3-1D3-2D4-0D4-1D4-2D5-0D5-1D5-2DCDDONFONFRSOLRXDRXDRXDRXDRXDRXCDIODDTXCTXETXDTXDTXDTXDTEXOLRSRXERXD EEDNEEEEEEEEEDNCCCCMMMMMMDNMMMMMMMCCMM LLVGLLLLLLLLLVGSSSSSSSSSSVGSSSSSSSPPPP LED2-0 103 65 PMRXD1 LED1-2 PMRXD2 LED1-1 PMRXD3 LED1-0 PMRXDV MDC PMRXC MDIO VDDIO SPIQ GNDD SPIC/SCL PMTXC SPID/SDA PMTXER SPIS_N PMTXD0 PS1 PMTXD1 PS0 PMTXD2 RST_N PMTXD3 GNDD PMTXEN VDDC VDDC TESTEN GNDD SCANEN RESERVE NC PWRDN_N X1 MUX2 X2 MUX1 VDDAP GNDA GNDA VDDAR VDDAR GNDA GNDA VDDAR GNDA GNDA TEST2 39 FXSD4 1 1AR11A11T22A22RATT33A33T44A44AR55A55T5 TDAPMDMPAPMDMPADEAPMDMPAPMDMPDAPMDMPAD SNDXXNXXDXXNXXDNSDXXNXXDXXNXXNDXXNXXDS EGDRRGTTDRRGTTDGIDRRGTTDRRGTTGDRRGTTDX T V V V V V V VF 128-Pin PQFP (PQ) M9999-120403 18 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Introduction The KS8995X contains five 10/100 physical layer transceivers and five MAC (Media Access Control) units with an integrated layer 2 switch. The device runs in three modes. The first mode is as a five-port integrated switch. The second is as a five-port switch with the fifth port decoupled from the physical port. In this mode access to the fifth MAC is provided through an MII (Media Independent Interface). This is useful for implementing an integrated broadband router. The third mode uses the dual MII feature to recover the use of the fifth PHY. This allows the additional broadband gateway configuration, where the fifth PHY may be accessed through the MII-P5 port. The KS8995X is optimized for an unmanaged design in which the configuration is achieved through I/O strapping or EEPROM programming at system reset time. On the media side, the KS8995X supports IEEE 802.3 10BaseT, 100BaseTX on all ports, and 100BaseFX on ports 4 and 5. The KS8995X can be used as two separate media converters. Physical signal transmission and reception are enhanced through the use of patented analog circuitry that makes the design more efficient and allows for lower power consumption and smaller chip die size. The major enhancements from the KS8995E to the KS8995X are support for programmable rate limiting, a dual MII interface, MDC/MDIO control interface for IEEE 802.3-defined register configuration (not all the registers), per-port broadcast storm protection, local loopback and lower power consumption. The KS8995X is pin-compatible to the managed switch, the KS8995M. Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver 100BaseTX Transmit The 100BaseTX transmit function performs parallel-to-serial conversion, 4B/5B coding, scrambling, NRZ-to-NRZI conversion, MLT3 encoding and transmission. The circuit starts with a parallel-to-serial conversion, which converts the MII data from the MAC into a 125MHz serial bit stream. The data and control stream is then converted into 4B/5B coding followed by a scrambler. The serialized data is further converted from NRZ to NRZI format, and then transmitted in MLT3 current output. The output current is set by an external 1% 3.01kΩ resistor for the 1:1 transformer ratio. It has a typical rise/fall time of 4ns and complies with the ANSI TP-PMD standard regarding amplitude balance, overshoot and timing jitter. The wave-shaped 10BaseT output is also incorporated into the 100BaseTX transmitter. 100BaseTX Receive The 100BaseTX receiver function performs adaptive equalization, DC restoration, MLT3-to-NRZI conversion, data and clock recovery, NRZI-to-NRZ conversion, de-scrambling, 4B/5B decoding and serial-to-parallel conversion. The receiving side starts with the equalization filter to compensate for inter-symbol interference (ISI) over the twisted pair cable. Since the amplitude loss and phase distortion is a function of the length of the cable, the equalizer has to adjust its characteristics to optimize the performance. In this design, the variable equalizer will make an initial estimation based on comparisons of incoming signal strength against some known cable characteristics, then it tunes itself for optimization. This is an ongoing process and can self adjust against environmental changes such as temperature variations. The equalized signal then goes through a DC restoration and data conversion block. The DC restoration circuit is used to compensate for the effect of baseline wander and improve the dynamic range. The differential data conversion circuit converts the MLT3 format back to NRZI. The slicing threshold is also adaptive. The clock recovery circuit extracts the 125MHz clock from the edges of the NRZI signal. This recovered clock is then used to convert the NRZI signal into the NRZ format. The signal is then sent through the de-scrambler followed by the 4B/5B decoder. Finally, the NRZ serial data is converted to the MII format and provided as the input data to the MAC. PLL Clock Synthesizer The KS8995X generates 125MHz, 42MHz, 25MHz and 10MHz clocks for system timing. Internal clocks are generated from an external 25MHz crystal. Scrambler/De-Scrambler (100BaseTX only) The purpose of the scrambler is to spread the power spectrum of the signal in order to reduce EMI and baseline wander. The data is scrambled through the use of an 11-bit wide linear feedback shift register (LFSR). This can generate a 2047-bit non- repetitive sequence. The receiver will then de-scramble the incoming data stream with the same sequence at the transmitter. 100BaseFX Operation 100BaseFX operation is very similar to 100BaseTX operation except that the scrambler/de-scrambler and MLT3 encoder/ decoder are bypassed on transmission and reception. In this mode the auto-negotiation feature is bypassed since there is no standard that supports fiber auto-negotiation. December 2003 19 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel 100BaseFX Signal Detection The physical port runs in 100BaseFX mode if FXSDx >0.6V for ports 4 and 5 only. This signal is internally referenced to 1.25V.The fiber module interface should be set by a voltage divider such that FXSDx ‘H’ is above this 1.25V reference, indicating signal detect, and FXSDx ‘L’ is below the 1.25V reference to indicate no signal. When FXSDx is below 0.6V then 100BaseFX mode is disabled. 100BaseFX Far End Fault Far end fault occurs when the signal detection is logically false from the receive fiber module. When this occurs, the transmission side signals the other end of the link by sending 84 1’s followed by a zero in the idle period between frames. The far end fault may be disabled through register settings. 10BaseT Transmit The output 10BaseT driver is incorporated into the 100BaseT driver to allow transmission with the same magnetics. They are internally wave-shaped and pre-emphasized into outputs with a typical 2.3V amplitude. The harmonic contents are at least 27dB below the fundamental when driven by an all-ones Manchester-encoded signal. 10BaseT Receive On the receive side, input buffer and level detecting squelch circuits are employed. A differential input receiver circuit and a PLL perform the decoding function. The Manchester-encoded data stream is separated into clock signal and NRZ data. A squelch circuit rejects signals with levels less than 400mV or with short pulsewidths in order to prevent noises at the RXP or RXM input from falsely triggering the decoder. When the input exceeds the squelch limit, the PLL locks onto the incoming signal and the KS8995X decodes a data frame. The receiver clock is maintained active during idle periods in between data reception. Power Management The KS8995X features a per port power down mode. To save power the user can power down ports that are not in use by setting port control registers or MII control registers. In addition, it also supports full chip power down mode. When activated, the entire chip will be shutdown. MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover The KS8995X supports MDI/MDI-X auto crossover. This facilitates the use of either a straight connection CAT-5 cable or a crossover CAT-5 cable. The auto-sense function will detect remote transmit and receive pairs, and correctly assign the transmit and receive pairs from the Micrel device. This can be highly useful when end users are unaware of cable types and can also save on an additional uplink configuration connection. The auto crossover feature may be disabled through the port control registers. Auto-Negotiation The KS8995X conforms to the auto-negotiation protocol as described by the 802.3 committee. Auto-negotiation allows UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) link partners to select the best common mode of operation. In auto-negotiation the link partners advertise capabilities across the link to each other. If auto-negotiation is not supported or the link partner to the KS8995X is forced to bypass auto-negotiation, then the mode is set by observing the signal at the receiver. This is known as parallel mode because while the transmitter is sending auto-negotiation advertisements, the receiver is listening for advertisements or a fixed signal protocol. The flow for the link set up is depicted in Figure 4. M9999-120403 20 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Start Auto Negotiation Parallel Force Link Setting No Operation Yes aAndu tSoe-BNt yLepgianosktsi Matioodne AutoA-Ntteegmoptitation Listen foIrd 1le0s0BaseTX ListLenin fko rP 1u0lsBesaseT No Join Flow Link Mode Set ? Yes Link Mode Set Figure 4. Auto-Negotiation Functional Overview: Switch Core Address Look-Up The internal look-up table stores MAC addresses and their associated information. It contains a 1K unicast address table plus switching information. The KS8995X is guaranteed to learn 1K addresses and distinguishes itself from hash-based look-up tables which, depending on the operating environment and probabilities, may not guarantee the absolute number of addresses it can learn. Learning The internal look-up engine will update its table with a new entry if the following conditions are met: • The received packet’s SA (Source Address) does not exist in the look-up table. • The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length. The look-up engine will insert the qualified SA into the table, along with the port number, time stamp. If the table is full, the last entry of the table will be deleted first to make room for the new entry. Migration The internal look-up engine also monitors whether a station is moved. If it happens, it will update the table accordingly. Migration happens when the following conditions are met: • The received packet’s SA is in the table but the associated source port information is different. • The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length. The look-up engine will update the existing record in the table with the new source port information. Aging The look-up engine will update the time stamp information of a record whenever the corresponding SA appears. The time stamp is used in the aging process. If a record is not updated for a period of time, the look-up engine will remove the record from the table. The look-up engine constantly performs the aging process and will continuously remove aging records. The aging period is 300 ±75 seconds. This feature can be enabled or disabled through Register 3 or by external pull-up or pull-down resistors on LED[5][2]. See “Register 3” section. Switching Engine The KS8995X features a high performance switching engine to move data to and from the MAC’s, packet buffers. It operates in store and forward mode, while the efficient switching mechanism reduces overall latency. The KS8995X has a 64kB internal frame buffer. This resource is shared between all five ports. The buffer sharing mode can be programmed through register 2. See “Register 2.” In one mode, ports are allowed to use any free buffers in the buffer pool. In the second mode, each port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the total buffer pool. There are a total of 512 buffers available. Each buffer is sized at 128B. December 2003 21 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel MAC (Media Access Controller) Operation The KS8995X strictly abides by IEEE 802.3 standards to maximize compatibility. Inter-Packet Gap (IPG) If a frame is successfully transmitted, the 96 bit time IPG is measured between the two consecutive MTXEN. If the current packet is experiencing collision, the 96 bit time IPG is measured from MCRS and the next MTXEN. Backoff Algorithm The KS8995X implements the IEEE Std 802.3 binary exponential back-off algorithm, and optional “aggressive mode” back off. After 16 collisions, the packet will be optionally dropped depending on the chip configuration in Register 3. See “Register 3.” Late Collision If a transmit packet experiences collisions after 512-bit times of the transmission, the packet will be dropped. Illegal Frames The KS8995X discards frames less than 64 bytes and can be programmed to accept frames up to 1536 bytes in Register 4. For special applications, the KS8995X can also be programmed to accept frames up to 1916 bytes in Register 4. Since the KS8995X supports VLAN tags, the maximum sizing is adjusted when these tags are present. Flow Control The KS8995X supports standard 802.3x flow control frames on both transmit and receive sides. On the receive side, if the KS8995X receives a pause control frame, the KS8995X will not transmit the next normal frame until the timer, specified in the pause control frame, expires. If another pause frame is received before the current timer expires, the timer will be updated with the new value in the second pause frame. During this period (being flow controlled), only flow control packets from the KS8995X will be transmitted. On the transmit side, the KS8995X has intelligent and efficient ways to determine when to invoke flow control. The flow control is based on availability of the system resources, including available buffers, available transmit queues and available receive queues. The KS8995X will flow control a port, which just received a packet, if the destination port resource is being used up. The KS8995X will issue a flow control frame (XOFF), containing the maximum pause time defined in IEEE standard 802.3x. Once the resource is freed up, the KS8995X will send out the other flow control frame (XON) with zero pause time to turn off the flow control (turn on transmission to the port). A hysteresis feature is provided to prevent the flow control mechanism from being activated and deactivated too many times. The KS8995X will flow control all ports if the receive queue becomes full. Half-Duplex Back Pressure A half-duplex back pressure option (note: not in 802.3 standards) is also provided. The activation and deactivation conditions are the same as the above in full-duplex mode. If back pressure is required, the KS8995X will send preambles to defer the other stations’ transmission (carrier sense deference). To avoid jabber and excessive deference defined in 802.3 standard, after a certain time it will discontinue the carrier sense but it will raise the carrier sense quickly. This short silent time (no carrier sense) is to prevent other stations from sending out packets and keeps other stations in carrier sense deferred state. If the port has packets to send during a back pressure situation, the carrier-sense-type back pressure will be interrupted and those packets will be transmitted instead. If there are no more packets to send, carrier-sense-type back pressure will be active again until switch resources are free. If a collision occurs, the binary exponential backoff algorithm is skipped and carrier sense is generated immediately, reducing the chance of further colliding and maintaining carrier sense to prevent reception of packets. To ensure no packet loss in 10BaseT or 100BaseTX half-duplex modes, the user must enable the following: • Aggressive backoff (register 3, bit 0) • No excessive collision drop (register 4, bit 3) • Back pressure (register 4, bit 5) These bits are not set as the default because this is not the IEEE standard. M9999-120403 22 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Broadcast Storm Protection The KS8995X has an intelligent option to protect the switch system from receiving too many broadcast packets. Broadcast packets will be forwarded to all ports except the source port, and thus use too many switch resources (bandwidth and available space in transmit queues). The KS8995X has the option to include “multicast packets” for storm control. The broadcast storm rate parameters are programmed globally, and can be enabled or disabled on a per port basis. The rate is based on a 50ms interval for 100BT and a 500ms interval for 10BT. At the beginning of each interval, the counter is cleared to zero, and the rate limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during the interval. The rate definition is described in Register 6 and Register 7. The default setting for Registers 6 and 7 is 0x4A, which is 74 decimal. This is equal to a rate of 1%, calculated as follows: 148,800 frames/sec × 50ms/interval × 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A MII Interface Operation The MII (Media Independent Interface) is specified by the IEEE 802.3 committee and provides a common interface between physical layer and MAC layer devices. The KS8995X provides two such interfaces. The MII-P5 interface is used to connect to the fifth PHY, whereas the MII-SW interface is used to connect to the fifth MAC. Each of these MII interfaces contains two distinct groups of signals, one for transmission and the other for receiving. The table below describes the signals used in the MII-P5 interface. The MII-P5 interface operates in PHY mode only, while the MII-SW interface operates in either MAC mode or PHY mode. These interfaces are nibble wide data interfaces and therefore run at 1/4 the network bit rate (not encoded). Additional signals on the transmit side indicate when data is valid or when an error occurs during transmission. Likewise, the receive side has indicators that convey when the data is valid and without physical layer errors. For half-duplex operation there is a signal that indicates a collision has occurred during transmission. Note that the signal MRXER is not provided on the MII-SW interface for PHY mode operation and the signal MTXER is not provided on the MII-SW interface for MAC mode operation. Normally MRXER would indicate a receive error coming from the physical layer device. MTXER would indicate a transmit error from the MAC device. These signals are not appropriate for this configuration. For PHY mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995X has an MRXER pin, it should be tied low. For MAC mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995X has an MTXER pin, it should be tied low. MII Signal Description KS8995X Signal MTXEN Transmit enable PMTXEN MTXER Transmit error PMTXER MTXD3 Transmit data bit 3 PMTXD[3] MTXD2 Transmit data bit 2 PMTXD[2] MTXD1 Transmit data bit 1 PMTXD[1] MTXD0 Transmit data bit 0 PMTXD[0] MTXC Transmit clock PMTXC MCOL Collision detection PCOL MCRS Carrier sense PCRS MRXDV Receive data valid PMRXDV MRXER Receive error PMRXER MRXD3 Receive data bit 3 PMRXD[3] MRXD2 Receive data bit 2 PMRXD[2] MRXD1 Receive data bit 1 PMRXD[1] MRXD0 Receive data bit 0 PMRXD[0] MRXC Receive clock PMRXC MDC Management data clock MDC MDIO Management data I/O MDIO Table 1. MII–P5 Signals (PHY Mode) December 2003 23 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel PHY Mode Connection MAC Mode Connection External KS8995X External KS8995X MAC Signal Description PHY Signal MTXEN SMTXEN Transmit enable MTXEN SMRXDV MTXER SMTXER Transmit error MTXER Not used MTXD3 SMTXD[3] Transmit data bit 3 MTXD3 SMRXD[3] MTXD2 SMTXD[2] Transmit data bit 2 MTXD2 SMRXD[2] MTXD1 SMTXD[1] Transmit data bit 1 MTXD1 SMRXD[1] MTXD0 SMTXD[0] Transmit data bit 0 MTXD0 SMRXD[0] MTXC SMTXC Transmit clock MTXC SMRXC MCOL SCOL Collision detection MCOL SCOL MCRS SCRS Carrier sense MCRS SCRS MRXDV SMRXDV Receive data valid MRXDV SMTXEN MRXER Not used Receive error MRXER SMTXER MRXD3 SMRXD[3] Receive data bit 3 MRXD3 SMTXD[3] MRXD2 SMRXD[2] Receive data bit 2 MRXD2 SMTXD[2] MRXD1 SMRXD[1] Receive data bit 1 MRXD1 SMTXD[1] MRXD0 SMRXD[0] Receive data bit 0 MRXD0 SMTXD[0] MRXC SMRXC Receive clock MRXC SMTXC Table 2. MII–SW Signals M9999-120403 24 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel SNI Interface Operation The SNI (Serial Network Interface) is compatible with some controllers used for network layer protocol processing. This interface can be directly connected to these types of devices. The signals are divided into two groups, one for transmission and the other for reception. The signals involved are described in the table below. SNI Signal Description KS8995X Signal TXEN Transmit Enable SMTXEN TXD Serial Transmit Data SMTXD[0] TXC Transmit Clock SMTXC COL Collision Detection SCOL CRS Carrier Sense SMRXDV RXD Serial Receive Data SMRXD[0] RXC Receive Clock SMRXC Table 3. SNI Signals This interface is a bit wide data interface and therefore runs at the network bit rate (not encoded). An additional signal on the transmit side indicates when data is valid. Likewise, the receive side has an indicator that conveys when the data is valid. For half-duplex operation there is a signal that indicates a collision has occurred during transmission. Advanced Functionality QoS Support The KS8995X is a QoS switch, meaning that is it able to identify selected packets on its ingress ports, prioritize them, and service the packets according to their priority on the egress ports. In this way, the KS8995X can provide statistically better service to the high priority packets that are latency sensitive, or require higher bandwidth. The KS8995X supports ingress QoS classification using three different mechanisms: port-based priority, 802.1p tag-based priority, and DSCP priority for IPv4 packets. Port-based priority is useful when the user wants to give a device on a given port high priority. For example in Figure 7, port 1 is given high priority because it is connected to an IP phone and port 4 is given lower priority because it is connected to a computer whose data traffic may be less sensitive to network congestion. Each port on the KS8995X can be set as high or low priority with an EEPROM. The port priority is set in bit 4 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Port-based priority is overridden by the OR’ed result of the 802.1p and DSCP priorities if they are all enabled at the same time. WAN Router P5[0]=1, Hi/Lo Tx Priority Queues enabled Hi-Pri P5 Lo-Pri Queue Queue 8995X P1 P2 P3 P4 P4[3]=0 P1[3]=1 Low Priority Port High Priority Port IP Phone Figure 7. Port-Based Priority December 2003 25 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel The KS8995X can classify tagged packets using the 802.1p tag based priority. In this prioritization scheme, the user can enable the 802.1p classification on a per port basis in bit 5 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40 and 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Then the user specifies the 802.1p base priority in register 0x02, bits [6-4]. When a tagged packet is received, the KS8995X examines the 3 bit 802.1p priority field shown in Figure 8. These 3 bits are compared against the base priority. The prioritization policy is as follows: Comparison Priority 802.1p Priority ≥ Base Priority High 802.1p Priority < Base Priority Low Table 4. 802.1p Priority Bytes 8 6 6 4 2 46-1500 4 Preamble DA SA TCI Length LLC Data CRC Bits 16 3 1 12 Tagged Packet Type 802.1p FI VLAN ID (8100 for Ethernet) C Figure 8. 802.3 Tagged Packet Bytes 8 6 6 4 2 46-1500 4 2 Preamble DA SA Tag Type Data CRC Bits 4 4 6 2 IP Ver. Header DiffServ Res. 0x4 Size Figure 9. IPv4 Packet In order to support QoS from end-to-end in a network, the KS8995X can also classify packets based on the IPv4 DiffServ field shown in Figure 9. The DiffServ field consists of 6 bits, which can be used to specify 64 code points. The KS8995X provides 64 bits (DSCP[63:0]) in 8 registers (0x60 to 0x67), in which the user specifies the priority of each of the 64 code points. The DiffServ classification is enabled on a per port basis in bit 6 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40 and 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. If the DiffServ classification is enabled on a port, the KS8995X will decode the IPv4 DiffServ field and look at the user defined code point bit to determine if the packet is high priority or low priority. If the code point is a ‘1’, the packet is high priority. If the code point is ‘0’, the packet is low priority. M9999-120403 26 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel DiffServ Field (Binary) Code Point KS8995X (Reg. and Bit) 000000 DSCP[0] 0x67, bit 0 000001 DSCP[1] 0x67, bit 1 000010 DSCP[2] 0x67, bit 2 000011 DSCP[3] 0x67, bit 3 000100 DSCP[4] 0x67, bit 4 • • • • • • • • • 111011 DSCP[59] 0x60, bit 3 111100 DSCP[60] 0x60, bit 4 111101 DSCP[61] 0x60, bit 5 111110 DSCP[62] 0x60, bit 6 111111 DSCP[63] 0x60, bit 7 Table 5. DiffServ Code Point Once classification of the packets has been determined either by port-based priority, 802.1p tag-based priority or DiffServ priority, they are placed in either the high or low priority queue on the egress port. The user can enable the egress priority queues on a per port basis by setting bit 0 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, and 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. If the egress priority queue for a given port is not set, the port will treat all packets as if they are the same priority, even though packets are classified on their ingress ports. If the egress priority queue for a given port is enabled, packets are serviced based on the user programmable egress policy. The priority scheme selection is set in register 0x05 bits[3-2] as shown Table 6. Register Register 0x05, bit 3 0x05, bit 2 Egress Priority Scheme 0 0 Always deliver high priority packets first 0 1 Deliver high/low priority packets at a ratio of 10/1 1 0 Deliver high/low priority packets at a ratio of 5/1 1 1 Deliver high/low priority packets at a ratio of 2/1 Table 6. Transmit Priority Ratio The KS8995X offers support for port-based, 802.1p tag-based, and IPv4 DiffServ priority, as well as programmable egress policies. These KS8995X QoS features enable identifying, classifying and forwarding packets based on their priority. The system designer is able to use this device to build network elements that give more control over system resources, priority service to mission critical applications, and can be integrated into the next generation of multimedia networks. Rate Limit Support KS8995X supports hardware rate limiting on “receive” and “transmit” independently on a per port basis. It also supports rate limiting in a priority or non-priority environment. The rate limit starts from 0Kbps and goes up to the line rate in steps of 32Kbps. The KS8995X uses one second as an interval. At the beginning of each interval, the counter is cleared to zero, and the rate limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during this interval. For receive, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop receiving packets on the port until the “one second” interval expires. There is an option provided for flow control to prevent packet loss. If the rate limit is programmed greater than or equal to 128Kbps and the byte counter is 8K bytes below the limit, the flow control will be triggered. If the rate limit is programmed lower than 128Kbps and the byte counter is 2K bytes below the limit, the flow control will be triggered. For transmit, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop transmitting packets on the port until the “one second” interval expires. If priority is enabled, the KS8995X can support different rate controls for both high priority and low priority packets. This can be programmed through registers 21 – 27. December 2003 27 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Configuration Interface The KS8995X functions as a unmanaged switch. If no EEPROM exists, the KS8995X will operate from its default and strap- in settings. I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration If a 2-wire EEPROM exists, the KS8995X can perform more advanced features like broadcast storm protection and rate control. The EEPROM should have the entire valid configuration data from register 0 to register 109 defined in the memory map, except the status registers. The configuration access time (t ) is less than 15ms as shown in Figure 10. prgm .... RST_N .... SCL .... SDA t <15 ms prgm Figure 10. EEPROM Configuration Timing Diagram To configure the KS8995X with a pre-configured EEPROM use the following steps: • At the board level, connect pin 110 on the KS8995X to the SCL pin on the EEPROM. Connect pin 111 on the KS8995X to the SDA pin on the EEPROM. • Be sure the board level reset signal is connected to the KS8995X reset signal on pin 115 (RST_N). • Program the contents of the EEPROM before placing it on the board with the desired configuration data. Note that the first byte in the EEPROM must be “95” for the loading to occur properly. If this value is not correct, all other data will be ignored. • Place EEPROM on the board and power up the board. Assert the active-low board level reset to RST_N on the KS8995X. After the reset is deasserted, the KS8995X will begin reading configuration data from the EEPROM. The configuration access time (t ) is less than 15ms. prgm Note: For proper operation, make sure pin 47 (PWRDN_N) is not asserted during the reset operation. MII Management Interface (MIIM) A standard MIIM interface is provided for all five PHY devices in the KS8995X. An external device with MDC/MDIO capability is able to read PHY status or to configure PHY settings. For details on the MIIM interface standard please reference the IEEE 802.3 specification (section 22.2.4.5). The MIIM interface does not have access to all the configuration registers in the KS8995X. It can only access the standard MII registers. See “MIIM Registers” section. M9999-120403 28 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Register Map Offset Decimal Hex Description 0-1 0x00-0x01 Chip ID Registers 2-11 0x02-0x0B Global Control Registers 12-15 0x0C-0x0F Reserved 16-29 0x10-0x1D Port 1 Control Registers 30-31 0x1E-0x2F Port 1 Status Registers 32-45 0x20-0x2D Port 2 Control Registers 46-47 0x2E-0x2F Port 2 Status Registers 48-61 0x30-0x3D Port 3 Control Registers 62-63 0x3E-0x3F Port 3 Status Registers 64-77 0x40-0x4D Port 4 Control Registers 78-79 0x4E-0x4F Port 4 Status Registers 80-93 0x50-0x5D Port 5 Control Registers 94-95 0x5E-0x5F Port 5 Status Registers 96-103 0x60-0x67 TOS Priority Control Registers 104-109 0x68-0x6D MAC Address Registers Global Registers Address Name Description Mode Default Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0 7-0 Family ID Chip family RO 0x95 Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1/Start Switch 7-4 Chip ID 0x0 is assigned to M series. (95X) RO 0x0 3-1 Revision ID Revision ID RO 0x2 0 Start switch The chip starts automatically after trying to read the RW — external EEPROM. If EEPROM does not exist, the chip will use default values for all internal registers. If EEPROM is present, the contents in the EEPROM will be checked. The switch will check: (1) Register 0 = 0x95, (2) Register 1 [7:4] = 0x0. If this check is OK, the contents in the EEPROM will override chip register default values. Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0 7 Reserved Reserved R/W 0x0 6-4 802.1p base priority Used to classify priority for incoming 802.1q packets. R/W 0x4 “User priority” is compared against this value. ≥: classified as high priority < : classified as low priority 3 Enable PHY MII 1 = enable PHY MII interface R/W Pin LED[5][1] strap (note: if not enabled, the switch will tri-state all outputs) option. Pull-down (0): isolate Pull-up (1): Enable. Note:LED[5][1] has internal pull-up. December 2003 29 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0 (continued) 2 Buffer share mode 1 = buffer pool is shared by all ports. A port can use R/W 0x1 more buffer when other ports are not busy. 0 = a port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the buffer pool. 1 UNH mode 1 = the switch will drop packets with 0x8808 in T/L R/W 0 filed, or DA=01-80-C2-00-00-01. 0 = the switch will drop packets qualified as “flow control” packets. 0 Link change age 1 = link change from “link” to “no link” will cause fast R/W 0 aging (<800µs) to age address table faster. After an age cycle is complete, the age logic will return to normal (300 ±75 seconds). Note:If any port is unplugged, all addresses will be automatically aged out. Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1 7 Pass all frames 1 = switch all packets including bad ones. Used solely R/W 0 for debugging purpose. Works in conjunction with sniffer mode. 6 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 5 IEEE 802.3x transmit 0 = will enable transmit flow control based on AN result. R/W Pin PMRXD3 strap flow control disable 1 = will not enable transmit flow control regardless of option. Pull-down(0): AN result. Enable tx flow control. Pull-up(1): Disable tx/rx flow control. Note:PMRXD3 has internal pull- down. 4 IEEE 802.3x receive 0 = will enable receive flow control based on AN result. R/W Pin PMRXD3 strap flow control disable 1 = will not enable receive flow controlregardless of option. Pull-down(0): AN result. Enable rx flow control. Pull-up (1): Note: Bit 5 and bit 4 default values are controlled by Disable tx/rx flow the same pin, but they can be programmed control. independently. Note:PMRXD3 has internal pull- down. 3 Frame length field 1 = will check frame length field in the IEEE packets. R/W 0 check If the actual length does not match, the packet will be dropped. (for L/T < 1500) 2 Aging enable 1 = Enable age function in the chip R/W Pin LED[5][2] strap 0 = Disable aging function option. Pull-down (0): Aging disable. Pull-up (1): Aging Enable. Note: LED[5][2] has internal pull-up. 1 Fast age enable 1 = turn on fast age (800µs) R/W 0 0 Aggressive back 1 = enable more aggressive backoff algorithm in half- R/W Pin PMRXD0 strap off enable duplex mode to enhance performance. This is not an option. Pull-down(0): IEEE standard. Disable aggressive backoff. Pull-up (1): Aggressive back off. Note: PMRXD0 has internal pull- down. M9999-120403 30 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2 7 Reserved Reserved R/W 1 6 Multicast storm 1 = “Broadcast Storm Protection” does not include R/W 1 protection disable multicast packets. Only DA=FFFFFFFFFFFF packets will be regulated. 0 = “Broadcast Storm Protection” includes DA = FFFFFFFFFFFF and DA[40] = 1 packets. 5 Reserved Reserved R/W 1 4 Flow control and back 1 = fair mode is selected. In this mode, if a flow control R/W 1 pressure fair mode port and a non-flow control port talk to the same destination port, packets from the non-flow control port may be dropped. This is to prevent the flow control port from being flow controlled for an extended period of time. 0 = in this mode, if a flow control port and a non-flow control port talk to the same destination port, the flow control port will be flow controlled. This may not be “fair” to the flow control port. 3 No excessive collision 1 = the switch will not drop packets when 16 or more R/W Pin PMRXD1 strap drop collisions occur. option. Pull-down(0): 0 = the switch will drop packets when 16 or more Drop excessive collisions occur. collision packets Pull-up (1): Don’t drop excessive collision packets. Note:PMRXD1 has internal pull- down. 2 Huge packet support 1 = will accept packet sizes up to 1916 bytes (inclusive). R/W 0 This bit setting will override setting from bit 1 of the same register. 0 = the max packet size will be determined by bit 1 of this register. 1 Legal maximum packet 1 = will accept packet sizes up to 1536 bytes (inclusive). R/W Pin PMRXER strap size check disable 0 = 1522 bytes for tagged packets (not including option. Pull-down(0): packets with STPID from CPU to ports 1-4), 1518 bytes 1518/1522 byte for untagged packets. Any packets larger than the packets Pull-up specified value will be dropped.” value will be dropped. (1): 1536 byte packets. Note:PMRXER has internal pull down. 0 Priority Buffer Reserve 1 = each output queue is pre-allocated 48 buffers, R/W 0 used exclusively for high priority packets. It is recommended to enable this when priority queue feature is turned on. 0 = no reserved buffers for high priority packets. Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 7 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 6 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 5 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 4 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 3-2 Priority scheme select 00 = always deliver high priority packets first. R/W 00 01 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 10/1. 10 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 5/1. 11 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 2/1. December 2003 31 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 (continued) 1 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 0 Sniff mode select 1 = will do Rx AND Tx sniff (both source port and R/W 0 destination port need to match). 0 = will do Rx OR Tx sniff (Either source port or destination port needs to match). This is the mode used to implement Rx only sniff. Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4 7 Switch MII back 1 = enable half-duplex back pressure on switch MII R/W 0 Pressure enable interface. 0 = disable back pressure on switch MII interface. 6 Switch MII half 1 = enable MII interface half-duplex mode. R/W Pin SMRXD2 strap duplex mode 0 = enable MII interface full-duplex mode. option. Pull-down(0): Full-duplex mode Pull-up (1): Half- duplex mode. Note:SMRXD2 has internal pull- down. 5 Switch MII flow 1 = enable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface. R/W Pin SMRXD3 strap control enable 0 = disable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface. option. Pull-down (0): disable flow control Pull-up (1): enable flow control Note: SMRXD3 has internal pull- down. 4 Switch MII 10BT 1 = the switch interface is in 10Mbps mode. R/W Pin SMRXD1 strap 0 = the switch interface is in 100Mbps mode. option. Pull-down(0): Enable 100Mbps Pull-up(1): Enable 10Mpbs Note:SMRXD1 has internal pull-down. 3 Null VID replacement 1 = will replace null VID with port VID(12 bits). R/W 0 0 = no replacement for null VID. 2-0 Broadcast storm This along with the next register determines how many R/W 000 protection rate bit [10:8] “64 byte blocks” of packet data allowed on an input port in a preset period. The period is 50ms for 100BT or 500ms for 10BT. The default is 1%. Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5 7-0 Broadcast storm This along with the previous register determines how R/W 0x4A(1) protection rate bit [7:0] many “64 byte blocks” of packet data are allowed on an input port in a preset period. The period is 50ms for 100BT or 500ms for 10BT. The default is 1%. Notes: 148,800 frames/sec × 50ms/interval × 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6 7-0 Factory testing Reserved R/W 0x24 Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7 7-0 Factory testing Reserved R/W 0x24 Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8 7-0 Factory testing Reserved R/W 0x24 M9999-120403 32 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9 7-2 Reserved N/A 0 1 LED mode 0 = led mode 0 R/W Pin SMRXD0 strap 1 = led mode 1 option. Pull-down(0): Enabled led mode 0. Pull-up(1): Enabled. led mode 1. Note: SMRXD0 has internal pull-down 0. Mode 0 Mode 1 LEDX_2 Lnk/Act 100Lnk/Act LEDX_1 Fulld/Col 10Lnk/Act LEDX_0 Speed Fulld 0 Reserved Reserved RW 0 Port Registers The following registers are used to enable features that are assigned on a per port basis. The register bit assignments are the same for all ports, but the address for each port is different, as indicated. Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0 Register 32 (0x20): Port 2 Control 0 Register 48 (0x30): Port 3 Control 0 Register 64 (0x40): Port 4 Control 0 Register 80 (0x50): Port 5 Control 0 Address Name Description Mode Default 7 Broadcast storm 1 = enable broadcast storm protection for ingress R/W 0 protection enable packets on the port. 0 = disable broadcast storm protection. 6 DiffServ priority 1 = enable DiffServ priority classification for ingress R/W 0 classification enable packets on port. 0 = disable DiffServ function. 5 802.1p priority 1 = enable 802.1p priority classification for ingress R/W 0 classification enable packets on port. 0 = disable 802.1p. 4 Port-based priority 1 = ingress packets on the port will be classified as high R/W 0 classification enable priority if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not enabled or fails to classify. 0 = ingress packets on port will be classified as low priority if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not enabled or fails to classify. Note:“DiffServ”, “802.1p” and port priority can be enabled at the same time. The OR’ed result of 802.1p and DSCP overwrites the port priority. 3 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 2 Tag insertion 1 = when packets are output on the port, the switch will R/W 0 add 802.1q tags to packets without 802.1q tags when received. The switch will not add tags to packets already tagged. The tag inserted is the ingress port’s “port VID.” 0 = disable tag insertion. 1 Tag removal 1 = when packets are output on the port, the switch R/W 0 will remove 802.1q tags from packets with 802.1q tags when received. The switch will not modify packets received without tags. 0 = disable tag removal. December 2003 33 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default 0 Priority enable 1 = the port output queue is split into high and low R/W 0 priority queues. 0 = single output queue on the port. There is no priority differentiation even though packets are classified into high or low priority. Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1 Register 33 (0x21): Port 2 Control 1 Register 49 (0x31): Port 3 Control 1 Register 65 (0x41): Port 4 Control 1 Register 81 (0x51): Port 5 Control 1 Address Name Description Mode Default 7 Sniffer port 1 = port is designated as sniffer port and will transmit R/W 0 packets that are monitored. 0, port is a normal port. 6 Receive sniff 1 = all the packets received on the port will be marked R/W 0 as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the designated “sniffer port.” 0 = no receive monitoring. 5 Transmit sniff 1 = all the packets transmitted on the port will be R/W 0 marked as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the designated “sniffer port.” 0 = no transmit monitoring. 4-0 Port VLAN membership Define the port’s Port VLAN membership. Bit 4 stands R/W 0x1f for port 5, bit 3 for port 4... bit 0 for port 1. The Port can only communicate within the membership. A ‘1’ includes a port in the membership, a ‘0’ excludes a port from membership. Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2 Register 34 (0x22): Port 2 Control 2 Register 50 (0x32): Port 3 Control 2 Register 66 (0x42): Port 4 Control 2 Register 82 (0x52): Port 5 Control 2 Address Name Description Mode Default 7 Reserved Reserved 0x0 6 Reserved Reserved R/W 0 5 Discard non PVID 1 = the switch will discard packets whose VID does R/W 0 packets not match ingress port default VID. 0 = no packets will be discarded. 4 Force flow control 1 = will always enable Rx and Tx flow control on the R/W 0 port, regardless of AN result. For port 4 only, 0 = the flow control is enabled based on AN result. there is a special configuration pin to Note: Setting a port for both half-duplex and forced set the default,Pin flow control is an illegal configuration. For half-duplex PCOL strap option. enable back pressure. Pull-down(0): No Force flow control. Pull-up(1): Force flow control. Note: PCOL has internal pull-down. M9999-120403 34 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default 3 Back pressure enable 1 = enable port’s half-duplex back pressure. R/W Pin PMRXD2 strap 0 = disable port’s half-duplex back pressure. option. Pull-down (0): disable back pressure. Pull-up(1): enable back pressure. Note: PMRXD2 has internal pull-down. 2 Transmit enable 1 = enable packet transmission on the port. R/W 1 0 = disable packet transmission on the port. 1 Receive enable 1 = enable packet reception on the port. R/W 1 0 = disable packet reception on the port. 0 Learning disable 1 = disable switch address learning capability. R/W 0 0 = enable switch address learning. Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3 Register 35 (0x23): Port 2 Control 3 Register 51 (0x33): Port 3 Control 3 Register 67 (0x43): Port 4 Control 3 Register 83 (0x53): Port 5 Control 3 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-0 Default tag [15:8] Port’s default tag, containing R/W 0 7-5: user priority bits 4: CFI bit 3-0 : VID[11:8] Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4 Register 36 (0x24): Port 2 Control 4 Register 52 (0x34): Port 3 Control 4 Register 68 (0x44): Port 4 Control 4 Register 84 (0x54): Port 5 Control 4 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-0 Default tag [7:0] Default port 1’s tag, containing R/W 1 7-0: VID[7:0] Note: Registers 19 and 20 (and those corresponding to other ports) serve two purposes: (1) Associated with the ingress untagged packets, and used for egress tagging; (2) Default VID for the ingress untagged or null-VID-tagged packets, and used for address look up. Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5 Register 37 (0x25): Port 2 Control 5 Register 53 (0x35): Port 3 Control 5 Register 69 (0x45): Port 4 Control 5 Register 85 (0x55): Port 5 Control 5 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-0 Transmit high priority This along with port control 7, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [7:0] field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6 Register 38 (0x26): Port 2 Control 6 Register 54 (0x36): Port 3 Control 6 Register 70 (0x46): Port 4 Control 6 Register 86 (0x56): Port 5 Control 6 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-0 Transmit low priority This along with port control 7, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [7:0] field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) December 2003 35 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7 Register 39 (0x27): Port 2 Control 7 Register 55 (0x37): Port 3 Control 7 Register 71 (0x47): Port 4 Control 7 Register 87 (0x57): Port 5 Control 7 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-4 Transmit low priority This along with port control 6, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [11:8] field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) 3-0 Transmit high priority This along with port control 5, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [11:8] field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority blocks can be transmitted. (In unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8 Register 40 (0x28): Port 2 Control 8 Register 56 (0x38): Port 3 Control 8 Register 72 (0x48): Port 4 Control 8 Register 88 (0x58): Port 5 Control 8 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-0 Receive high priority This along with port control 10, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [7:0] field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9 Register 41 (0x29): Port 2 Control 9 Register 57 (0x39): Port 3 Control 9 Register 73 (0x49): Port 4 Control 9 Register 89 (0x59): Port 5 Control 9 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-0 Receive low priority This along with port control 10, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [7:0] field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10 Register 42 (0x2A): Port 2 Control 10 Register 58 (0x3A): Port 3 Control 10 Register 74 (0x4A): Port 4 Control 10 Register 90 (0x5A): Port 5 Control 10 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-4 Receive low priority This along with port control 9, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [11:8] field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) 3-0 Receive high priority This along with port control 8, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit R/W 0 rate control [11:8] field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one second period.) M9999-120403 36 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11 Register 43 (0x2B): Port 2 Control 11 Register 59 (0x3B): Port 3 Control 11 Register 75 (0x4B): Port 4 Control 11 Register 91 (0x5B): Port 5 Control 11 Address Name Description Mode Default 7 Receive differential 1 = If bit 6 is also ‘1’ this will enable receive rate control R/W 0 priority rate control for this port on low priority packets at the low priority rate. If bit 5 is also ‘1’, this will enable receive rate control on high priority packets at the high priority rate. 0 = receive rate control will be based on the low priority rate for all packets on this port. 6 Low priority receive 1 = enable port’s low priority receive rate control feature. R/W 0 rate control enable 0 = disable port’s low priority receive rate control. 5 High priority receive 1 = if bit 7 is also ‘1’ this will enable the port’s high R/W 0 rate control enable priority receive rate control feature. If bit 7 is a ‘0’ and bit 6 is a ‘1’, all receive packets on this port will be rate controlled at the low priority rate. 0 = disable port’s high priority receive rate control feature. 4 Low priority receive rate 1 = flow control may be asserted if the port’s low priority R/W 0 flow control enable receive rate is exceeded. 0 = flow control is not asserted if the port’s low priority receive rate is exceeded. 3 High priority receive 1 = flow control may be asserted if the port’s high R/W 0 rate flow control enable priority receive rate is exceeded. (To use this, differential receive rate control must be on.) 0 = flow control is not asserted if the port’s high priority receive rate is exceeded. 2 Transmit differential 1 = will do transmit rate control on both high and low R/W 0 priority rate control priority packets based on the rate counters defined by the high and low priority packets respectively. 0 = will do transmit rate control on any packets The rate counters defined in low priority will be used. 1 Low priority transmit 1 = enable the port’s low priority transmit rate control R/W 0 rate control enable feature. 0 = disable the port’s low priority transmit rate control feature. 0 High priority transmit 1 = enable the port’s high priority transmit rate control R/W 0 rate control enable feature. 0 = disable the port’s high priority transmit rate control feature. Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12 Register 44 (0x2C): Port 2 Control 12 Register 60 (0x3C): Port 3 Control 12 Register 76 (0x4C): Port 4 Control 12 Register 92 (0x5C): Port 5 Control 12 Note: Port Control 12 and 13, and Port Status 0 contents can be accessed by MIIM (MDC/MDIO) interface via the standard MIIM register definition. Address Name Description Mode Default 7 Disable auto-negotiation 1 = disable auto-negotiation, speed and duplex are R/W 0 decided by bit 6 and 5 of the same register. 0 = auto-negotiation is on. 6 Forced speed 1 = forced 100BT if AN is disabled (bit 7). R/W 1 0 = forced 10BT if AN is disabled (bit 7). December 2003 37 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default 5 Forced duplex 1 = forced full-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is R/W 0 enabled but failed. (For port 4 only, 0 = forced half-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is there is a special enabled but failed. configure pin to set the default, Pin PCRS strap option. Pull-down(0): Force half-duplex. Pull-up(1): Force full-duplex. Note:PCRS has internal pull down) 4 Advertised flow 1 = advertise flow control capability. R/W 1 control capability 0 = suppress flow control capability from transmission to link partner. 3 Advertised 100BT 1 = advertise 100BT full-duplex capability. R/W 1 full-duplex capability 0 = suppress 100BT full-duplex capability from transmission to link partner. 2 Advertised 100BT 1 = advertise 100BT half-duplex capability. R/W 1 half-duplex capability 0 = suppress 100BT half-duplex capability from transmission to link partner. 1 Advertised 10BT 1 = advertise 10BT full-duplex capability. R/W 1 full-duplex capability 0 = suppress 10BT full-duplex capability from transmission to link partner. 0 Advertised 10BT 1 = advertise 10BT half-duplex capability. R/W 1 half-duplex capability 0 = suppress 10BT half-duplex capability from transmission to link partner. Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13 Register 45 (0x2D): Port 2 Control 13 Register 61 (0x3D): Port 3 Control 13 Register 77 (0x4D): Port 4 Control 13 Register 93 (0x5D): Port 5 Control 13 Address Name Description Mode Default 7 LED off 1 = turn off all port’s LEDs (LEDx_2, LEDx_1, LEDx_0, R/W 0 where “x” is the port number). These pins will be driven high if this bit is set to one. 0 = normal operation. 6 Txids 1 = disable port’s transmitter. R/W 0 0 = normal operation. 5 Restart AN 1 = restart auto-negotiation. R/W 0 0 = normal operation. 4 Disable Far end fault 1 = disable far end fault detection and pattern transmission. R/W 0 0 = enable far end fault detection and pattern transmission. 3 Power down 1 = power down. R/W 0 0 = normal operation. 2 Disable auto MDI/MDIX 1 = disable auto MDI/MDIX function. R/W 0 0 = enable auto MDI/MDIX function. 1 Forced MDI 1 = if auto MDI/MDIX is disabled, force PHY into R/W 0 MDI mode. 0 = do not force PHY into MDI mode. 0 MAC Loopback 1 = perform “local loopback”, ie., loopback PHYs TX R/W 0 back to RX. 0 = normal operation. M9999-120403 38 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0 Register 46 (0x2E): Port 2 Status 0 Register 62 (0x3E): Port 3 Status 0 Register 78 (0x4E): Port 4 Status 0 Register 94 (0x5E): Port 5 Status 0 Address Name Description Mode Default 7 MDIX status 1 = MDI RO 0 0 = MDIX 6 AN done 1 = AN done RO 0 0 = AN not done 5 Link good 1 = link good RO 0 0 = link not good 4 Partner flow 1 = link partner flow control capable RO 0 control capability 0 = link partner not flow control capable 3 Partner 100BT 1 = link partner 100BT full-duplex capable RO 0 full-duplex capability 0 = link partner not 100BT full-duplex capable 2 Partner 100BT 1 = link partner 100BT half-duplex capable RO 0 half-duplex capability 0 = link partner not 100BT half-duplex capable 1 Partner 10BT 1 = link partner 10BT full-duplex capable RO 0 full-duplex capability 0 = link partner not 10BT full-duplex capable 0 Partner 10BT 1 = link partner 10BT half-duplex capable RO 0 half-duplex capability 0 = link partner not 10BT half-duplex capable Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1 Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Status 1 Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Status 1 Register 79 (0x4F): Port 4 Status 1 Register 95 (0x5F): Port 5 Status 1 Address Name Description Mode Default 7-1 Reserved RO 0 0 Far end fault 1 = far end fault status detected RO 0 0 = no far end fault status detected Advanced Control Registers The IPv4 TOS priority control registers implement a fully decoded 64 bit DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) register used to determine priority from the 6 bit TOS field in the IP header. The most significant 6 bits of the TOS field are fully decoded into 64 possibilities, and the singular code that results is compared against the corresponding bit in the DSCP register. If the register bit is a 1, the priority is high; if it is a 0, the priority is low. Address Name Description Mode Default Register 96 (0x60): TOS priority control register 0 7-0 DSCP[63:56] R/W 00000000 Register 97 (0x61): TOS priority control register 1 7-0 DSCP[55:48] R/W 00000000 Register 98 (0x62): TOS priority control register 2 7-0 DSCP[47:40] R/W 00000000 Register 99 (0x63): TOS priority control register 3 7-0 DSCP[39:32] R/W 00000000 Register 100 (0x64): TOS priority control register 4 7-0 DSCP[31:24] R/W 00000000 Register 101 (0x65): TOS priority control register 5 7-0 DSCP[23:16] R/W 00000000 December 2003 39 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default Register 102 (0x66): TOS priority control register 6 7-0 DSCP[15:8] R/W 00000000 Register 103 (0x67): TOS priority control register 7 7-0 DSCP[7:0] R/W 00000000 Registers 104 to 109 define the switching engine’s MAC address. This 48-bit address is used as the source address in MAC pause control frames. Register 104 (0x68): MAC address register 0 7-0 MACA[47:40] R/W 0x00 Register 105 (0x69): MAC address register 1 7-0 MACA[39:32] R/W 0x10 Register 106 (0x6A): MAC address register 2 7-0 MACA[31:24] R/W 0xA1 Register 107 (0x6B): MAC address register 3 7-0 MACA[23:16] R/W 0xff Register 108 (0x6C): MAC address register 4 7-0 MACA[15:8] R/W 0xff Register 109 (0X6D): MAC address register 5 7-0 MACA[7:0] R/W 0xff MIIM Registers The “PHYAD” defined in IEEE is assigned as “0x1” for port 1, “0x2” for port 2, “0x3” for port 3, “0x4” for port 4, “0x5” for port 5. The “REGAD” supported are 0,1,2,3,4,5. Address Name Description Mode Default Register 0: MII Control 15 Soft reset 1 = PHY soft reset RO 0 0 = normal operation 14 Loop back 1 = loop back mode (loop back at PHY) R/W 0 0 = normal operation 13 Force 100 1 = 100Mbps R/W 1 0 = 10Mbps 12 AN enable 1 = auto-negotiation enabled R/W 1 0 = auto-negotiation disabled 11 Power down 1 = power down R/W 0 0 = normal operation 10 Isolate NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 9 Restart AN 1 = restart auto-negotiation R/W 0 0 = normal operation 8 Force full-duplex 1 = full-duplex R/W 0 0 = half-duplex 7 Collision test NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 6 Reserved RO 0 5 Reserved RO 0 4 Force MDI 1 = force MDI R/W 0 0 = normal operation 3 Disable auto MDIX 1 = disable auto MDIX R/W 0 0 = normal operation 2 Disable far end fault 1 = disable far end fault detection R/W 0 0 = normal operation M9999-120403 40 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Address Name Description Mode Default 1 Disable transmit 1 = disable transmit R/W 0 0 = normal operation 0 Disable LED 1 = disable LED R/W 0 0 = normal operation Register 1: MII Status 15 T4 capable 0 = not 100 BaseT4 capable RO 0 14 100 Full capable 1 = 100BaseTX full-duplex capable RO 1 0 = not capable of 100BaseTX full-duplex 13 100 Half capable 1 = 100BaseTX half-duplex capable RO 1 0 = not 100BaseTX half-duplex capable 12 10 Full capable 1 = 10BaseT full-duplex capable RO 1 0 = not 10BaseT full-duplex capable 11 10 Half capable 1 = 10BaseT half-duplex capable RO 1 0 = not 10BaseT half-duplex capable 10-7 Reserved RO 0 6 Preamble suppressed NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 5 AN complete 1 = auto-negotiation complete RO 0 0 = auto-negotiation not completed 4 Far end fault 1 = far end fault detected RO 0 0 = no far end fault detected 3 AN capable 1 = auto-negotiation capable RO 1 0 = not auto-negotiation capable 2 Link status 1 = link is up RO 0 0 = link is down 1 Jabber test NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 0 Extended capable 0 = not extended register capable RO 0 Register 2: PHYID HIGH 15-0 Phyid high High order PHYID bits RO 0x0022 Register 3: PHYID LOW 15-0 Phyid low Low order PHYID bits RO 0x1450 Register 4: Advertisement Ability 15 Next page NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 14 Reserved RO 0 13 Remote fault NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 12-11 Reserved RO 0 10 Pause 1 = advertise pause ability R/W 1 0 = do not advertise pause ability 9 Reserved R/W 0 8 Adv 100 Full 1 = advertise 100 full-duplex ability R/W 1 0 = do not advertise 100 full-duplex ability 7 Adv 100 Half 1 = advertise 100 half-duplex ability R/W 1 0 = do not advertise 100 half-duplex ability 6 Adv 10 Full 1 = advertise 10 full-duplex ability R/W 1 0 = do not advertise 10 full-duplex ability 5 Adv 10 Half 1 = advertise 10 half-duplex ability R/W 1 0 = do not advertise 10 half-duplex ability 4-0 Selector field 802.3 RO 00001 December 2003 41 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Register 5: Link Partner Ability 15 Next page NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 14 LP ACK NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 13 Remote fault NOT SUPPORTED RO 0 12-11 Reserved RO 0 10 Pause Link partner pause capability RO 0 9 Reserved RO 0 8 Adv 100 full Link partner 100 full capability RO 0 7 Adv 100 half Link partner 100 half capability RO 0 6 Adv 10 full Link partner 10 full capability RO 0 5 Adv 10 half Link partner 10 half capability RO 0 4-0 Reserved RO 00000 M9999-120403 42 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Supply Voltage Supply Voltage (V V V ).............................–0.5V to +2.4V (V V V ).............................+1.7V to +1.9V DDAR, DDAP, DDC DDAR, DDAP, DDC (V V ) ........................................–0.5V to +4.0V (V V ) ................+2.4V to +2.6V or +3.0 to +3.6 DDAT, DDIO DDAT, DDIO Input Voltage (All Inputs).............................–0.5V to +4.0V Ambient Temperature (T ) A Output Voltage (All Outputs).......................–0.5V to +4.0V Commercial..............................................–0°C to +70°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec.).....................270°C Package Thermal Resistance(3) Storage Temperature (T ) .......................–55°C to +150°C PQFP (θJA) No Air Flow.................................42.91°C/W S Electrical Characteristics(4) V = 1.8V/2.5V (typ.); V = 1.9V/3.6V (max.); T = 0°C to +70°C; unless noted. IN IN A Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units 100BaseTX Operation—All Ports 100% Utilization I 100BaseTX (Transmitter) V 229 250 mA DX DDAT I 100BaseTX (Digital Core/PLL+Analog RX) V , V , V 157 230 mA DDC DDC DDAP DDAR I 100BaseTX (Digital IO) V 17 30 mA DDIO DDIO 10BaseTX Operation—All Ports 100% Utilization I 10BaseTX (Transmitter) V 350 375 mA DX DDAT I 10BaseTX (Digital Core+Analog RX) V , V 102 180 mA DDC DDC DDAP I 10BaseTX (Digital IO) V 6 15 mA DDIO DDIO Auto-Negotiation Mode I 10BaseTX (Transmitter) V 25 40 mA DX DDAT I 10BaseTX (Digital Core+Analog RX) V , V 108 180 mA DDC DDC DDAP I 10BaseTX (Digital IO) V 17 20 mA DDIO DDIO TTL Inputs V Input High Voltage (1/2 V ) V IH DDIO +0.4 V Input Low Voltage (1/2 V ) V IL DDIO –0.4 I Input Current V = GND ~ V –10 10 µA IN IN DDIO (Excluding Pull-up/Pull-down) TTL Outputs V Output High Voltage I = –8mA V V OH OH DDIO –0.4 V Output Low Voltage I = 8mA +0.4 V OL OL |I | Output Tri-State Leakage 10 µA OZ 100BaseTX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer) V Peak Differential Output Voltage 100Ω termination on the differential output 0.95 1.05 V O V Output Voltage Imbalance 100Ω termination on the differential output 2 % IMB t, t Rise/Fall Time 3 5 ns r t Rise/Fall Time Imbalance 0 0.5 ns Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic voltage level (Ground to V ). DD 3. No HS (heat spreader) in package. 4. Specification for packaged product only. December 2003 43 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units 100BaseTX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer) Duty Cycle Distortion ±0.5 ns Overshoot 5 % V Reference Voltage of ISET 0.5 V SET Output Jitters Peak-to-peak 0.7 1.4 ns 10BaseT Receive V Squelch Threshold 5MHz square wave 400 mV SQ 10BaseT Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer) V = 2.5V DDAT V Peak Differential Output Voltage 100Ω termination on the differential output 2.3 V P Jitters Added 100Ω termination on the differential output ±3.5 V Rise/Fall Times 28 30 ns M9999-120403 44 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Timing Diagrams ts1 tcyc1 th1 Receive Timing SCL SDA Figure 11. EEPROM Interface Input Receive Timing Diagram tcyc1 Transmit Timing SCL tov1 SDA Figure 12. EEPROM Interface Output Transmit Timing Diagram Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units t Clock Cycle 16384 ns CYC1 t Set-Up Time 20 ns S1 t Hold Time 20 ns H1 t Output Valid 4096 4112 4128 ns OV1 Table 7. EEPROM Timing Parameters December 2003 45 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel ts2 tcyc2 th2 Receive Timing MTXC MTXEN MTXD[0] Figure 13. SNI Input Timing tcyc2 Transmit Timing MRXC tov2 MRXDV MCOL MRXD[0] Figure 14. SNI Output Timing Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units t Clock Cycle 100 ns CYC2 t Set-Up Time 10 ns S2 t Hold Time 0 ns H2 t Output Valid 0 3 6 ns O2 Table 8. SNI Timing Parameters M9999-120403 46 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel ts3 tcyc3 th3 Receive Timing MRXCLK MTXEN MTXER MTXD[3:0] Figure 15. MAC Mode MII Timing–Data Received from MII tcyc3 Transmit Timing MTXCLK tov3 MRXDV MRXD[3:0] Figure 16. MAC Mode MII Timing–Data Transmitted from MII Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units t Clock Cycle (100BaseT) 40 ns CYC3 t Clock Cycle (10BaseT) 400 ns CYC3 t Set-Up Time 10 ns S3 t Hold Time 5 ns H3 t Output Valid 7 11 16 ns OV3 Table 9. MAC Mode MII Timing Parameters December 2003 47 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel ts4 tcyc4 th4 Receive Timing MTXCLK MTXEN MTXER MTXD[3:0] Figure 17. PHY Mode MII Timing–Data Received from MII tcyc4 Transmit Timing MRXCLK tov4 MRXDV MRXD[3:0] Figure 18. PHY Mode MII Timing–Data Transmitted from MII Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units t Clock Cycle (100BaseT) 40 ns CYC4 t Clock Cycle (10BaseT) 400 ns CYC4 t Set-Up Time 10 ns S4 t Hold Time 0 ns H4 t Output Valid 18 25 28 ns OV4 Table 10. PHY Mode MII Timing Parameters M9999-120403 48 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Supply Voltage tsr RST_N tcs tch Strap-In Value trc Strap-In / Output Pin Figure 19. Reset Timing Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units t Stable Supply Voltages to Reset High 10 ms SR t Configuration Set-Up Time 50 ns CS t Configuration Hold Time 50 ns CH t Reset to Strap-In Pin Output 50 ns RC Table 11. Reset Timing Parameters December 2003 49 M9999-120403

KS8995X Micrel Selection of Isolation Transformer(1) One simple 1:1 isolation transformer is needed at the line interface. An isolation transformer with integrated common-mode choke is recommended for exceeding FCC requirements. The following table gives recommended transformer characteristics. Characteristics Name Value Test Condition Turns Ratio 1 CT : 1 CT Open-Circuit Inductance (min.) 350µH 100mV, 100 KHz, 8mA Leakage Inductance (max.) 0.4µH 1MHz (min.) Inter-Winding Capacitance (max.) 12pF D.C. Resistance (max.) 0.9Ω Insertion Loss (max.) 1.0dB 0MHz to 65MHz HIPOT (min.) 1500Vrms Note: 1. The IEEE 802.3u standard for 100BaseTX assumes a transformer loss of 0.5dB. For the transmit line transformer, insertion loss of up to 1.3dB can be compensated by increasing the line drive current by means of reducing the ISET resistor value. The following transformer vendors provide compatible magnetic parts for Micrel’s device: 4-Port Integrated Auto Number Single-Port Auto Number Vendor Part MDIX of Ports Vendor Part MDIX of Ports Pulse H1164 Yes 4 Pulse H1102 Yes 1 Bel Fuse 558-5999-Q9 Yes 4 Bel Fuse S558-5999-U7 Yes 1 YCL PH406466 Yes 4 YCL PT163020 Yes 1 Transpower HB826-2 Yes 4 Transpower HB726 Yes 1 Delta LF8731 Yes 4 Delta LF8505 Yes 1 LanKom SQ-H48W Yes 4 LanKom LF-H41S Yes 1 Table 12. Qualified Magnetics Lists M9999-120403 50 December 2003

KS8995X Micrel Package Information 128-Pin PQFP (PQ) MICREL, INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 944-0970 WEB http://www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2003 Micrel, Incorporated. December 2003 51 M9999-120403